0x00 MHN蜜罐介紹
MHN（Modern Honey Network）：開源蜜罐，簡化蜜罐的部署，同時便於收集和統計蜜罐的數據。用ThreatStream來部署，數據存儲在MOngoDB中，安裝了入侵檢測系統的部署傳感器Snort、Kippo、Conpot和Dionaea。收集的信息可以通過Web接口進行展示。據官方說法，目前經測試支持部署MHN服務器的系統有Ubuntu 14.04, Ubuntu 16.04, Centos 6.9
github地址（https://github.com/threatstream/mh）
0x01 支持蜜罐類型
- Snort
- Suricata
- Dionaea
- Conpot
- Kippo
- Amun
- Glastopf
- WordPot
- ShaockPot
- P0f
0x02 MHN架構
0x03 MHN安裝與使用
1.Ubuntu安裝MHN管理端
# 操作系統：ubuntu16.04系統更新和自動化腳本安裝
sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade -y sudo apt-get install git -y cd /opt sudo git clone https://github.com/threatstream/mhn.git cd mhn / sudo ./install.sh
# 配置服務器信息，這里的郵箱與密碼就是安裝完成后的Web后台密碼
Do you wish to run in Debug mode?: y/n n Superuser email: root@backlion.org Superuser password: (again): Server base url ["http://155.138.147.248"]: Honeymap url [":3000"]: http://155.138.147.248:3000 Mail server address ["localhost"]: Mail server port [25]: Use TLS for email?: y/n n Use SSL for email?: y/n n Mail server username [""]: Mail server password [""]: Mail default sender [""]: Path for log file ["/var/log/mhn/mhn.log"]: Would you like to integrate with Splunk? (y/n)n Would you like to install ELK? (y/n)n
# 配置splunk與ELK，我這里選擇不配置
2.MHN配置
2.1 agent部署蜜罐
在Deploy選項中，選擇我們需要部署的蜜罐類型，復制部署腳本進行安裝。
如部署conpot蜜罐,在其系統中執行以下腳本:
wget "http://155.138.147.248/api/script/?text=true&script_id=15" -O deploy.sh && sudo bash deploy.sh http://155.138.147.248 lfDWqAN
2.2 集成Splunk與ArcSight
Splunk
cd /opt/mhn/scripts/
sudo ./install_hpfeeds-logger-splunk.sh
sudo ./install_splunk_universalforwarder.sh
tail -f /var/log/mhn/mhn-splunk.log
這會將事件作為值記錄到/var/log/mhn-splunk.log。SplunkUniveralForwarder應該監視此日志
Arcsight
cd /opt/mhn/scripts/ sudo ./install_hpfeeds-logger-arcsight.sh tail -f /var/log/mhn/mhn-arcsight.log
2.3禁止數據上報
MHN Server會默認將分析數據上報給Anomali，如果需要禁用此配置，運行如下命令：
cd mhn/scripts/
sudo ./disable_collector.sh
3.利用MHN部署蜜罐
SSH蜜罐測試
# 蜜罐部署機器：155.138.151.176
# 部署蜜罐：dionaea
wget "http://155.138.147.248/api/script/?text=true&script_id=4" -O deploy.sh && sudo bash deploy.sh http://155.138.147.248 lfDWqANT
# 嘗試暴力破解攻擊
hydra -l root -P password.txt mssql://155.138.151.176
4.界面功能展示
1.如下圖界面展示了攻擊者的源IP地址以及目的端口和所屬協議以及蜜罐類型等攻擊報告信息。
2.如下圖列出了攻擊載荷報告信息（傳感器，源IP地址，目的端口等信息）
3.可以看到下圖列出了已安裝的agent傳感器
4.下圖分別列出攻擊者TOP的用戶名和密碼字典等展示圖
5.打開以下連接地址可以看到實時的攻擊圖（honeymap)
0x05 系統排錯以及安全設置
1.查看系統運行狀態
root@mhn:/opt/mhn/scripts# sudo /etc/init.d/nginx status #查看nginx狀態 * nginx is running root@mhn:/opt/mhn/scripts# sudo /etc/init.d/supervisor status #查看supervisor 狀態 is running root@mhn:/opt/mhn/scripts#sudo supervisorctl status #查看所有蜜罐系統組件運行狀態 geoloc RUNNING pid 31443, uptime 0:00:12 honeymap RUNNING pid 30826, uptime 0:08:54 hpfeeds-broker RUNNING pid 10089, uptime 0:36:42 mhn-celery-beat RUNNING pid 29909, uptime 0:18:41 mhn-celery-worker RUNNING pid 29910, uptime 0:18:41 mhn-collector RUNNING pid 7872, uptime 0:18:41 mhn-uwsgi RUNNING pid 29911, uptime 0:18:41 mnemosyne RUNNING pid 28173, uptime 0:30:08 root@mhn:/opt/mhn/scripts#sudo supervisorctl restart all #重啟所有蜜罐系組件系統命令 正常情況各服務的狀態如下： geoloc RUNNING pid 31443, uptime 0:00:12 honeymap RUNNING pid 30826, uptime 0:08:54 hpfeeds-broker RUNNING pid 10089, uptime 0:36:42 mhn-celery-beat RUNNING pid 29909, uptime 0:18:41 mhn-celery-worker RUNNING pid 29910, uptime 0:18:41 mhn-collector RUNNING pid 7872, uptime 0:18:41 mhn-uwsgi RUNNING pid 29911, uptime 0:18:41 mnemosyne RUNNING pid 28173, uptime 0:30:08
2.honeymap 的狀態為FATAL解決方法
先刪除舊版本的golang sudo rm -rf /usr/bin/go sudo apt-get remove golang-go sudo apt-get remove --auto-remove golang-go 安裝golang，如果apt-get install golang安裝，后面會因為golang版本低而報錯，所以直接下載編譯后的包 wget https://storage.googleapis.com/golang/go1.9.linux-amd64.tar.gz 解壓，然后進行以下配置 sudo tar -xzf go1.9.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr//local/ //注意包名要改和自己一樣的 導入環境變量： export GOROOT=/usr/local/go export GOARCH=amd64 export GOOS=linux export GOBIN=$GOROOT/bin/ export GOTOOLS=$GOROOT/pkg/tool/ export PATH=$GOBIN:$GOTOOLS:$PATH 安裝依賴插件net並重新啟動所有蜜罐系統組件 cd /opt/honeymap/server export GOPATH=/opt/honeymap/server mkdir -p $GOPATH/src/golang.org/x/ cd $GOPATH/src/golang.org/x/ git clone https://github.com/golang/net.git net go install net sudo supervisorctl restart all
3.mhn-celery-worker的狀態為FATAL解決方法
cd /var/log/mhn/ sudo chmod 777 mhn.log sudo supervisorctl start mhn-celery-worker 如果還不行 cd /var/log/mhn/ #查看celery-worker的錯誤日志 tail -f mhn-celery-worker.err 提示的具體錯誤內容如下 worker.err supervisor: couldn't chdir to /root/mhn/server: EACCES supervisor: child process was not spawned） 改變root跟目錄權限 chmod 777 -R /root # 改下權限
4.手動密碼重置
如果基於電子郵件的密碼重置不適合您，這是另一種方法。
# cd /opt/mhn/server/server/ #apt install sqlite3 # sqlite3 mhn.db SQLite version 3.7.9 2011-11-01 00:52:41 Enter ".help" for instructions Enter SQL statements terminated with a ";" sqlite> select * from user; 1|USERNAME@SITE.com|sklfdjhkasdlfhklsadhfklasdhfkldsahklsd|1| sqlite>.quit $ cd /opt/mhn/server/ $ source env/bin/activate $ cd server $ python manual_password_reset.py Enter email address: YOUR_USER@YOUR_SITE.com Enter new password: Enter new password (again): user found, updating password
5.網絡排查
$ sudo netstat -luntp #查看網絡端口開放情況 Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 561/sshd tcp6 0 0 :::21 :::* LISTEN 3763/dionaea tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 561/sshd tcp6 0 0 :::1433 :::* LISTEN 3763/dionaea tcp6 0 0 :::443 :::* LISTEN 3763/dionaea tcp6 0 0 :::445 :::* LISTEN 3763/dionaea tcp6 0 0 :::5060 :::* LISTEN 3763/dionaea tcp6 0 0 :::5061 :::* LISTEN 3763/dionaea tcp6 0 0 :::135 :::* LISTEN 3763/dionaea tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 3763/dionaea tcp6 0 0 :::42 :::* LISTEN 3763/dionaea tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 3763/dionaea udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* 464/dhclient3 udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:40077 0.0.0.0:* 3763/dionaea udp6 0 0 :::5060 :::* 3763/dionaea udp6 0 0 :::69 :::* 3763/dionaea $ sudo iptables -L #查看防火牆規則狀態 Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination $ sudo tcpdump -nnNN tcp port 10000 #監聽tcp 10000數據通信信息 tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 16:46:14.009646 IP 1.2.3.4.42873 > 5.6.6.8.10000: Flags [P.], seq 1180349317:1180349611, ack 2474834734, win 913, options [nop,nop,TS val 85084174 ecr 169636000], length 294 16:46:14.012967 IP 5.6.6.8.10000 > 1.2.3.4.42873: Flags [.], ack 294, win 162, options [nop,nop,TS val 169661444 ecr 85084174], length 0 # netstat -luntp | grep 10000 #查看端口10000的狀態 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 980/python $sudo tail -f hpfeeds-broker.err #查看hpfeeds-broker錯誤信息 INFO:root:Auth success by mnemosyne. INFO:root:Auth success by mnemosyne. INFO:root:Auth success by mnemosyne. INFO:root:Auth success by mnemosyne. INFO:root:Auth success by mnemosyne. INFO:root:Auth success by mnemosyne. INFO:root:Auth success by cb5a36e8-55e8-11e9-a746-560001faa574. INFO:root:Auth success by cb5a36e8-55e8-11e9-a746-560001faa574. INFO:root:Auth success by mnemosyne. INFO:root:Auth success by mnemosyne. $sudo mongo hpfeeds MongoDB shell version v3.4.20 connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/hpfeeds MongoDB server version: 3.4.20 Welcome to the MongoDB shell. For interactive help, type "help". For more comprehensive documentation, see http://docs.mongodb.org/ Questions? Try the support group http://groups.google.com/group/mongodb-user Server has startup warnings: 2019-04-03T07:28:15.543+0000 I STORAGE [initandlisten] 2019-04-03T07:28:15.543+0000 I STORAGE [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Using the XFS filesystem is strongly recommended with the WiredTiger storage engine 2019-04-03T07:28:15.543+0000 I STORAGE [initandlisten] ** See http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/prodnotes-filesystem 2019-04-03T07:28:15.579+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2019-04-03T07:28:15.579+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Access control is not enabled for the database. 2019-04-03T07:28:15.579+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted. 2019-04-03T07:28:15.579+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2019-04-03T07:28:15.579+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2019-04-03T07:28:15.579+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'. 2019-04-03T07:28:15.579+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] **
6.設置通過HTTPS訪問MHN以及端口開放安全
將生成的SSL密鑰文件復制到/etc/ssl/private/
將下面的配置復制到/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/mhn-https
server { listen 80; listen 443 ssl; server_name _; ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/private/mhn.pem; ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/private/mhn-priv.key; if ($ssl_protocol = "") { rewrite ^ https://$host$request_uri? permanent; } location / { try_files $uri @mhnserver; } root /opt/www; location @mhnserver { include uwsgi_params; uwsgi_pass unix:/tmp/uwsgi.sock; } location /static { alias /opt/mhn/server/mhn/static; } }
/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/honeymap-https
map $http_upgrade $connection_upgrade { default upgrade; '' close; } server { listen 8443 ssl; ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/private/mhn.pem; ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/private/mhn-priv.key; root /opt/honeymap/client; index index.html index.htm; server_name _; location / { try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; } location /data/ { proxy_pass http://localhost:3000; proxy_http_version 1.1; proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade; proxy_set_header Connection $connection_upgrade; } }
/etc/nginx/sites-available/splunk-https
map $http_upgrade $connection_upgrade { default upgrade; '' close; } server { listen 8001 ssl; ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/private/mhn.pem; ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/private/mhn-priv.key; root /tmp; index index.html index.htm; server_name _; location / { proxy_pass http://localhost:8000; proxy_http_version 1.1; proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade; proxy_set_header Connection $connection_upgrade; } }
需要啟用以下端口並允許MHN服務器上的防火牆規則運行，所有其他端口都可以被阻止。
TCP：443 TCP：3000
7.備份數據
在MHN服務器上進行備份數據
sudo su - supervisorctl stop all mongodump --db hpfeeds mongodump --db mnemosyne tar zcvf mhn-backup.tar.gz dump /opt/mhn/server/mhn.db supervisorctl start all
復制mhn-backup.tar.gz安全的地方
8.數據恢復
使用install.sh進行安裝MHN ，然后將mhn-backup.tar.gz復制到/tmp/目錄下並運行以下命
sudo su - supervisorctl stop all cd /tmp tar zxvf mhn-backup.tar.gz cp /opt/mhn/server/mhn.db /opt/mhn/server/mhn.db service mongod start
dump.sh腳本：
for FILE in dump/mnemosyne/*.bson; do mongorestore --drop --db mnemosyne "$FILE" done for FILE in dump/hpfeeds/*.bson; do mongorestore --drop --db hpfeeds "$FILE" done
supervisorctl start all
0x06 總結
使用
- 蜜罐可以存在於各種場景之中（機房、內網、雲環境）；
- 蜜罐產品的思考應該是在防火牆、入侵檢測之后，屬於提高企業安全水平的輔助產品；
- 蜜罐主要部署在企業內網，起到預警與了解攻擊中入侵的情況的作用，如：發現員工PC中毒對內網的入侵、轉移攻擊者注意力等等；
- 蜜罐不能設置的太過簡單，也不能設置太過復雜；
優點
- 內置集成大量的蜜罐系統，且提供一鍵部署蜜罐的方式；
- 支持蜜罐攻擊效果圖展示，與ArcSight或Splunk集成友好；
缺點
- 部署時間需要很長時間（不算缺點吧，網速給力情況下不存在這個問題）；
- 不支持對蜜罐的集中管理；
0x07 參考資料
Build Your Own Honeypot Network In Under An Hour
https://www.cnblogs.com/Eleven-Liu/p/9284417.html
https://libraries.io/github/threatstream/mhn
https://github.com/threatstream/mhn/