Hibernate框架的搭建和一個簡單的實例

Hibernate是一個支持對JDBC進行封裝的框架，實現了對底層數據庫訪問的封裝。非常適合使用和開發。首先需要下載Hibernate，可以在這個網站下載最新包。http://www.hibernate.org/然后打開他的目錄結構，將lib目錄下的required目錄下的包全部導入到工程中去，這個是hibernate運行所必須的最少的包。然后寫一個Bean，將需要儲存到數據庫中的變量封裝成Bean。為了讓Hibernate識別這個bean，需要一個配置文件，這里起名叫User.hbm.xml。先看一下User的代碼和User.hbm.xml的代碼

package com.bird.domain;

import java.util.Date;

public class User {

    private int id;
    private String name;
    private Date birthday;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

}

<?xml version="1.0" ?>  
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"  
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">  
<hibernate-mapping package="com.bird.domain">  
      
    <class name="User">  
        <id name="id">  
            <generator class="native"/>  
        </id>  
          
    <property name="name"/>  
    <property name="birthday"/>  
      
    </class>  
      
</hibernate-mapping>  

然后需要一個Hibernate的配置文件,這個文件的例子可以再Hibenate解壓目錄的project里面的ect目錄里面找到。更加詳細的配置選項和要求可以參考hibernate.properties.template這個文件.

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>  
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC  
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"  
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">  
  
<hibernate-configuration>  
    <session-factory>  
          
        <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>  
        <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///test</property>  
        <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>  
        <property name="hibernate.connection.password">mysql</property>  
          
        <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>  
        <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>  
          
        <mapping resource="com/bird/domain/User.hbm.xml"/>  
          
    </session-factory>  
</hibernate-configuration>  

<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>這句話的意思是指定你使用的數據庫的方言.

<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>這句話的意思是自動創建或者更改數據庫里面的表或者表的內容結構

<mapping resource="com/bird/domain/User.hbm.xml"/>這句話的意思是要求裝載這個類映射文件

下面就可以運行這個了，記住，別忘了導入Mysql的Connection的Jar包。

package com.bird.hibernate.test;  
  
import java.util.Date;  
  
import org.hibernate.Session;  
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;  
import org.hibernate.Transaction;  
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;  
  
import com.bird.domain.User;  
  
public class Base {  
  
    /** 
     * @param args 
     */  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        Configuration cfg = new Configuration();  
        cfg.configure();  
          
        @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")  
        SessionFactory sf = cfg.buildSessionFactory();  
          
        Session s = sf.openSession();  
          
        Transaction tx = s.beginTransaction();  
        User use = new User();  
        use.setBirthday(new Date());  
        use.setName("bird");  
          
        s.save(use);  
        tx.commit();  
        s.close();  
          
    }  
  
}  

運行結果如下

2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.annotations.common.Version <clinit>  
INFO: HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {4.0.1.Final}  
2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.Version logVersion  
INFO: HHH000412: Hibernate Core {4.0.1.Final}  
2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.cfg.Environment <clinit>  
INFO: HHH000206: hibernate.properties not found  
2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.cfg.Environment buildBytecodeProvider  
INFO: HHH000021: Bytecode provider name : javassist  
2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration configure  
INFO: HHH000043: Configuring from resource: /hibernate.cfg.xml  
2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration getConfigurationInputStream  
INFO: HHH000040: Configuration resource: /hibernate.cfg.xml  
2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource  
INFO: HHH000221: Reading mappings from resource: com/bird/domain/User.hbm.xml  
2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration doConfigure  
INFO: HHH000041: Configured SessionFactory: null  
2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure  
INFO: HHH000402: Using Hibernate built-in connection pool (not for production use!)  
2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure  
INFO: HHH000115: Hibernate connection pool size: 20  
2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure  
INFO: HHH000006: Autocommit mode: false  
2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure  
INFO: HHH000401: using driver [com.mysql.jdbc.Driver] at URL [jdbc:mysql:///test]  
2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure  
INFO: HHH000046: Connection properties: {user=root, password=****}  
2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect <init>  
INFO: HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect  
2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.TransactionFactoryInitiator initiateService  
INFO: HHH000399: Using default transaction strategy (direct JDBC transactions)  
2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory <init>  
INFO: HHH000397: Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory  
2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate execute  
INFO: HHH000228: Running hbm2ddl schema update  
2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate execute  
INFO: HHH000102: Fetching database metadata  
2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate execute  
INFO: HHH000396: Updating schema  
2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.TableMetadata <init>  
INFO: HHH000261: Table found: test.user  
2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.TableMetadata <init>  
INFO: HHH000037: Columns: [id, birthday, name]  
2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.TableMetadata <init>  
INFO: HHH000108: Foreign keys: []  
2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.TableMetadata <init>  
INFO: HHH000126: Indexes: [primary]  
2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate execute  
INFO: HHH000232: Schema update complete  

這樣就可以了