二叉樹的表達式求值


問題描述:

  輸入一個表達式(表達式中的數均為小於10的正整數),利用二叉樹來表示該表達數,創建表達式樹,然后利用二叉樹的遍歷操作求表達式的值。

輸入要求:

  多組數據,每組一行,以‘=’結尾。當輸入只有一個‘=’時, 輸入結束。

輸出要求:

  每組數據輸出一行為表達式的值。

樣例:

  輸入樣例:

  1+2-3*4+(1+2)*3=

  =

  輸出樣例:

  0

  思路:分別用num 隊列來存數,op隊列來存運算符。然后取一個運算符為父節點,取兩個數為子結點。將數疊加后就組成了一顆表達式樹,然后后序遍歷求值即可。

  

#include<iostream>
#include<stack>
#include<queue>

using namespace std;
typedef struct Node* BinTree;
typedef BinTree BT;
// 1+2-3*4+(1+2)*3=
string s;
queue<char> num;
queue<char> op;
struct Node{
    char Data;
    BT Left;
    BT Right;
    int ans;
};

int fact(char c) {
    if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') return 1;
    else return 2;
}
BT createNode(char c){
    BT p = new Node;
    p->Data  = c;
    p->Left = p->Right = NULL;
    if (fact(c) == 1)
        p->ans = c - '0';
    else
        p->ans = 0;
    return p;
}
BT createTree() {
    for (int i = 0; i < s.size() - 1; i++) {
        if(fact(s[i]) == 1) num.push(s[i]);
        else op.push(s[i]);
    }
    BT Head = NULL;
    int flag = 0;     //標記有括號時的情況 
    int sflag = 0;      //處理開始時為括號的情況 
    if(s[0] == '(') sflag = 1;
    while(!op.empty()) {
        char  option;
        option = op.front(); op.pop();
        if (option != '(' && option != ')') {
              BT T = createNode(option);
            if (option == '+' || option == '-') {
                if (flag == 0) {
                    if (Head == NULL) {
                        T->Left = createNode(num.front());
                        num.pop();
                        T->Right = createNode(num.front());
                        num.pop(); 
                    }
                    else {
                        T->Left = Head;
                        T->Right = createNode(num.front());
                        num.pop();
                    }
                    Head = T;
                }
                else {
                    if (Head == NULL) {
                        T->Left = createNode(num.front());
                        num.pop();
                        T->Right = createNode(num.front());
                        num.pop(); 
                        Head = T; 
                    }
                    else {
                        T->Left = Head->Right ;
                        Head->Right = T;
                        T->Right = createNode(num.front());
                        num.pop(); 
                    }
                }
            }
            else if(option == '*' || option == '/') {
                if (flag == 0) {
                    if(Head == NULL) {
                        T->Left = createNode(num.front());
                        num.pop();
                        T->Right = createNode(num.front());
                        num.pop();
                        Head = T; 
                       }
                    else {
                        if(sflag == 1 || Head->Data == '*' || Head->Data == '/') {
                            T->Left = Head;
                            Head = T;
                            T->Right = createNode(num.front());
                            num.pop();
                            sflag =0;
                        }
                        else {
                            T->Left = Head->Right ;
                            Head->Right = T;
                            T->Right = createNode(num.front());
                            num.pop();
                        }
                    }
                }
                if (flag == 1) {
                    if(Head == NULL) {
                        T->Left = createNode(num.front());
                        num.pop();
                        T->Right = createNode(num.front());
                        num.pop();
                        Head = T; 
                       }
                       else {
                           T->Left = Head->Right;
                          Head->Right= T;
                          T->Right = createNode(num.front());
                        num.pop();     
                    }
                }
                
            } 
        }
        else if (option == '('){
            flag = 1;
            //continue;
        } 
        else if (option == ')'){
            flag = 0;
            //continue;
        }
    }
    return Head;
} 
void InorderTraversal_1(BT L){
    if(L){
        InorderTraversal_1(L->Left );
        printf("%d ",L->ans );
        InorderTraversal_1(L->Right );
    }
}
void solve(BT L){
    if(L){
        solve(L->Left );
        solve(L->Right );
        char option = L->Data ;
        if (option == '+') L->ans = L->Left->ans + L->Right->ans ;
        if (option == '-') L->ans = L->Left->ans - L->Right->ans ;
        if (option == '*') L->ans = L->Left->ans * L->Right->ans ;
        if (option == '/') L->ans = L->Left->ans / L->Right->ans ;
        //if(option < '0' || option > '9')
        //    printf("%d %c %d = %d\n", L->Left->ans, option, L->Right->ans, L->ans );
        
    }
}
void InorderTraversal_2(BT L){
    BT T=L;
    stack<BinTree> s;
    while(T||!s.empty()){
        while(T){
            s.push(T);
            T=T->Left ;
        }
        T=s.top();
        s.pop();
        printf("%c ",T->Data );
        T=T->Right ;
    }
}
int main() {
    while(cin >> s && s[0] != '='){
        BT H = createTree();
        //InorderTraversal_2(H);
        //cout << endl;
        
        solve(H);
        //InorderTraversal_1(H);
        //cout << endl;
        cout << H->ans << endl;
    } 
}

  可能我寫的過於復雜,有同學做的比較好

  。。。。。。。。。。。


免責聲明!

本站轉載的文章為個人學習借鑒使用,本站對版權不負任何法律責任。如果侵犯了您的隱私權益,請聯系本站郵箱yoyou2525@163.com刪除。



 
粵ICP備18138465號   © 2018-2025 CODEPRJ.COM