1.1 EPEL
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux (or EPEL) is a Fedora Special Interest Group that creates, maintains, and manages a high quality set of additional packages for Enterprise Linux, including, but not limited to, Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), CentOS and Scientific Linux (SL), Oracle Linux (OL). 簡言之，EPEL是專門為RHEL、CentOS等Linux發行版提供額外rpm包的。很多os中沒有或比較舊的rpm，在epel倉庫中可以找到。 例如配置阿里雲的epel： rpm -ivh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-6.noarch.rpm rpm -ivh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
1.2 IUS
在kernel.org內，清楚地說明了IUS項目是干什么的：
IUS is a community project that provides RPM packages for newer versions of select software for Enterprise Linux distributions. Project Goals Create high quality RPM packages for Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) and CentOS. Promptly release updated RPM packages once new versions are released by the upstream developers. No automatic replacement of stock RPM packages.
IUS只為RHEL和CentOS這兩個發行版提供較新版本的rpm包。如果在os或epel找不到某個軟件的新版rpm，軟件官方又只提供源代碼包的時候，可以來ius源中找，幾乎都能找到。例如haproxy，在CentOS 6的epel中只有1.5版本的，但ius中卻提供了1.6和1.7版本。
IUS源的站點根目錄：https://dl.iuscommunity.org/pub/ius/。
IUS提供4個分支的rpm包：stable、archive、development和testing。顯然，我們應該選擇stable分支的包。
配置IUS源
官方源
rpm -ivh https://rhel5.iuscommunity.org/ius-release.rpm # RHEL 5 rpm -ivh https://rhel6.iuscommunity.org/ius-release.rpm # RHEL 6 rpm -ivh https://rhel7.iuscommunity.org/ius-release.rpm # RHEL 7 rpm -ivh https://centos5.iuscommunity.org/ius-release.rpm # CentOS 5 rpm -ivh https://centos6.iuscommunity.org/ius-release.rpm # CentOS 6 rpm -ivh https://centos7.iuscommunity.org/ius-release.rpm # CentOS 7 rpm安裝ius-release.rpm時，依賴於epel。所以必須先安裝epel源。注意，這是包的依賴關系，因此必須是安裝了epel，而不是僅僅在repo文件中配置了epel源。 yum -y install epel-release
安裝后，建議修改為國內ius源。在https://mirrors.iuscommunity.org/mirrors內可以查看到IUS項目的mirrorlist中所有的IUS站點。 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ius/stable/CentOS/6/$basearch # CentOS 6 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ius/stable/Redhat/6/$basearch # RHEL 6 https://mirrors.tongji.edu.cn/ius/stable/CentOS/6/$basearch # CentOS 6 https://mirrors.tongji.edu.cn/ius/stable/Redhat/6/$basearch # RHEL 6
一鍵安裝Python3.6
yum install https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ius/ius-release-el7.rpm -y yum install -y python36u #yum install -y python36u-pip ln -s /usr/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python3 ln -s /usr/bin/pip3.6 /usr/bin/pip3 mkdir ~/.pip echo "[global]" > ~/.pip/pip.conf echo "index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple" >>~/.pip/pip.conf
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ius/stable/CentOS/7/x86_64/ius-release-1.0-15.ius.centos7.noarch.rpm
或者去直接下載安裝ius 的repo包
elrepo
提供了比較新的DRBD、NVIDIA驅動等。
#wget http://elrepo.org/linux/elrepo/el7/x86_64/RPMS/elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm
Import the public key: rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org (external link) Detailed info on the GPG key used by the ELRepo Project can be found on https://www.elrepo.org/tiki/key (external link) If you have a system with Secure Boot enabled, please see the SecureBootKey page for more information. To install ELRepo for RHEL-7, SL-7 or CentOS-7: yum install https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm (external link) To make use of our mirror system, please also install yum-plugin-fastestmirror. To install ELRepo for RHEL-6, SL-6 or CentOS-6: yum install https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-6-8.el6.elrepo.noarch.rpm (external link) To make use of our mirror system, please also install yum-plugin-fastestmirror.
mysql rpm安裝包
根據鏈接查找對應版本的包 # 官方repo網址 http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/x86_64/
mysql-5.6 # 更新鏈接 rpm -iv hhttp://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm # release 為更新記錄，安裝該rpm,即可自動解決依賴去安裝mysql yum install mysql-community-server