實驗二《面向對象程序設計》_實驗報告

一、實驗前期預習准備

Junit的安裝和配置

• 選擇File->Setting打開設置對話框,在設置對話框中選擇Plugins, 單擊Install JetBrains plugin...按鈕打開插件安裝界面：
• 在插件安裝對話框的搜索中輸入junit,單擊JunitGenerator V2.0,單擊右邊綠色的Install1按鈕安裝：
• 結果如下
  

二、實驗內容與主要步驟

提交點1：測試MyUtil類

• 實驗要求
  • 參考 http://www.cnblogs.com/rocedu/p/6371315.html#SECUNITTEST
  • 參考http://www.cnblogs.com/rocedu/p/6736847.html
  • 提交最后三個測試用例都通過的截圖，截圖上要有畫圖加水印，輸入自己的學號。
• 實驗過程
  • 產品代碼

public class MyUtil{
    public static String percentage2fivegrade(int grade){
        //如果成績小於0，轉成“錯誤”
        if ((grade < 0))
            return "錯誤";
            //如果成績小於60，轉成“不及格”
        else if (grade < 60)
            return "不及格";
            //如果成績在60與70之間，轉成“及格”
        else if (grade < 70)
            return "及格";
            //如果成績在70與80之間，轉成“中等”
        else if (grade < 80)
            return "中等";
            //如果成績在80與90之間，轉成“良好”
        else if (grade < 90)
            return "良好";
            //如果成績在90與100之間，轉成“優秀”
        else if (grade <= 100)
            return "優秀";
            //如果成績大於100，轉成“錯誤”
        else
            return "錯誤";
    }
}

- 測試代碼

import org.junit.Test;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
public class MyUtilTest extends TestCase {
    @Test
    public void testNormal() {
        assertEquals("不及格", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(55));
        assertEquals("及格", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(65));
        assertEquals("中等", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(75));
        assertEquals("良好", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(85));
        assertEquals("優秀", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(95));
    }
    @Test
    public void testExceptions() {
        assertEquals("錯誤", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(-55));
        assertEquals("錯誤", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(105));
    }
    @Test
    public void testBoundary() {
        assertEquals("不及格", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(0));
        assertEquals("及格", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(60));
        assertEquals("中等", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(70));
        assertEquals("良好", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(80));
        assertEquals("優秀", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(90));
        assertEquals("優秀", MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(100));
    }
}

• 運行測試結果

提交點2：以TDD的方式研究學習StringBuffer

• 實驗要求
  • 參考 積極主動敲代碼，使用JUnit學習Java （http://www.cnblogs.com/rocedu/p/4837092.html)
  • 參考http://www.cnblogs.com/rocedu/p/6736847.html
  • 以 TDD的方式研究學習StringBuffer，提交你的單元測試用例和測試通過的截圖，截圖要加上學號水印。
• 實驗過程
  • 產品代碼

public class StringBufferDemo {
    public static void main(String [] args){
              StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer(20);
              buffer.append('S');
              buffer.append("tringBuffer");
             System.out.println(buffer.charAt(1));
              System.out.println(buffer.capacity());
       System.out.println(buffer.indexOf("tring"));
        System.out.println("buffer = " + buffer.toString());
        System.out.println(buffer.length());
    }
}

- 測試代碼

import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.junit.Test;
public class StringBufferDemoTest extends TestCase {
    StringBuffer a = new StringBuffer("StringBuffer");
    StringBuffer b = new StringBuffer("StringBufferStringBuffer");
    StringBuffer c = new StringBuffer("StringBufferStringBufferStringBuffer");
    @Test
    public void testcharAt() throws Exception {
    assertEquals('t', a.charAt(1));
    assertEquals('g', a.charAt(5));
    assertEquals('r', a.charAt(11));
    }
    @Test
    public void testcapacity() throws Exception {
        assertEquals(28, a.capacity());
        assertEquals(40, b.capacity());
        assertEquals(52, c.capacity());
    }
    @Test
    public void testlength() throws Exception {
        assertEquals(12, a.length());
        assertEquals(24, b.length());
        assertEquals(36, c.length());
    }
    @Test
    public void testindexOf() throws Exception {
        assertEquals(0, a.indexOf("Str"));
        assertEquals(5, b.indexOf("gBu"));
        assertEquals(8, c.indexOf("ffer"));
    }
}

• 實驗結果截圖
  

提交點3：對設計模式示例進行擴充

• 實驗要求
  • 參考http://www.cnblogs.com/rocedu/p/6736847.html
  • 對設計模式示例進行擴充，體會OCP原則和DIP原則的應用，初步理解設計模式
    • 用自己的學號%6進行取余運算，根據結果進行代碼擴充：
    • 0： 讓系統支持Byte類，並在MyDoc類中添加測試代碼表明添加正確，提交測試代碼和運行結的截圖，加上學號水印
    • 1： 讓系統支持Short類，並在MyDoc類中添加測試代碼表明添加正確，提交測試代碼和運行結的截圖，加上學號水印
    • 2： 讓系統支持Boolean類，並在MyDoc類中添加測試代碼表明添加正確，提交測試代碼和運行結的截圖，加上學號水印
    • 3： 讓系統支持Long類，並在MyDoc類中添加測試代碼表明添加正確，提交測試代碼和運行結的截圖，加上學號水印
    • 4： 讓系統支持Float類，並在MyDoc類中添加測試代碼表明添加正確，提交測試代碼和運行結的截圖，加上學號水印
    • 5： 讓系統支持Double類，並在MyDoc類中添加測試代碼表明添加正確，提交測試代碼和運行結的截圖，加上學號水印
• 實驗代碼

abstract class Data {
    abstract public void DisplayValue();
}
class Integer extends  Data {
    int value;
    Integer() {
        value=20175226%6;
    }
    public void DisplayValue(){
        System.out.println (value);
    }
}
class Byte extends  Data {
   byte value;
   Byte() {
        value=20175226%6;
    }
    public void DisplayValue(){
        System.out.println (value);
    }
}
class Short extends  Data {
    short value;
    Short() {
        value=20175226%6;
    }
    public void DisplayValue(){
        System.out.println (value);
    }
}
class Boolean extends  Data {
    boolean value;
    Boolean() {
        value=20175226%6==4;
    }
    public void DisplayValue(){
        System.out.println (value);
    }
}
class Long extends  Data {
    long value;
    Long() {
        value=20175226;
    }
    public void DisplayValue(){
        System.out.println (value);
    }
}
class Double extends  Data {
    double value;
    Double() {
        value=20175226%6;
    }
    public void DisplayValue(){
        System.out.println (value);
    }
}
class Float extends  Data {
    float value;
    Float() {
        value=20175226%6;
    }
    public void DisplayValue(){
        System.out.println (value);
    }
}
// Pattern Classes
abstract class Factory {
    abstract public Data CreateDataObject();
}
class IntFactory extends Factory {
    public Data CreateDataObject(){
        return new Integer();
    }
}
class ByteFactory extends Factory {
    public Data CreateDataObject(){
        return new Byte();
    }
}
class ShortFactory extends Factory {
    public Data CreateDataObject(){
        return new Short();
    }
}
class BoolenFactory extends Factory {
    public Data CreateDataObject(){
        return new Boolean();
    }
}
class LongFactory extends Factory {
    public Data CreateDataObject(){
        return new Long();
    }
}
class DoubletFactory extends Factory {
    public Data CreateDataObject(){
        return new Double();
    }
}
class FloatFactory extends Factory {
    public Data CreateDataObject(){
        return new Float();
    }
}
//Client classes
class Document {
    Data pd;
    Document(Factory pf){
        pd = pf.CreateDataObject();
    }
    public void DisplayData(){
        pd.DisplayValue();
    }
}
//Test class
public class MyDoc {
    static Document d;
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        d = new Document(new IntFactory());
        d.DisplayData();
        d = new Document(new ByteFactory());
        d.DisplayData();
        d = new Document(new ShortFactory());
        d.DisplayData();
        d = new Document(new BoolenFactory());
        d.DisplayData();
        d = new Document(new LongFactory());
        d.DisplayData();
        d = new Document(new DoubletFactory());
        d.DisplayData();
        d = new Document(new FloatFactory());
        d.DisplayData();
    }
}

• 實驗結果
  

提交點4：以TDD的方式開發一個復數類Complex

• 實驗要求
  • 方式開發一個復數類Complex
• 代碼要求

// 定義屬性並生成getter,setter
double RealPart;
double ImagePart;
// 定義構造函數
public Complex()
public Complex(double R,double I)

//Override Object
public boolean equals(Object obj)
public String toString()

// 定義公有方法:加減乘除
Complex ComplexAdd(Complex a)
Complex ComplexSub(Complex a)
Complex ComplexMulti(Complex a)
Complex ComplexDiv(Complex a)

- 產品代碼

public class Complex {
    // 定義屬性並生成getter,setter
    double RealPart;
    double ImagePart;
    // 定義構造函數
    public Complex(){
        RealPart = 0;
        ImagePart = 1;
    }
    public Complex(double R,double I){
        ImagePart = I;
        RealPart = R;
    }

    //Override Object
    public boolean equals(Object obj){
        if(this == obj) {
            return true;
        }
        if(!(obj instanceof Complex)) {
            return false;
        }
        Complex complex = (Complex) obj;
        if(complex.RealPart != ((Complex) obj).RealPart) {
            return false;
        }
        if(complex.ImagePart != ((Complex) obj).ImagePart) {
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }
    public String toString()   {
        String string = "";
        if (ImagePart > 0)
            string =  RealPart + "+" + ImagePart + "i";
        if (ImagePart == 0)
            string =  RealPart + "";
        if (ImagePart < 0)
            string = RealPart + " " + ImagePart + "i";
        return string;
    }
    // 定義公有方法:加減乘除
    Complex ComplexAdd(Complex a) {
        double b=0,c=0;
        b = RealPart+a.RealPart;
        c = ImagePart+a.ImagePart;
        System.out.println("("+RealPart+"+"+ImagePart+"i) + ("+a.RealPart+"+"+a.ImagePart+") = "+b+"+"+c+"i");
        return  new Complex(b,c);
    }
    Complex ComplexSub(Complex a) {
        double b=0,c=0;
        b = RealPart-a.RealPart;
        c = ImagePart-a.ImagePart;
        System.out.println("("+RealPart+"+"+ImagePart+"i) - ("+a.RealPart+"+"+a.ImagePart+") = "+b+"+"+c+"i");
        return  new Complex(b,c);
    }
    Complex ComplexMulti(Complex a) {
        double b=0,c=0;
        b = RealPart*a.RealPart;
        c = ImagePart*a.ImagePart;
        System.out.println("("+RealPart+"+"+ImagePart+"i) * ("+a.RealPart+"+"+a.ImagePart+") = "+b+"+"+c+"i");
        return  new Complex(b,c);
    }
    Complex ComplexDiv(Complex a) {
        if(a.RealPart==0||a.ImagePart==0) {
            System.out.println("被除數不能為0，錯誤");
            return new Complex();
        }

        double d = Math.sqrt(a.RealPart*a.RealPart)+Math.sqrt(a.ImagePart*a.ImagePart);
        double b=0,c=0;
        b = (RealPart*a.RealPart+ImagePart*a.ImagePart)/d;
        c = Math.round((RealPart*a.ImagePart-ImagePart*a.RealPart)/d);
        System.out.println("("+RealPart+"+"+ImagePart+"i) / ("+a.RealPart+"+"+a.ImagePart+") = "+b+"+"+c+"i");
        return  new Complex(b,c);
    }
}

- 測試代碼

import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.junit.Test;
public class ComplexTest extends TestCase {
    Complex complex = new Complex(1, 1);
    @Test
    public void testAdd() {
        assertEquals(new Complex(3.0, 3.0), complex.ComplexAdd(new Complex(2.0, 2.0)));
    }
    @Test
    public void testSub() {
        assertEquals(new Complex(-5.0, -2.0), complex.ComplexSub(new Complex(6.0, 3.0)));
    }
    @Test
    public void testMulti() {
        assertEquals(new Complex(3.0, 2.0), complex.ComplexMulti(new Complex(3.0, 2.0)));
    }
    @Test
    public void testDiv() {
        assertEquals(new Complex(1.0, 1.0), complex.ComplexDiv(new Complex(1.0, 1.0)));
        assertEquals(new Complex(0.0, 0.0), complex.ComplexDiv(new Complex(1.0, 0.0)));
        //邊緣測試
    }
}

• 結果截圖
  

提交點5：類圖

實驗中碰到的問題

• 問題1：在第二個提交點寫測試類時，測試charAt方法時我寫的語句是

public void testcharAt() throws Exception {
    assertEquals("t", a.charAt(1));
    assertEquals("g", a.charAt(5));
    assertEquals("r", a.charAt(11));
    }

結果發現怎么樣測試都是紅色條，不通過。

• 問題1解決過程：經過反復測試我將測試的代碼換成了下面這樣才能通過

    public void testcharAt() throws Exception {
    assertEquals('t', a.charAt(1));
    assertEquals('g', a.charAt(5));
    assertEquals('r', a.charAt(11));
    }

這個問題體現了一些我們的細節，像兩個字符串比較一樣，雖然" s "和' s '看起來內容一模一樣但事實上兩者比較起來兩者之間有很大差異。兩者占用的內存空間就不一樣至少會有"\0".所以顯而易見字符可以被視為長度為1的字符串這個想法是錯誤的。

(代碼托管)[https://gitee.com/wpyzka/20175226/tree/master/src/shiyan2]

步驟	耗時	百分比
需求分析	10min	5.7%
設計	25min	14.7%
代碼實現	80min	47.1%
測試	10min	5.7%
分析總結	45min	26.5%