Oracle JDK 定義中,線程一共有六種狀態
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Thread.State.html
NEW:未啟動狀態
Thread t = new Thread() { @Override public void run() { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()); } }; System.out.println(t.getState().name());
RUNNABLE:可運行狀態
處於可運行狀態的線程正在 Java 虛擬機中執行,但也可能是正在等待來自操作系統資源,例如 CPU。
Thread t = new Thread() { @Override public void run() { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()); } }; t.start(); System.out.println(t.getState().name());
BLOCKED:阻塞狀態
final Object lock = new Object(); Thread t = new Thread() { @Override public void run() { synchronized (lock) { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()); } } }; synchronized (lock) { try { t.start(); Thread.sleep(1000); System.out.println(t.getState().name()); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
WAITING:等待狀態
調用以下方法,使線程處於等待狀態:
Object.wait()、Thread.join()、LockSupport.park()
另一個線程調用以下方法,使線程繼續執行:
notify() 是隨機喚醒的,不同的 JDK 版本,在等待隊列中喚醒的線程,其位置在等待隊列中不同。
JDK1.8 中 notify() 喚醒的是等待隊列中的頭節點(等待時間最長的那個線程)
Object.notify()、 Object.notifyAll()、Thread.join()、LockSupport.unpark(Thread)
final Object lock = new Object(); Thread t = new Thread() { @Override public void run() { try { synchronized (lock) { lock.wait(); System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()); } } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }; t.start(); try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } synchronized (lock) { System.out.println(t.getState().name()); lock.notifyAll(); }
TIMED_WAITING:具有指定時間的等待狀態
調用以下方法,使線程處於指定時間的等待狀態:
Thread.sleep()、Object.wait()、Thread.join()、LockSupport.parkNanos()、LockSupport.parkUntil()
Thread t = new Thread() { @Override public void run() { try { Thread.sleep(2000); System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }; t.start(); try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println(t.getState().name());
TERMINATED:已終止線程的線程狀態或線程已完成執行
Thread t = new Thread() { @Override public void run() { System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()); } }; t.start(); try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println(t.getState().name());
線程的狀態圖