看個例子
1 class CTimer{ 2 public: 3 // 析構函數 4 virtual ~CTimer(){ 5 6 } 7 // 開始 8 void start() 9 { 10 b_exit = false; 11 i = 10; 12 t = new std::thread(&CTimer::run, this); 13 } 14 15 void run() 16 { 17 // Sleep(1000); 18 // i = 800; 19 stop(); 20 return; 21 } 22 23 // 結束 24 void stop() 25 { 26 int lll = i; 27 b_exit = true; 28 if (t->joinable()) 29 { 30 t->join(); 31 } 32 } 33 private: 34 std::thread *t; 35 std::thread *t1; 36 int i; 37 bool b_exit; 38 }; 39 void main(){ 40 CTimer time_test; 41 time_test.start(); 42 //time_test.stop(); 43 system("pause"); 44 }
如圖所示,程序會崩潰,分析了是因為兩個線程都在編輯變量t,子線程調用t時主線程不一定賦值已經完成,就會造成空指針的操作,加鎖可避免這種問題
附一個別人遇到的問題
1 ConsoleUploadFile::ConsoleUploadFile() 2 { 3 ... ... 4 5 std::thread( &ConsoleUploadFile::uploadFile, this); 6 } 7 8 9 10 很奇怪的是,代碼運行到std::thread(...)這句就崩潰了,還沒有跑子線程綁定的函數uploadFile,我開始懷疑不能在構造函數中開線程,就另寫了一個成員函數,但也是運行到std::thread(..)就崩潰。google了一番,沒有進展,只能靠調試了,崩潰的現場是這樣的: 11 12 13 libc++.1.dylib`std::__1::thread::~thread(): 14 15 0x7fff8c2c9984: pushq %rbp 16 17 0x7fff8c2c9985: movq %rsp, %rbp 18 19 0x7fff8c2c9988: cmpq $0, (%rdi) 20 21 0x7fff8c2c998c: jne 0x7fff8c2c9990 ; std::__1::thread::~thread() +12 22 23 0x7fff8c2c998e: popq %rbp 24 25 0x7fff8c2c998f: ret 26 27 0x7fff8c2c9990: callq 0x7fff8c2ca4fc ; symbol stub for: std::terminate() 28 29 0x7fff8c2c9995: nop 30 31 32 仔細看一下,這里怎么會調用thread的析構函數呢?問題就出在這里,直接放一個光溜溜的構造函數,當然會被馬上析構了... 33 34 改成: 35 36 _thread = std::thread( &ConsoleUploadFile::uploadFile, this); 37 38 就可以了,_thread為成員變量。 39 40 41 42 可是,程序退出的時候,又崩潰了,是在析構函數崩潰的 43 44 ConsoleUploadFile::~ConsoleUploadFile() 45 { 46 } 47 48 libc++.1.dylib`std::__1::thread::~thread(): 49 50 0x7fff8c2c9984: pushq %rbp 51 52 0x7fff8c2c9985: movq %rsp, %rbp 53 54 0x7fff8c2c9988: cmpq $0, (%rdi) 55 56 0x7fff8c2c998c: jne 0x7fff8c2c9990 ; std::__1::thread::~thread() +12 57 58 0x7fff8c2c998e: popq %rbp 59 60 0x7fff8c2c998f: ret 61 62 0x7fff8c2c9990: callq 0x7fff8c2ca4fc ; symbol stub for: std::terminate() 63 64 0x7fff8c2c9995: nop 65 66 還是和子線程有關,看來是有什么資源沒有釋放,又是一頓查,原來需要call 一下join(),文檔上是這么說的: 67 68 After a call to this function, the thread object becomes non-joinable and can be destroyed safely. 69 70 71 72 ConsoleUploadFile::~ConsoleUploadFile() 73 { 74 _thread.join(); 75 } 76