centos7 安裝 mysql5.6（MySQL-5.6.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar）

1、卸載MariaDB

rpm -qa | grep -i mariadb

rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64

2、卸載已有Mysql

卸載舊版本mysql

rpm -qa | grep -i mysql

如果有，就使用上面卸載mariadb的命令進行卸載。

刪除服務

systemctl list-unit-files --type=service | grep -i mysql

如果查找到mysql服務，使用下面的命令進行刪除

chkconfig --del mysql

刪除mysql分散的文件夾

[root@localhost ~]# whereis mysql mysql: /usr/lib64/mysql

rm -rf /usr/lib64/mysql

3、安裝依賴

yum install perl

yum -y install autoconf

4、下載mysql並上傳到服務器中

5、增加mysql用戶組

檢查mysql用戶及組是否存在，如果沒有執行下面命令

cat /etc/group |grep mysql

創建組

groupadd mysql

創建用戶並把該用戶加入到組mysql，這里的 -r是指該用戶是內部用戶，不允許外部登錄

useradd -r -g mysql mysql

給用戶mysql設置密碼，需要輸入2次

passwd mysql

6、安裝

安裝mysql

解壓

tar -xvf MySQL-5.6.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 

安裝mysql

rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 

rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

如果出現如下錯誤

[root@localhost mysoft]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
warning: MySQL-server-5.6.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
    net-tools is needed by MySQL-server-5.6.44-1.el7.x86_64

需要安裝net-tools

yum install net-tools

安裝完，再次執行rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.44-1.el7.x86_64.rpm命令

修改密碼

查看mysql狀態

[root@localhost mysoft]# service mysql status
 ERROR! MySQL is not running

如果是開啟服務狀態，用service mysql status關閉服務

繞過密碼登錄

[root@localhost mysoft]# mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &
[1] 1522
[root@localhost mysoft]# Logging to '/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.err'.
190528 17:25:33 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql

登錄

mysql -u root -p

要求輸入密碼，直接回車

切換數據庫

use mysql  

查詢用戶

select Host,User,Password from user; 

修改密碼

UPDATE user SET password=password("root") WHERE user='root'; 

退出

quit   

重啟mysql服務

[root@localhost mysoft]# service mysql restart
Shutting down MySQL..190528 17:30:50 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid ended
 SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
[1]+  Done                    mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking

-proot,p代表password,root是密碼

mysql -u root -proot

第一次登錄必須修改密碼

mysql> set password = password('root');                                  
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

刷新權限

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

賦予任何主機訪問數據的權限（遠程訪問）

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'root' with grant option; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

刷新權限

mysql> flush privileges; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

退出 mysql

mysql> quit         
Bye

重啟mysql

[root@localhost mysoft]# service mysql restart 
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 

開放端口

查看firewall狀態（runing:運行，not runing:沒有運行），如果沒有運行，用systemctl start firewalld啟動

[root@localhost mysoft]# firewall-cmd --state 
running

添加3306端口

[root@localhost mysoft]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp  
success

重新加載firewall

[root@localhost mysoft]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

設置mysql開機啟動

查看mysql服務

[root@localhost mysoft]# chkconfig --list mysql 

Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
      systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
      systemd configuration.

      If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
      To see services enabled on particular target use
      'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.

mysql              0:off    1:off    2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

開啟MySQL服務自動開啟命令

chkconfig mysql on

mysql集合重要目錄

/var/lib/mysql 數據庫文件
/usr/share/mysql 命令及配置文件
/usr/bin mysqladmin、mysqldump等命令