Spring 中的接口知識整理

本想每個小知識一篇隨筆，但是那樣，看起來有些單薄，所以，就放在一片文章里了。而且，以后還會慢慢在最后不斷的追加。

目錄：

FactoryBean

BeanPostProcessor

 

1.FactoryBean

FactoryBean接口，它在Spring框架源碼內部，被大量使用，如使用AOP創建bean的代理時，使用了ProxyFactoryBean；從JNDI中查找對象時，使用了JndiObjectFactoryBean。

它在框架外，很少使用。但是為了學習，也得研究研究，您說是不？

它怎么使用？首先看看構造。

public interface FactoryBean<T> {

　// 返回的是這個工廠管理的對象的實例 2 T getObject() throws Exception;

　// 返回的是工廠創建的對象的類型
Class<?> getObjectType();

boolean isSingleton();

}

上個例子，看具體東西。

public class Tool {


    private int id;
    public Tool(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
}

public class ToolFactory implements FactoryBean<Tool> {

    private int factoryId;
    private int toolId;

　　　　// 創建的是Tool的對象
    @Override
    public Tool getObject() throws Exception {
 8         return new Tool(toolId);
 9     }

    @Override
    public Class<?> getObjectType() {
13         return Tool.class;
14     }

    @Override
    public boolean isSingleton() {
        return false;
    }

    public int getFactoryId() {
        return factoryId;
    }

    public int getToolId() {
        return toolId;
    }

    public void setFactoryId(int factoryId) {
        this.factoryId = factoryId;
    }

    public void setToolId(int toolId) {
        this.toolId = toolId;
    }

}

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        @SuppressWarnings("resource")
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beaFactoryTest.xml");  
        Tool tool = (Tool) context.getBean("tool");  
　　　　　　 // 在名字前面加　& 表示要得到工廠類的bean  7         ToolFactory tool2 = (ToolFactory) context.getBean("&tool");  
        System.out.println("Tool Id is " + tool.getId());
        System.out.println("ToolFactory Id is " + tool2.getFactoryId());
        
    }
}

    <bean id="tool" class="com.lee.demo.beanfactory.ToolFactory">
        <property name="factoryId" value="9090"/>
        <property name="toolId" value="108"/>
    </bean>

最后執行結果：

Tool Id is 108
ToolFactory Id is 9090

 

2.BeanPostProcessor

 它叫bean后處理器,也就是處理bean，它針對所有的bean，在初始化前后，對bean進行操作。主要內容我會在例子中描述。

例子：

public class HelloWorld {
    private String message;

    public void setMessage(String message) {
        this.message = message;
    }

    public void getMessage() {
        System.out.println("Your Message : " + message);
    }
　　
    
       // 加上init方法和destory方法，是為了在后面驗證他們和postProcessBeforeInitialization  postProcessAfterInitialization 執行的先后順序
    public void init() {
        System.out.println("Bean is going through init.");
    }

    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("Bean will destroy now.");
    }
}

 

public class InitHelloWorld implements BeanPostProcessor {

　　　　// BeanPostProcessor 接口中主要是下面兩個方法 初始化前的后處理 初始化后的后處理
    @Override
    public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {

        System.out.println("BeforeInitialization : " + beanName);
        return bean; // you can return any other object as well
    }

    @Override
    public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {

        System.out.println("AfterInitialization : " + beanName);
        return bean; // you can return any other object as well
    }

}

Test.java

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        @SuppressWarnings("resource")
        AbstractApplicationContext  context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beaFactoryTest.xml");  
        HelloWorld obj = (HelloWorld) context.getBean("helloWorld");
        obj.getMessage();
　　　　　　 // 注冊鈎子方法  8         context.registerShutdownHook();
    }
}

查看源碼：

@Override
　　　　// 在JVM運行期間，注冊一個鈎子關閉方法，關閉掉這個context。實際的關閉程序的操作，被代理給doClose方法。  2     public void registerShutdownHook() {
        if (this.shutdownHook == null) {
            // No shutdown hook registered yet.
            this.shutdownHook = new Thread() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    doClose();
                }
            };
            Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(this.shutdownHook);
        }
    }

xml文件

    <bean id = "helloWorld" class = "com.lee.demo.beanfactory.HelloWorld"
      init-method = "init" destroy-method = "destroy">
      <property name = "message" value = "Hello World!"/>
   </bean>

   <bean class = "com.lee.demo.beanfactory.InitHelloWorld" />

執行結果：

BeforeInitialization : helloWorld
Bean is going through init.
AfterInitialization : helloWorld
Your Message : Hello World!
[org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext] - Closing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@6ae40994: startup date [Thu May 17 23:31:53 JST 2018]; root of context hierarchy
Bean will destroy now.

 在這里大致說一下Spring的實例化過程：

實例化Bean對象→設置對象屬性→檢查Aware相關接口並設置相關依賴→BeanPostProcessor前置處理→檢查是否是InitializingBean以決定是否調用afterPropertiesSet方法→

檢查是否配置有自定義的init-method方法→BeanPostProcessor后置處理→是否實現DisposableBean接口→是否配置有自定義的destroy方法

 

3.Aware接口

它是干什么用的呢？作用就是通過上下文（Context)可以獲得當前環境。看看它的接口：

我們拿BeanNameAware來舉個例子。

public class User implements GetNameAware {

    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String address;
 6     @Override
 7     public void setBeanName(String name) {
 8         this.id = name;
 9     }
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

}

public class User2 {

    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String address;
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

}

public interface GetNameAware extends BeanNameAware {


}

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beaFactoryTest.xml");
        User user = (User) ctx.getBean("user1");
        User2 user2 = (User2) ctx.getBean("user2");
        System.out.println("user id " + user.getId() + " user name " + user.getName() + " user address " + user.getAddress());
        System.out.println("========================================");
        System.out.println("user2 id " + user2.getId() + " user2 name " + user2.getName() + " user2 address " + user2.getAddress());
    }
}

    <bean id="user1" class="com.lee.demo.aware.User">
        <property name="name" value="lee"/>
        <property name="address" value="China"/>
    </bean>
    
    <bean id="user2" class="com.lee.demo.aware.User2">
        <property name="name" value="lin"/>
        <property name="address" value="Tokyo"/>
    </bean>

執行結果（user id 因為繼承了GetNameAware接口，對BeanName進行了設置）：

user id user1 user name lee user address China
========================================
user2 id null user2 name lin user2 address Tokyo