之前在介紹使用JdbcTemplate和Spring-data-jpa時，都使用了單數據源。在單數據源的情況下，Spring Boot的配置非常簡單，只需要在application.properties文件中配置連接參數即可。但是往往隨着業務量發展，我們通常會進行數據庫拆分或是引入其他數據庫，從而我們需要配置多個數據源，下面基於之前的JdbcTemplate和Spring-data-jpa例子分別介紹兩種多數據源的配置方式。
多數據源配置
創建一個Spring配置類，定義兩個DataSource用來讀取application.properties中的不同配置。如下例子中，主數據源配置為spring.datasource.primary開頭的配置，第二數據源配置為spring.datasource.secondary開頭的配置。
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package
com.wls.diypro.util.datasource;
import
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
import
org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import
org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import
org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import
org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import
org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import
javax.sql.DataSource;
@Configuration
public
class
DataSourceConfig {
@Bean
(name =
"primaryDataSource"
)
@Qualifier
(
"primaryDataSource"
)
@ConfigurationProperties
(prefix=
"spring.datasource.primary"
)
public
DataSource primaryDataSource() {
return
DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}
@Bean
(name =
"secondaryDataSource"
)
@Qualifier
(
"secondaryDataSource"
)
@Primary
@ConfigurationProperties
(prefix=
"spring.datasource.secondary"
)
public
DataSource secondaryDataSource() {
return
DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}
@Bean
(name =
"primaryJdbcTemplate"
)
public
JdbcTemplate primaryJdbcTemplate(
@Qualifier
(
"primaryDataSource"
) DataSource dataSource) {
return
new
JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
}
@Bean
(name =
"secondaryJdbcTemplate"
)
public
JdbcTemplate secondaryJdbcTemplate(
@Qualifier
(
"secondaryDataSource"
) DataSource dataSource) {
return
new
JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
}
}
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JdbcTemplate支持對應的application-dev.yml配置如下：
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spring:
datasource:
primary:
driver-
class
-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
# url: jdbc:mysql:
//192.168.159.128:3306/mydb
url: jdbc:mysql:
//192.168.11.131:3306/mydb
username: wls
password: Wls141215!
secondary:
driver-
class
-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
# url: jdbc:mysql:
//192.168.159.128:3306/mydb
url: jdbc:mysql:
//192.168.11.131:3306/shopmall
username: wls
password: Wls141215!
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對JdbcTemplate的支持比較簡單，只需要為其注入對應的datasource即可，如下例子，在創建JdbcTemplate的時候分別注入名為primaryDataSource和secondaryDataSource的數據源來區分不同的JdbcTemplate。
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@Autowired
@Qualifier
(
"primaryJdbcTemplate"
)
protected
JdbcTemplate primaryJdbcTemplate;
@Autowired
@Qualifier
(
"secondaryJdbcTemplate"
)
protected
JdbcTemplate secondaryJdbcTemplate;
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package
com.wls.diypro.test.jdbcTemplateTest;
import
com.wls.diypro.model.OrderInfo;
import
com.wls.diypro.service.IOrderInfoService;
import
junit.framework.Assert;
import
org.junit.Before;
import
org.junit.Test;
import
org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import
org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import
org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import
java.util.Date;
@RunWith
(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.
class
)
@SpringBootTest
public
class
JdbcTemplateTest {
@Autowired
@Qualifier
(
"primaryJdbcTemplate"
)
protected
JdbcTemplate primaryJdbcTemplate;
@Autowired
@Qualifier
(
"secondaryJdbcTemplate"
)
protected
JdbcTemplate secondaryJdbcTemplate;
@Autowired
private
IOrderInfoService iOrderInfoService;
@Test
public
void
addOrder()
throws
Exception {
OrderInfo orderInfo =
new
OrderInfo();
orderInfo.setAddressDetail(
"廣平大街"
);
orderInfo.setArea(
"大興區"
);
orderInfo.setCity(
"北京市"
);
orderInfo.setOrderNumber(
"10000001"
);
orderInfo.setOrderStatus(
"2"
);
orderInfo.setOrderTime(
new
Date());
orderInfo.setProvince(
"北京"
);
orderInfo.setReceiver(
"王老師"
);
orderInfo.setStreet(
"ces"
);
iOrderInfoService.addOrder(orderInfo);
}
@Before
public
void
setUp() {
primaryJdbcTemplate.update(
"DELETE FROM order_info "
);
secondaryJdbcTemplate.update(
"DELETE FROM order_info "
);
}
@Test
public
void
test()
throws
Exception {
// 往第一個數據源中插入兩條數據
primaryJdbcTemplate.update(
"insert into order_info(order_flag,order_number,order_status,street) values(?, ?, ?, ?)"
,
"test"
,
"10001"
,
"S01"
,
"廣平大街"
);
primaryJdbcTemplate.update(
"insert into order_info(order_flag,order_number,order_status,street) values(?, ?, ?, ?)"
,
"test"
,
"10001"
,
"S01"
,
"廣平大街"
);
// 往第二個數據源中插入一條數據，若插入的是第一個數據源，則會主鍵沖突報錯
secondaryJdbcTemplate.update(
"insert into order_info(order_flag,order_number,order_status,street) values(?, ?, ?, ?)"
,
"test"
,
"10003"
,
"S02"
,
"廣平大街"
);
// 查一下第一個數據源中是否有兩條數據，驗證插入是否成功
Assert.assertEquals(
"2"
, primaryJdbcTemplate.queryForObject(
"select count(1) from order_info"
, String.
class
));
// 查一下第一個數據源中是否有兩條數據，驗證插入是否成功
Assert.assertEquals(
"1"
, secondaryJdbcTemplate.queryForObject(
"select count(1) from order_info"
, String.
class
));
}
}
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完整示例:guithub接下來通過測試用例來演示如何使用這兩個針對不同數據源的JdbcTemplate。