mysql 查詢重復字段,及刪除重復記錄的方法
MySQL, 數據庫, 數據庫, 字段, 服務器
數據庫中有個大表,需要查找其中的名字有重復的記錄id,以便比較。如果僅僅是查找數據庫中name不重復的字段,很容易:
SELECT min(`id`),`name` FROM `table` GROUP BY `name`;
但是這樣並不能得到說有重復字段的id值。(只得到了最小的一個id值)查詢哪些字段是重復的也容易:
SELECT `name`,count(`name`) as count FROM `table` GROUP BY `name` HAVING count(`name`) >1 ORDER BY count DESC;
但是要一次查詢到重復字段的id值,就必須使用子查詢了,於是使用下面的語句。
SELECT `id`,`name` FROM `table` WHERE `name` in (
SELECT `name`
FROM `table`
GROUP BY `name` HAVING count(`name`) >1);
但是這條語句在mysql中效率太差,感覺mysql並沒有為子查詢生成零時表。於是使用先建立零時表:
create table `tmptable` as (
SELECT `name`
FROM `table`
GROUP BY `name` HAVING count(`name`) >1);
然后使用多表連接查詢:
SELECT a.`id`, a.`name` FROM `table` a, `tmptable` t WHERE a.`name` = t.`name`;
結果這次結果很快就出來了。
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查詢及刪除重復記錄的方法
(一)
1、查找表中多余的重復記錄,重復記錄是根據單個字段(peopleId)來判斷
select * from people
where peopleId in (select peopleId from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId) > 1)
2、刪除表中多余的重復記錄,重復記錄是根據單個字段(peopleId)來判斷,只留有rowid最小的記錄
delete from people
where peopleId in (select peopleId from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId) > 1)
and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId )>1)
(上面這條語句在mysql中執行會報錯:
執行報錯:1093 - You can't specify target table 'student' for update in FROM clause
原因是:更新數據時使用了查詢,而查詢的數據又做了更新的條件,mysql不支持這種方式。oracel和msserver都支持這種方式。
怎么規避這個問題?
再加一層封裝,
delete from php_user where
username in (select username from ( select username from php_user group by username having count(username)>1) a)
and id not in ( select min(id) from (select min(id) as id from php_user group by username having count(username)>1 ) b)
注意select min(id) 后面要有as id.
3、查找表中多余的重復記錄(多個字段)
select * from vitae a
where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1)
4、刪除表中多余的重復記錄(多個字段),只留有rowid最小的記錄
delete from vitae a
where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1)
and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*)>1)
5、查找表中多余的重復記錄(多個字段),不包含rowid最小的記錄
select * from vitae a
where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1)
and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*)>1)
(二)
比方說
在A表中存在一個字段「name」,
而且不同記錄之間的「name」值有可能會相同,
現在就是需要查詢出在該表中的各記錄之間,「name」值存在重復的項;
Select Name,Count(*) From A Group By Name Having Count(*) > 1
如果還查性別也相同大則如下:
Select Name,sex,Count(*) From A Group By Name,sex Having Count(*) > 1
(三)
方法一
declare @max integer,@id integer
declare cur_rows cursor local for select 主字段,count(*) from 表名 group by 主字段 having count(*) >; 1
open cur_rows
fetch cur_rows into @id,@max
while @@fetch_status=0
begin
select @max = @max -1
set rowcount @max
delete from 表名 where 主字段 = @id
fetch cur_rows into @id,@max
end
close cur_rows
set rowcount 0
方法二
有兩個意義上的重復記錄,一是完全重復的記錄,也即所有字段均重復的記錄,二是部分關鍵詞段重復的記錄,比如Name字段重復,而其它字段不一定重復或都重復可以忽略。
1、對於第一種重復,比較容易解決,使用
select distinct * from tableName
就可以得到無重復記錄的結果集。
如果該表需要刪除重復的記錄(重復記錄保留1條),可以按以下方法刪除
select distinct * into #Tmp from tableName
drop table tableName
select * into tableName from #Tmp
drop table #Tmp
發生這種重復的原因是表設計不周產生的,增加唯一索引列即可解決。
2、這類重復問題通常要求保留重復記錄中的第一條記錄,操作方法如下
假設有重復的字段為Name,Address,要求得到這兩個字段唯一的結果集
select identity(int,1,1) as autoID, * into #Tmp from tableName
select min(autoID) as autoID into #Tmp2 from #Tmp group by Name,autoID
select * from #Tmp where autoID in(select autoID from #tmp2)
最后一個select即得到了Name,Address不重復的結果集(但多了一個autoID字段,實際寫時可以寫在select子句中省去此列)
(四)
查詢重復
select * from tablename where id in (
select id from tablename
group by id
having count(id) > 1
)
ref: http://www.greensoftcode.net/techntxt/2013120131251921893458
原文:http://bbs.ahpal.com/thread-3585-1-1.html