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項目簡述
實現客戶端調用攝像頭,並以幀的形式將每一幀傳輸到服務端,服務端將圖片進行某些處理后再返回給客戶端。(客戶端與服務端通信代碼部分參考《Qt5 開發及實例》)
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項目步驟
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客戶端的編寫
- 通過Qt Designer畫出如下界面
- 在客戶端工程文件“client、pro”中加入 QT += network語句,並將環境路徑配置好。
- 在頭文件“client.h”中加入如下代碼:
1 class Client : public QWidget 2 { 3 Q_OBJECT 4 5 public: 6 explicit Client(QWidget *parent = 0); 7 ~Client(); 8 9 private slots: 10 void slotEnter(); 11 void slotConnected(); 12 void slotDisconnected(); 13 void dataReceived(); 14 void slotSend(); 15 void nextFrame(); 16 signals: 17 void connectedToServer(void); 18 19 private: 20 Ui::Client *ui; 21 bool status; 22 int port; 23 QHostAddress *serverIP; 24 QString userName; 25 QTcpSocket *tcpSocket; 26 27 qint64 receiveBlockSize; 28 29 Mat frame; 30 VideoCapture cap; 31 QTimer* timer; 32 QImage image; 33 34 void ShowImage(QByteArray ba); 35 QByteArray picToData(cv::Mat frame); 36 QImage Mat2QImage(cv::Mat cvImg); 37 };
- 在源文件“client.cpp”的構造函數中加入如下代碼:
1 Client::Client(QWidget *parent) : 2 QWidget(parent), 3 ui(new Ui::Client) 4 { 5 ui->setupUi(this); 6 7 setWindowFlags(windowFlags()&~Qt::WindowMaximizeButtonHint); 8 setFixedSize(this->width(),this->height()); 9 10 status=false; 11 port=8010; 12 ui->portLineEdit->setText(QString::number(port)); 13 14 serverIP=new QHostAddress(); 15 ui->serverIPLineEdit->setText("127.0.0.1"); 16 connect(ui->ConnectPushButton,SIGNAL(clicked(bool)),this,SLOT(slotEnter())); 17 18 receiveBlockSize=0; 19 20 timer=new QTimer(this); 21 timer->start(30); 22 23 cap.open(0); 24 if(!cap.isOpened()) 25 { 26 QMessageBox::information(this,tr("error"),tr("cam don't open")); 27 } 28 29 connect(timer,&QTimer::timeout,this,&Client::nextFrame); 30 }
槽函數nextFrame()通過調用openCV,實現獲取每一幀圖像:

1 void Client::nextFrame() 2 { 3 cap>>frame; 4 if (!frame.empty()) 5 { 6 image = Mat2QImage(frame); 7 8 //使圖像適應label的大小 9 QPixmap *pixmap = new QPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(image)); 10 pixmap->scaled(ui->capturedImage->size(), Qt::KeepAspectRatio); 11 ui->capturedImage->setScaledContents(true); 12 ui->capturedImage->setPixmap(*pixmap); 13 delete pixmap;//避免內存泄漏 14 } 15 }
函數Mat2QImage(cv::Mat cvImg)代碼如下:

1 QImage Client::Mat2QImage(cv::Mat cvImg) 2 { 3 QImage qImg; 4 if(cvImg.channels()==3) //3 channels color image 5 { 6 7 cv::cvtColor(cvImg,cvImg,CV_BGR2RGB); 8 qImg =QImage((const unsigned char*)(cvImg.data), 9 cvImg.cols, cvImg.rows, 10 cvImg.cols*cvImg.channels(), 11 QImage::Format_RGB888); 12 } 13 else if(cvImg.channels()==1) //grayscale image 14 { 15 qImg =QImage((const unsigned char*)(cvImg.data), 16 cvImg.cols,cvImg.rows, 17 cvImg.cols*cvImg.channels(), 18 QImage::Format_Indexed8); 19 } 20 else 21 { 22 qImg =QImage((const unsigned char*)(cvImg.data), 23 cvImg.cols,cvImg.rows, 24 cvImg.cols*cvImg.channels(), 25 QImage::Format_RGB888); 26 } 27 return qImg; 28 }
以上代碼中,槽函數slotEnter()實現連接和斷開服務器功能(但現在斷開后再連上數據傳輸有問題),代碼如下:

1 void Client::slotEnter() 2 { 3 if(!status) 4 { 5 QString ip=ui->serverIPLineEdit->text(); 6 if(!serverIP->setAddress(ip)) 7 { 8 QMessageBox::information(this,tr("error"), 9 tr("server ip address error")); 10 return; 11 } 12 13 tcpSocket=new QTcpSocket(this); 14 15 connect(tcpSocket,&QAbstractSocket::connected,this,&Client::slotConnected); 16 17 connect(tcpSocket,&QAbstractSocket::disconnected,this,&Client::slotDisconnected); 18 19 connect(tcpSocket,&QIODevice::readyRead,this,&Client::dataReceived); 20 21 connect(this,&Client::connectedToServer,this,&Client::slotSend); 22 23 tcpSocket->connectToHost(*serverIP,port); 24 25 26 status=true; 27 } 28 else 29 { 30 31 tcpSocket->disconnectFromHost(); 32 33 status=false; 34 } 35 }
槽函數“slotConnected()”是connected()信號的響應槽,當與服務器連接成功后,客戶端進行一些操作,具體代碼如下:

1 void Client::slotConnected() 2 { 3 ui->handPushButton->setEnabled(true); 4 ui->facePushButton->setEnabled(true); 5 ui->ConnectPushButton->setText(tr("Leave")); 6 //ui->ConnectPushButton->setEnabled(false); 7 emit connectedToServer(); 8 }
槽函數“slotDisconnected()”是disconnected()信號的響應槽,當與服務器斷開連接時,進行如下操作:

1 void Client::slotDisconnected() 2 { 3 ui->handPushButton->setEnabled(false); 4 ui->facePushButton->setEnabled(false); 5 ui->ConnectPushButton->setText(tr("Enter")); 6 }
當發出connectedToServer()信號后,槽函數slotSend()響應,具體代碼如下:

1 void Client::slotSend() 2 { 3 if(frame.empty()) 4 return; 5 6 QByteArray byteArrayData=picToData(frame); 7 QByteArray ba; 8 QDataStream out(&ba,QIODevice::WriteOnly); 9 out.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_6); 10 11 out<<(quint64)0; 12 out<<byteArrayData; 13 out.device()->seek(0); 14 out<<(quint64)(ba.size()-sizeof(quint64)); 15 tcpSocket->write(ba); 16 }
其中函數picToData(cv::Mat frame)代碼如下:

1 QByteArray Client::picToData(Mat frame) 2 { 3 QImage img((unsigned const char*)frame.data,frame.cols,frame.rows,QImage::Format_RGB888); 4 5 QByteArray block; 6 QBuffer buf(&block); 7 img.save(&buf,"JPEG");//按照JPG解碼保存數據 8 QByteArray cc = qCompress(block,1); 9 QByteArray hh; 10 hh=cc.toBase64();//base64數據 11 return hh; 12 }
函數dataReceived()當客戶端收到服務端數據時響應,代碼如下:

1 void Client::dataReceived() 2 { 3 ui->noteLabel->setText(tr("receive data")); 4 QDataStream in(tcpSocket); 5 QByteArray message;//存放從服務器接收到的字符串 6 in.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_6); 7 if (receiveBlockSize==0) 8 { 9 //判斷接收的數據是否有兩字節(文件大小信息) 10 //如果有則保存到basize變量中,沒有則返回,繼續接收數據 11 if (tcpSocket->bytesAvailable()<(int)sizeof(quint64)) 12 { 13 return; 14 } 15 in>>receiveBlockSize; 16 } 17 //如果沒有得到全部數據,則返回繼續接收數據 18 if (tcpSocket->bytesAvailable()<receiveBlockSize) 19 { 20 //qDebug()<<"tcpSocket->bytesAvailable()<receiveBlockSize"; 21 return; 22 } 23 in>>message;//將接收到的數據存放到變量中 24 ShowImage(message); 25 receiveBlockSize=0; 26 emit connectedToServer(); 27 }
最后的emit connectedToServer();實現每次發送一次數據給服務端后,等待服務端響應后再發送數據,避免一直發數據,同時又接收數據而出現問題。
最后,將處理后的圖像顯示,調用函數ShowImage(QByteArray ba)實現,代碼如下:

1 void Client::ShowImage(QByteArray ba) 2 { 3 QString ss=QString::fromLatin1(ba.data(),ba.size()); 4 QByteArray rc; 5 rc=QByteArray::fromBase64(ss.toLatin1()); 6 QByteArray rdc=qUncompress(rc); 7 QImage img; 8 img.loadFromData(rdc); 9 ui->processedImage->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(img)); 10 ui->processedImage->resize(img.size()); 11 update(); 12 }
最后的最后,不要忘了調用析構函數:

1 Client::~Client() 2 { 3 delete ui; 4 delete tcpSocket; 5 delete timer; 6 delete serverIP; 7 }