pygrib學習


pygrib-2.0.3/docs/index.html

導入pygrib模塊

  >>> import pygrib

 

打開grib文件,獲取grib消息迭代器

  >>> grbs = pygrib.open('sampledata/flux.grb')


和打開正常的python文件對象一樣,pygrib使用seek, tell, read, readline, 和close方法打開grib文件。唯一的不同的是,偏移量用grib消息衡量,而不是用字節。

  >>> grbs.seek(2)
  >>> grbs.tell()
  2
  >>> grb = grbs.read(1)[0] # read returns a list with the next N (N=1 in this case) messages.
  >>> grb # printing a grib message object displays summary info
  3:Maximum temperature:K (instant):regular_gg:heightAboveGround:level 2 m:fcst time 108-120 hrs:from 200402291200
  >>> grbs.tell()
  3

 

輸出文件清單:

  >>> grbs.seek(0)
  >>> for grb in grbs:
  >>>     grb 
  1:Precipitation rate:kg m**-2 s**-1 (avg):regular_gg:surface:level 0:fcst time 108-120 hrs (avg):from 200402291200
  2:Surface pressure:Pa (instant):regular_gg:surface:level 0:fcst time 120 hrs:from 200402291200
  3:Maximum temperature:K (instant):regular_gg:heightAboveGround:level 2 m:fcst time 108-120 hrs:from 200402291200
  4:Minimum temperature:K (instant):regular_gg:heightAboveGround:level 2 m:fcst time 108-120 hrs:from 200402291200

  

尋找匹配名字的第一個grib消息

  >>> grb = grbs.select(name='Maximum temperature')[0]

  

使用'values'鍵提取數據值(grb.keys()將會返回一個可用鍵的序列)

  # The data is returned as a numpy array, or if missing values or a bitmap
  # are present, a numpy masked array.  Reduced lat/lon or gaussian grid
  # data is automatically expanded to a regular grid. Details of the internal
  # representation of the grib data (such as the scanning mode) are handled
  # automatically.
  >>> maxt = grb.values # same as grb['values']
  >>> maxt.shape, maxt.min(), maxt.max()
  (94, 192) 223.7 319.9

  

獲取網格經緯度值

  >>> lats, lons = grb.latlons()
  >>> lats.shape, lats.min(), lats.max(), lons.shape, lons.min(), lons.max()
  (94, 192) -88.5419501373 88.5419501373  0.0 358.125

  

獲取第二個消息

  >>> grb = grbs.message(2) # same as grbs.seek(1); grb=grbs.readline()
  >>> grb
  2:Surface pressure:Pa (instant):regular_gg:surface:level 0:fcst time 120 hrs:from 200402291200

  

從北美洲子集中提取數據,得到經緯值

  >>> data, lats, lons = grb.data(lat1=20,lat2=70,lon1=220,lon2=320)
  >>> data.shape, lats.min(), lats.max(), lons.min(), lons.max()
  (26, 53) 21.904439458 69.5216630593 221.25 318.75

  

使用存在的鍵(或者通過屬性或者訪問字典)修改值

  >>> grb['forecastTime'] = 240
  >>> grb.dataDate = 20100101

  

得到與編碼信息相關的二進制字符串

  >>> msg = grb.tostring()
  >>> grbs.close() # close the grib file

  

將修改的信息寫到新GRIB文件中

  >>> grbout = open('test.grb','wb')
  >>> grbout.write(msg)
  >>> grbout.close()
  >>> pygrib.open('test.grb').readline() 
  1:Surface pressure:Pa (instant):regular_gg:surface:level 0:fcst time 240 hrs:from 201001011200
Documentation

  

============================================

注意!

select方法為從文件中,提取gribmessage對象的集合到一個列表的方法。得到的結果為一個列表(List對象),不能之前對其求keys屬性。只能對單個gribmessage對象求屬性!

可行的方法是打開這個List,對其中每一個元素(gribmessage對象)進行循環,分別求keys

gribmessage可以求values

 

index對象的slect方法比pygrib.open 對象的slect方法快,但只是適用於單變量場

 findex = pygrib.index(fname,'level','month','day') # 獲取messags索引

selected_messages = findex.select(level=lev,month=month,day=day) # “天選之消息”

注意:findex.select()括號中的關鍵字必須要和包含前面定義用到的所有關鍵字,否則會出現錯誤

 


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