一、函數的引出
首先是這個函數在筆試的時候經常會被問到，另一個就是C庫實現的一些技巧以及這個函數本身的一些保證。
二、說明
memmove的說明：將src拷貝到dst，其語義等價於首先將源拷貝到一個和目的、源都不搭的空間中，然后將這個中間空間的內存拷貝到目的空間。
這里最重要的就是當源和目的之間有重合的時候，memmove保證目的是源的一個完整的重復，這一點在源和目的在長度范圍內有重合的時候就比較有意義。
三、GLIBC的實現
rettype
memmove (a1, a2, len)
a1const void *a1;
a2const void *a2;
size_t len;
{
unsigned long int dstp = (long int) dest;
unsigned long int srcp = (long int) src;
/* This test makes the forward copying code be used whenever possible.
Reduces the working set. */
if (dstp - srcp >= len) /* *Unsigned* compare! */ 這里非常詭異而巧妙，是兩個無符號數的比較。
{
/* Copy from the beginning to the end. */
/* If there not too few bytes to copy, use word copy. */
if (len >= OP_T_THRES)
{
/* Copy just a few bytes to make DSTP aligned. */
len -= (-dstp) % OPSIZ;
BYTE_COPY_FWD (dstp, srcp, (-dstp) % OPSIZ);
/* Copy whole pages from SRCP to DSTP by virtual address
manipulation, as much as possible. */
PAGE_COPY_FWD_MAYBE (dstp, srcp, len, len);
/* Copy from SRCP to DSTP taking advantage of the known
alignment of DSTP. Number of bytes remaining is put
in the third argument, i.e. in LEN. This number may
vary from machine to machine. */
WORD_COPY_FWD (dstp, srcp, len, len);
/* Fall out and copy the tail. */
}
/* There are just a few bytes to copy. Use byte memory operations. */
BYTE_COPY_FWD (dstp, srcp, len);
}
else
{
/* Copy from the end to the beginning. */
srcp += len;
dstp += len;
/* If there not too few bytes to copy, use word copy. */
if (len >= OP_T_THRES)
{
/* Copy just a few bytes to make DSTP aligned. */
len -= dstp % OPSIZ;
BYTE_COPY_BWD (dstp, srcp, dstp % OPSIZ);
/* Copy from SRCP to DSTP taking advantage of the known
alignment of DSTP. Number of bytes remaining is put
in the third argument, i.e. in LEN. This number may
vary from machine to machine. */
WORD_COPY_BWD (dstp, srcp, len, len);
/* Fall out and copy the tail. */
}
/* There are just a few bytes to copy. Use byte memory operations. */
BYTE_COPY_BWD (dstp, srcp, len);
}
RETURN (dest);
}