POST /school/student/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": 1 }}
{ "name" : "liubei", "age" : 20 , "sex": "boy", "birth": "1996-01-02" , "about": "i like diaocan he girl" }
{ "index": { "_id": 2 }}
{ "name" : "guanyu", "age" : 21 , "sex": "boy", "birth": "1995-01-02" , "about": "i like diaocan" }
{ "index": { "_id": 3 }}
{ "name" : "zhangfei", "age" : 18 , "sex": "boy", "birth": "1998-01-02" , "about": "i like travel" }
{ "index": { "_id": 4 }}
{ "name" : "diaocan", "age" : 20 , "sex": "girl", "birth": "1996-01-02" , "about": "i like travel and sport" }
{ "index": { "_id": 5 }}
{ "name" : "panjinlian", "age" : 25 , "sex": "girl", "birth": "1991-01-02" , "about": "i like travel and wusong" }
{ "index": { "_id": 6 }}
{ "name" : "caocao", "age" : 30 , "sex": "boy", "birth": "1988-01-02" , "about": "i like xiaoqiao" }
{ "index": { "_id": 7 }}
{ "name" : "zhaoyun", "age" : 31 , "sex": "boy", "birth": "1997-01-02" , "about": "i like travel and music" }
{ "index": { "_id": 8 }}
{ "name" : "xiaoqiao", "age" : 18 , "sex": "girl", "birth": "1998-01-02" , "about": "i like caocao" }
{ "index": { "_id": 9 }}
{ "name" : "daqiao", "age" : 20 , "sex": "girl", "birth": "1996-01-02" , "about": "i like travel and history" }
3.4.1、使用match_all做查詢
GET /school/student/_search?pretty
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
}
}
問題：通過match_all匹配后，會把所有的數據檢索出來，但是往往真正的業務需求並非要找全部的數據，而是檢索出自己想要的；並且對於es集群來說，直接檢索全部的數據，很容易造成GC現象。所以，我們要學會如何進行高效的檢索數據
3.4.2、通過關鍵字段進行查詢
GET /school/student/_search?pretty
{
"query": {
"match": {"about": "travel"}
}
}
如果此時想查詢喜歡旅游的，並且不能是男孩的，怎么辦？
【這種方式是錯誤的，因為一個match下，不能出現多個字段值[match] query doesn't support multiple fields】，需要使用復合查詢
3.4.3、bool的復合查詢
當出現多個查詢語句組合的時候，可以用bool來包含。bool合並聚包含：must，must_not或者should， should表示or的意思
例子：查詢非男性中喜歡旅行的人
GET /school/student/_search?pretty
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": { "match": {"about": "travel"}},
"must_not": {"match": {"sex": "boy"}}
}
}
}
3.4.4、bool的復合查詢中的should
should表示可有可無的（如果should匹配到了就展示，否則就不展示）
例子：
查詢喜歡旅行的，如果有男性的則顯示，否則不顯示
GET /school/student/_search?pretty
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": { "match": {"about": "travel"}},
"should": {"match": {"sex": "boy"}}
}
}
}
3.4.5、term匹配
使用term進行精確匹配（比如數字，日期，布爾值或 not_analyzed的字符串(未經分析的文本數據類型)）
語法
{ "term": { "age": 20 }}
{ "term": { "date": "2018-04-01" }}
{ "term": { "sex": “boy” }}
{ "term": { "about": "trivel" }}
例子：
查詢喜歡旅行的
GET /school/student/_search?pretty
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": { "term": {"about": "travel"}},
"should": {"term": {"sex": "boy"}}
}}
}
3.4.6、使用terms匹配多個值
GET /school/student/_search?pretty
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": { "terms": {"about": ["travel","history"]}}
}
}
}
term主要是用於精確的過濾比如說：”我愛你”
在match下面匹配可以為包含：我、愛、你、我愛等等的解析器
在term語法下面就精准匹配到：”我愛你”
3.4.7、Range過濾
Range過濾允許我們按照指定的范圍查找一些數據：操作范圍：gt::大於，gae::大於等於,lt::小於，lte::小於等於
例子：
查找出大於20歲，小於等於25歲的學生
GET /school/student/_search?pretty
{
"query": {
"range": {
"age": {"gt":20,"lte":25}
}
}
}
}
3.4.8、exists和 missing過濾
exists和missing過濾可以找到文檔中是否包含某個字段或者是沒有某個字段
例子：
查找字段中包含age的文檔
GET /school/student/_search?pretty
{
"query": {
"exists": {
"field": "age"
}
}
}
}
3.4.9、bool的多條件過濾
用bool也可以像之前match一樣來過濾多行條件：
must :: 多個查詢條件的完全匹配,相當於 and 。
must_not :: 多個查詢條件的相反匹配，相當於 not 。
should :: 至少有一個查詢條件匹配, 相當於 or
例子：
過濾出about字段包含travel並且年齡大於20歲小於30歲的同學
GET /school/student/_search?pretty
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{"term": {
"about": {
"value": "travel"
}
}},{"range": {
"age": {
"gte": 20,
"lte": 30
}
}}
]
}
}
}
3.4.10、查詢與過濾條件合並
通常復雜的查詢語句，我們也要配合過濾語句來實現緩存，用filter語句就可以來實現
例子：
查詢出喜歡旅行的，並且年齡是20歲的文檔
GET /school/student/_search?pretty
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": {"match": {"about": "travel"}},
"filter": [{"term":{"age": 20}}]
}
}
}