之前在介绍使用JdbcTemplate和Spring-data-jpa时，都使用了单数据源。在单数据源的情况下，Spring Boot的配置非常简单，只需要在application.properties文件中配置连接参数即可。但是往往随着业务量发展，我们通常会进行数据库拆分或是引入其他数据库，从而我们需要配置多个数据源，下面基于之前的JdbcTemplate和Spring-data-jpa例子分别介绍两种多数据源的配置方式。
多数据源配置
创建一个Spring配置类，定义两个DataSource用来读取application.properties中的不同配置。如下例子中，主数据源配置为spring.datasource.primary开头的配置，第二数据源配置为spring.datasource.secondary开头的配置。
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package
com.wls.diypro.util.datasource;
import
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
import
org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import
org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import
org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import
org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import
org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import
javax.sql.DataSource;
@Configuration
public
class
DataSourceConfig {
@Bean
(name =
"primaryDataSource"
)
@Qualifier
(
"primaryDataSource"
)
@ConfigurationProperties
(prefix=
"spring.datasource.primary"
)
public
DataSource primaryDataSource() {
return
DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}
@Bean
(name =
"secondaryDataSource"
)
@Qualifier
(
"secondaryDataSource"
)
@Primary
@ConfigurationProperties
(prefix=
"spring.datasource.secondary"
)
public
DataSource secondaryDataSource() {
return
DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
}
@Bean
(name =
"primaryJdbcTemplate"
)
public
JdbcTemplate primaryJdbcTemplate(
@Qualifier
(
"primaryDataSource"
) DataSource dataSource) {
return
new
JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
}
@Bean
(name =
"secondaryJdbcTemplate"
)
public
JdbcTemplate secondaryJdbcTemplate(
@Qualifier
(
"secondaryDataSource"
) DataSource dataSource) {
return
new
JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
}
}
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JdbcTemplate支持对应的application-dev.yml配置如下：
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spring:
datasource:
primary:
driver-
class
-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
# url: jdbc:mysql:
//192.168.159.128:3306/mydb
url: jdbc:mysql:
//192.168.11.131:3306/mydb
username: wls
password: Wls141215!
secondary:
driver-
class
-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
# url: jdbc:mysql:
//192.168.159.128:3306/mydb
url: jdbc:mysql:
//192.168.11.131:3306/shopmall
username: wls
password: Wls141215!
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对JdbcTemplate的支持比较简单，只需要为其注入对应的datasource即可，如下例子，在创建JdbcTemplate的时候分别注入名为primaryDataSource和secondaryDataSource的数据源来区分不同的JdbcTemplate。
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@Autowired
@Qualifier
(
"primaryJdbcTemplate"
)
protected
JdbcTemplate primaryJdbcTemplate;
@Autowired
@Qualifier
(
"secondaryJdbcTemplate"
)
protected
JdbcTemplate secondaryJdbcTemplate;
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package
com.wls.diypro.test.jdbcTemplateTest;
import
com.wls.diypro.model.OrderInfo;
import
com.wls.diypro.service.IOrderInfoService;
import
junit.framework.Assert;
import
org.junit.Before;
import
org.junit.Test;
import
org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import
org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import
org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import
java.util.Date;
@RunWith
(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.
class
)
@SpringBootTest
public
class
JdbcTemplateTest {
@Autowired
@Qualifier
(
"primaryJdbcTemplate"
)
protected
JdbcTemplate primaryJdbcTemplate;
@Autowired
@Qualifier
(
"secondaryJdbcTemplate"
)
protected
JdbcTemplate secondaryJdbcTemplate;
@Autowired
private
IOrderInfoService iOrderInfoService;
@Test
public
void
addOrder()
throws
Exception {
OrderInfo orderInfo =
new
OrderInfo();
orderInfo.setAddressDetail(
"广平大街"
);
orderInfo.setArea(
"大兴区"
);
orderInfo.setCity(
"北京市"
);
orderInfo.setOrderNumber(
"10000001"
);
orderInfo.setOrderStatus(
"2"
);
orderInfo.setOrderTime(
new
Date());
orderInfo.setProvince(
"北京"
);
orderInfo.setReceiver(
"王老师"
);
orderInfo.setStreet(
"ces"
);
iOrderInfoService.addOrder(orderInfo);
}
@Before
public
void
setUp() {
primaryJdbcTemplate.update(
"DELETE FROM order_info "
);
secondaryJdbcTemplate.update(
"DELETE FROM order_info "
);
}
@Test
public
void
test()
throws
Exception {
// 往第一个数据源中插入两条数据
primaryJdbcTemplate.update(
"insert into order_info(order_flag,order_number,order_status,street) values(?, ?, ?, ?)"
,
"test"
,
"10001"
,
"S01"
,
"广平大街"
);
primaryJdbcTemplate.update(
"insert into order_info(order_flag,order_number,order_status,street) values(?, ?, ?, ?)"
,
"test"
,
"10001"
,
"S01"
,
"广平大街"
);
// 往第二个数据源中插入一条数据，若插入的是第一个数据源，则会主键冲突报错
secondaryJdbcTemplate.update(
"insert into order_info(order_flag,order_number,order_status,street) values(?, ?, ?, ?)"
,
"test"
,
"10003"
,
"S02"
,
"广平大街"
);
// 查一下第一个数据源中是否有两条数据，验证插入是否成功
Assert.assertEquals(
"2"
, primaryJdbcTemplate.queryForObject(
"select count(1) from order_info"
, String.
class
));
// 查一下第一个数据源中是否有两条数据，验证插入是否成功
Assert.assertEquals(
"1"
, secondaryJdbcTemplate.queryForObject(
"select count(1) from order_info"
, String.
class
));
}
}
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完整示例:guithub接下来通过测试用例来演示如何使用这两个针对不同数据源的JdbcTemplate。