上一篇寫了安裝mosQuitto和測試,但是用cmd命令很麻煩,有沒有一個可視化軟件呢? 有,需要在google瀏覽器下載一個叫MQTTLens的插件
打開MQTTLens后界面如下:
打開connections后面的加號,就可以連接
綠色,說明連接成功,在Subscribe下添加訂閱的topic名稱(這里就寫topic了) 點擊subscribe 完成訂閱
網上找了個java的測試代碼,進行連接測試
pom.xml 引入包:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.eclipse.paho</groupId>
<artifactId>org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3</artifactId>
<version>1.0.2</version>
</dependency>
package mqtt;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClient;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttTopic;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;
public class ClientMQTT {
public static final String HOST = "tcp://localhost:1883";
public static final String TOPIC = "topic";
private static final String clientid = "client11";
private MqttClient client;
private MqttConnectOptions options;
private String userName = "admin";
private String passWord = "admin";
private ScheduledExecutorService scheduler;
private void start() {
try {
// host為主機名,clientid即連接MQTT的客戶端ID,一般以唯一標識符表示,MemoryPersistence設置clientid的保存形式,默認為以內存保存
client = new MqttClient(HOST, clientid, new MemoryPersistence());
// MQTT的連接設置
options = new MqttConnectOptions();
// 設置是否清空session,這里如果設置為false表示服務器會保留客戶端的連接記錄,這里設置為true表示每次連接到服務器都以新的身份連接
options.setCleanSession(true);
// 設置連接的用戶名
options.setUserName(userName);
// 設置連接的密碼
options.setPassword(passWord.toCharArray());
// 設置超時時間 單位為秒
options.setConnectionTimeout(10);
// 設置會話心跳時間 單位為秒 服務器會每隔1.5*20秒的時間向客戶端發送個消息判斷客戶端是否在線,但這個方法並沒有重連的機制
options.setKeepAliveInterval(20);
// 設置回調
client.setCallback(new PushCallback());
MqttTopic topic = client.getTopic(TOPIC);
// setWill方法,如果項目中需要知道客戶端是否掉線可以調用該方法。設置最終端口的通知消息
options.setWill(topic, "close".getBytes(), 2, true);
client.connect(options);
// 訂閱消息
int[] Qos = { 1 };
String[] topic1 = { TOPIC };
client.subscribe(topic1, Qos);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws MqttException {
ClientMQTT client = new ClientMQTT();
client.start();
}
}
package mqtt;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.IMqttDeliveryToken;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttCallback;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;
/**
* 發布消息的回調類
*
* 必須實現MqttCallback的接口並實現對應的相關接口方法CallBack 類將實現 MqttCallBack。
* 每個客戶機標識都需要一個回調實例。在此示例中,構造函數傳遞客戶機標識以另存為實例數據。 在回調中,將它用來標識已經啟動了該回調的哪個實例。
* 必須在回調類中實現三個方法:
*
* public void messageArrived(MqttTopic topic, MqttMessage message)接收已經預訂的發布。
*
* public void connectionLost(Throwable cause)在斷開連接時調用。
*
* public void deliveryComplete(MqttDeliveryToken token)) 接收到已經發布的 QoS 1 或 QoS 2
* 消息的傳遞令牌時調用。 由 MqttClient.connect 激活此回調。
*
*/
public class PushCallback implements MqttCallback {
public void connectionLost(Throwable cause) {
// 連接丟失后,一般在這里面進行重連
System.out.println("連接斷開,可以做重連");
}
public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken token) {
System.out.println("deliveryComplete---------" + token.isComplete());
}
public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) throws Exception {
// subscribe后得到的消息會執行到這里面
System.out.println("接收消息主題 : " + topic);
System.out.println("接收消息Qos : " + message.getQos());
System.out.println("接收消息內容 : " + new String(message.getPayload()));
}
}
package mqtt;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClient;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttDeliveryToken;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttPersistenceException;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttTopic;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;
/**
* Title:Server Description: 服務器向多個客戶端推送主題,即不同客戶端可向服務器訂閱相同主題
*/
public class ServerMQTT {
// tcp://MQTT安裝的服務器地址:MQTT定義的端口號
public static final String HOST = "tcp://192.168.10.80:1883";
// 定義一個主題
public static final String TOPIC = "topic";
// 定義MQTT的ID,可以在MQTT服務配置中指定
private static final String clientid = "server11";
private static MqttClient client;
private static MqttTopic topic11;
//用戶名和密碼
private String userName = "admin";
private String passWord = "admin";
private MqttMessage message;
/**
* 構造函數
*
* @throws MqttException
*/
public ServerMQTT() throws MqttException {
// MemoryPersistence設置clientid的保存形式,默認為以內存保存
client = new MqttClient(HOST, clientid, new MemoryPersistence());
connect();
}
/**
* 用來連接服務器
*/
private void connect() {
MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();
options.setCleanSession(false);
options.setUserName(userName);
options.setPassword(passWord.toCharArray());
// 設置超時時間
options.setConnectionTimeout(10);
// 設置會話心跳時間
options.setKeepAliveInterval(20);
try {
client.setCallback(new PushCallback());
client.connect(options);
topic11 = client.getTopic(TOPIC);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
*
* @param topic
* @param message
* @throws MqttPersistenceException
* @throws MqttException
*/
public void publish(MqttTopic topic, MqttMessage message) throws MqttPersistenceException, MqttException {
MqttDeliveryToken token = topic.publish(message);
token.waitForCompletion();
System.out.println("message is published completely! " + token.isComplete());
}
/**
* 啟動入口
*
* @param args
* @throws MqttException
* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws MqttException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
ServerMQTT server = new ServerMQTT();
server.message = new MqttMessage();
/* Qos服務質量等級:
* 0,最多一次,不管是否接收到;
* 1,最少一次,保證信息將會被至少發送一次給接受者
* 2,只一次,確保每個消息都只被接收到的一次,他是最安全也是最慢的服務等級
*/
server.message.setQos(2);
server.message.setRetained(true);
server.message.setPayload("test".getBytes("UTF-8"));
server.publish(server.topic11, server.message);
System.out.println(server.message.isRetained() + "------ratained狀態");
}
}
運行ServerMQTT中的main方法 發送test給mqtt,在MQTTlens中看到了接收的消息,說明推送成功