1.1 EPEL
Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux (or EPEL) is a Fedora Special Interest Group that creates, maintains, and manages a high quality set of additional packages for Enterprise Linux, including, but not limited to, Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), CentOS and Scientific Linux (SL), Oracle Linux (OL). 简言之，EPEL是专门为RHEL、CentOS等Linux发行版提供额外rpm包的。很多os中没有或比较旧的rpm，在epel仓库中可以找到。 例如配置阿里云的epel： rpm -ivh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-6.noarch.rpm rpm -ivh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
1.2 IUS
在kernel.org内，清楚地说明了IUS项目是干什么的：
IUS is a community project that provides RPM packages for newer versions of select software for Enterprise Linux distributions. Project Goals Create high quality RPM packages for Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) and CentOS. Promptly release updated RPM packages once new versions are released by the upstream developers. No automatic replacement of stock RPM packages.
IUS只为RHEL和CentOS这两个发行版提供较新版本的rpm包。如果在os或epel找不到某个软件的新版rpm，软件官方又只提供源代码包的时候，可以来ius源中找，几乎都能找到。例如haproxy，在CentOS 6的epel中只有1.5版本的，但ius中却提供了1.6和1.7版本。
IUS源的站点根目录：https://dl.iuscommunity.org/pub/ius/。
IUS提供4个分支的rpm包：stable、archive、development和testing。显然，我们应该选择stable分支的包。
配置IUS源
官方源
rpm -ivh https://rhel5.iuscommunity.org/ius-release.rpm # RHEL 5 rpm -ivh https://rhel6.iuscommunity.org/ius-release.rpm # RHEL 6 rpm -ivh https://rhel7.iuscommunity.org/ius-release.rpm # RHEL 7 rpm -ivh https://centos5.iuscommunity.org/ius-release.rpm # CentOS 5 rpm -ivh https://centos6.iuscommunity.org/ius-release.rpm # CentOS 6 rpm -ivh https://centos7.iuscommunity.org/ius-release.rpm # CentOS 7 rpm安装ius-release.rpm时，依赖于epel。所以必须先安装epel源。注意，这是包的依赖关系，因此必须是安装了epel，而不是仅仅在repo文件中配置了epel源。 yum -y install epel-release
安装后，建议修改为国内ius源。在https://mirrors.iuscommunity.org/mirrors内可以查看到IUS项目的mirrorlist中所有的IUS站点。 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ius/stable/CentOS/6/$basearch # CentOS 6 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ius/stable/Redhat/6/$basearch # RHEL 6 https://mirrors.tongji.edu.cn/ius/stable/CentOS/6/$basearch # CentOS 6 https://mirrors.tongji.edu.cn/ius/stable/Redhat/6/$basearch # RHEL 6
一键安装Python3.6
yum install https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ius/ius-release-el7.rpm -y yum install -y python36u #yum install -y python36u-pip ln -s /usr/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python3 ln -s /usr/bin/pip3.6 /usr/bin/pip3 mkdir ~/.pip echo "[global]" > ~/.pip/pip.conf echo "index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple" >>~/.pip/pip.conf
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ius/stable/CentOS/7/x86_64/ius-release-1.0-15.ius.centos7.noarch.rpm
或者去直接下载安装ius 的repo包
elrepo
提供了比较新的DRBD、NVIDIA驱动等。
#wget http://elrepo.org/linux/elrepo/el7/x86_64/RPMS/elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm
Import the public key: rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org (external link) Detailed info on the GPG key used by the ELRepo Project can be found on https://www.elrepo.org/tiki/key (external link) If you have a system with Secure Boot enabled, please see the SecureBootKey page for more information. To install ELRepo for RHEL-7, SL-7 or CentOS-7: yum install https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm (external link) To make use of our mirror system, please also install yum-plugin-fastestmirror. To install ELRepo for RHEL-6, SL-6 or CentOS-6: yum install https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-6-8.el6.elrepo.noarch.rpm (external link) To make use of our mirror system, please also install yum-plugin-fastestmirror.
mysql rpm安装包
根据链接查找对应版本的包 # 官方repo网址 http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/x86_64/
mysql-5.6 # 更新链接 rpm -iv hhttp://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm # release 为更新记录，安装该rpm,即可自动解决依赖去安装mysql yum install mysql-community-server