用例設計原則
- 文件名以test_*.py文件和*_test.py
- 以test_開頭的函數
- 以Test開頭的類
- 以test_開頭的方法
- 所有的包pakege必須要有__init__.py文件
help幫助
1.查看pytest命令行參數，可以用pytest -h 或pytest --help查看
C:\Users\admin>pytest -h
usage: pytest [options] [file_or_dir] [file_or_dir] [...]
positional arguments:
file_or_dir
general:
-k EXPRESSION only run tests which match the given substring
expression. An expression is a python evaluatable
expression where all names are substring-matched
against test names and their parent classes. Example:
-k 'test_method or test_other' matches all test
functions and classes whose name contains
'test_method' or 'test_other', while -k 'not
test_method' matches those that don't contain
'test_method' in their names. Additionally keywords
are matched to classes and functions containing extra
names in their 'extra_keyword_matches' set, as well as
functions which have names assigned directly to them.
-m MARKEXPR only run tests matching given mark expression.
example: -m 'mark1 and not mark2'.
--markers show markers (builtin, plugin and per-project ones).
-x, --exitfirst exit instantly on first error or failed test
reporting:
-v, --verbose increase verbosity.
-q, --quiet decrease verbosity.
--verbosity=VERBOSE set verbosity
只貼了一部分
按以下目錄寫用例
D:YOYO\
__init__.py
test_class.py
# content of test_class.py
class TestClass:
def test_one(self):
x = "this"
assert 'h' in x
def test_two(self):
x = "hello"
assert hasattr(x, 'check')
def test_three(self):
a = "hello"
b = "hello world"
assert a in b
test_sample.py
# content of test_sample.py
def func(x):
return x +1
def test_answer():
assert func(3)==5
python -m
cmd執行pytest用例有三種方法,以下三種方法都可以，一般推薦第一個
-
pytest
-
py.test
-
python -m pytest
如果不帶參數，在某個文件夾下執行時，它會查找該文件夾下所有的符合條件的用例（查看用例設計原則）
執行用例規則
1.執行某個目錄下所有的用例
pytest 文件名/
2.執行某一個py文件下用例
pytest 腳本名稱.py
3.-k 按關鍵字匹配
pytest -k "MyClass and not method"
這將運行包含與給定字符串表達式匹配的名稱的測試，其中包括Python
使用文件名，類名和函數名作為變量的運算符。 上面的例子將運行
TestMyClass.test_something但不運行TestMyClass.test_method_simple
4.按節點運行
每個收集的測試都分配了一個唯一的nodeid，它由模塊文件名和后跟說明符組成
來自參數化的類名，函數名和參數，由:: characters分隔。
運行.py模塊里面的某個函數
pytest test_mod.py::test_func
運行.py模塊里面,測試類里面的某個方法
pytest test_mod.py::TestClass::test_method
5.標記表達式
pytest -m slow
將運行用@ pytest.mark.slow裝飾器修飾的所有測試。
6.從包里面運行
pytest --pyargs pkg.testing
這將導入pkg.testing並使用其文件系統位置來查找和運行測試。
-x 遇到錯誤時停止測試
pytest -x test_class.py
從運行結果可以看出，本來有3個用例，第二個用例失敗后就沒繼續往下執行了
D:\YOYO>pytest -x test_class.py
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.6.0, pytest-3.6.3, py-1.5.4, pluggy-0.6.0
rootdir: D:\YOYO, inifile:
collected 3 items
test_class.py .F
================================== FAILURES ===================================
_____________________________ TestClass.test_two ______________________________
self = <YOYO.test_class.TestClass object at 0x0000000003A29780>
def test_two(self):
x = "hello"
> assert hasattr(x, 'check')
E AssertionError: assert False
E + where False = hasattr('hello', 'check')
test_class.py:11: AssertionError
===================== 1 failed, 1 passed in 0.05 seconds ======================
--maxfail=num
pytest --maxfail=1
當用例錯誤個數達到指定數量時，停止測試
D:\YOYO>pytest --maxfail=1
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.6.0, pytest-3.6.3, py-1.5.4, pluggy-0.6.0
rootdir: D:\YOYO, inifile:
collected 4 items
test_class.py .F
================================== FAILURES ===================================
_____________________________ TestClass.test_two ______________________________
self = <YOYO.test_class.TestClass object at 0x0000000003A3D080>
def test_two(self):
x = "hello"
> assert hasattr(x, 'check')
E AssertionError: assert False
E + where False = hasattr('hello', 'check')
test_class.py:11: AssertionError
===================== 1 failed, 1 passed in 0.06 seconds ======================
---------------------------------pytest結合selenium自動化完整版-------------------------
全書購買地址 https://yuedu.baidu.com/ebook/902224ab27fff705cc1755270722192e4536582b
作者：上海-悠悠 QQ交流群：874033608
也可以關注下我的個人公眾號：yoyoketang
