Hibernate框架的搭建和第一個簡單的實例

Hibernate是一個支持對JDBC進行封裝的框架，實現了對底層數據庫訪問的封裝。非常適合使用和開發。首先需要下

載Hibernate，可以在這個網站下載最新包。http://www.hibernate.org/然后打開他的目錄結構，將lib目錄下的required目

錄下的包全部導入到工程中去，這個是hibernate運行所必須的最少的包。

然后寫一個Bean，將需要儲存到數據庫中的變量封裝成Bean。為了讓Hibernate識別這個bean，需要一個配置文

件，這里起名叫User.hbm.xml。先看一下User的代碼和User.hbm.xml的代碼

package com.bird.domain; import java.util.Date; public class User { private int id; private String name; private Date birthday; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Date getBirthday() { return birthday; } public void setBirthday(Date birthday) { this.birthday = birthday; } }
<?xml version="1.0" ?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="com.bird.domain"> <class name="User"> <id name="id"> <generator class="native"/> </id> <property name="name"/> <property name="birthday"/> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
然后需要一個Hibernate的配置文件,這個文件的例子可以再Hibenate解壓目錄的project里面的ect目錄里面找到。更加

詳細的配置選項和要求可以參考hibernate.properties.template這個文件.

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///test</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.password">mysql</property> <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property> <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> <mapping resource="com/bird/domain/User.hbm.xml"/> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>這句話的意思是指定你使用的數

據庫的方言.

<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>這句話的意思是自動創建或者更改數據庫里面的表或

者表的內容結構

<mapping resource="com/bird/domain/User.hbm.xml"/>這句話的意思是要求裝載這個類映射文件

下面就可以運行這個了，記住，別忘了導入Mysql的Connection的Jar包。

package com.bird.hibernate.test; import java.util.Date; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.hibernate.Transaction; import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; import com.bird.domain.User; public class Base { /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { Configuration cfg = new Configuration(); cfg.configure(); @SuppressWarnings("deprecation") SessionFactory sf = cfg.buildSessionFactory(); Session s = sf.openSession(); Transaction tx = s.beginTransaction(); User use = new User(); use.setBirthday(new Date()); use.setName("bird"); s.save(use); tx.commit(); s.close(); } }
運行結果如下

2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.annotations.common.Version <clinit> INFO: HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {4.0.1.Final} 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.Version logVersion INFO: HHH000412: Hibernate Core {4.0.1.Final} 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.cfg.Environment <clinit> INFO: HHH000206: hibernate.properties not found 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.cfg.Environment buildBytecodeProvider INFO: HHH000021: Bytecode provider name : javassist 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration configure INFO: HHH000043: Configuring from resource: /hibernate.cfg.xml 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration getConfigurationInputStream INFO: HHH000040: Configuration resource: /hibernate.cfg.xml 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration addResource INFO: HHH000221: Reading mappings from resource: com/bird/domain/User.hbm.xml 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration doConfigure INFO: HHH000041: Configured SessionFactory: null 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure INFO: HHH000402: Using Hibernate built-in connection pool (not for production use!) 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure INFO: HHH000115: Hibernate connection pool size: 20 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure INFO: HHH000006: Autocommit mode: false 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure INFO: HHH000401: using driver [com.mysql.jdbc.Driver] at URL [jdbc:mysql:///test] 2012-2-28 12:12:38 org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure INFO: HHH000046: Connection properties: {user=root, password=****} 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect <init> INFO: HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.TransactionFactoryInitiator initiateService INFO: HHH000399: Using default transaction strategy (direct JDBC transactions) 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory <init> INFO: HHH000397: Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate execute INFO: HHH000228: Running hbm2ddl schema update 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate execute INFO: HHH000102: Fetching database metadata 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate execute INFO: HHH000396: Updating schema 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.TableMetadata <init> INFO: HHH000261: Table found: test.user 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.TableMetadata <init> INFO: HHH000037: Columns: [id, birthday, name] 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.TableMetadata <init> INFO: HHH000108: Foreign keys: [] 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.TableMetadata <init> INFO: HHH000126: Indexes: [primary] 2012-2-28 12:12:39 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate execute INFO: HHH000232: Schema update complete
這樣就可以了