centos7之Mysql安裝

環境准備

　　從CentOS 7.0發布以來，yum源中開始使用mariadb來代替MySQL的安裝。即使你輸入的是yum install mysql , 顯示的也是mariadb的安裝內容。

　　首先先卸載mariadb。

　　檢查mariadb是否已安裝

[root@localhost ~]# yum list installed | grep mariadb  
mariadb-libs.x86_64                  1:5.5.56-2.el7                    @anaconda

　　全部卸載

[root@localhost ~]#  yum -y remove mariadb*  
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 will be erased
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-6.el7 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=======================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                  Arch                               Version                                       Repository                             Size
=======================================================================================================================================================================
Removing:
 mariadb-libs                             x86_64                             1:5.5.56-2.el7                                @anaconda                             4.4 M
Removing for dependencies:
 postfix                                  x86_64                             2:2.10.1-6.el7                                @anaconda                              12 M

Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================================================================================================
Remove  1 Package (+1 Dependent package)

Installed size: 17 M
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Erasing    : 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                       1/2 
  Erasing    : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                  2/2 
  Verifying  : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                  1/2 
  Verifying  : 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                       2/2 

Removed:
  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7                                                                                                                                   

Dependency Removed:
  postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-6.el7                                                                                                                                        

Complete!

 

安裝Mysql

　　一、下載安裝官方提供的yum rpm包

　　下載網頁：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

　　點擊Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (Architecture Independent), RPM Package后面的download，進入新的頁面點擊No thanks, just start my download.就可以看到下載源地址了。

　　下載wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

　　安裝rpm包

rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

　　檢查mysql的yum源是否安裝成功：yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*" 

[root@localhost src]# yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64       MySQL Connectors Community           51
mysql-tools-community/x86_64            MySQL Tools Community                63
mysql80-community/x86_64                MySQL 8.0 Community Server           17

　　二、使用yum install mysql-server安裝（這里會有點慢）

yum -y  install mysql-server

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qi mysql-community-server  
Name        : mysql-community-server
Version     : 8.0.11
Release     : 1.el7
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: Thu 17 May 2018 09:40:08 PM EDT
Group       : Applications/Databases
Size        : 1633523890
License     : Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Under GPLv2 license as shown in the Description field.
Signature   : DSA/SHA1, Sun 08 Apr 2018 01:07:21 PM EDT, Key ID 8c718d3b5072e1f5
Source RPM  : mysql-community-8.0.11-1.el7.src.rpm
Build Date  : Sun 08 Apr 2018 03:29:08 AM EDT
Build Host  : siv27.no.oracle.com
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Packager    : MySQL Release Engineering <[e-mail]>
Vendor      : Oracle and/or its affiliates
URL         : http://www.mysql.com/
Summary     : A very fast and reliable SQL database server
Description :
The MySQL(TM) software delivers a very fast, multi-threaded, multi-user,
and robust SQL (Structured Query Language) database server. MySQL Server
is intended for mission-critical, heavy-load production systems as well
as for embedding into mass-deployed software. MySQL is a trademark of
Oracle and/or its affiliates

The MySQL software has Dual Licensing, which means you can use the MySQL
software free of charge under the GNU General Public License
(http://www.gnu.org/licenses/). You can also purchase commercial MySQL
licenses from Oracle and/or its affiliates if you do not wish to be bound by the terms of
the GPL. See the chapter "Licensing and Support" in the manual for
further info.

The MySQL web site (http://www.mysql.com/) provides the latest news and
information about the MySQL software.  Also please see the documentation
and the manual for more information.

This package includes the MySQL server binary as well as related utilities
to run and administer a MySQL server.

 

　　三、啟動mysql

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start  
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service

　　四、使用初始密碼登錄

[root@localhost ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log|grep 'A temporary password' 
2018-05-18T02:01:17.558742Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: belPU>iuF4*H

　　最后一行冒號后面的部分belPU>iuF4*H就是初始密碼。 

　　五、mysql5.7開始對root密碼復雜性要求很高，必須有數字、字母大小寫、符號（應該是需要8位以上），這里我么還查show databases；不了。

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.11

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

　　只需要把root密碼更改的復雜一些即可。

　　更改密碼方法：

解決辦法
1、 修改用戶密碼
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'youpassword';  

或者（下面這個只能修改當前登錄的用戶密碼）       

mysql> set password=password("youpassword");
2、刷新權限
mysql> flush privileges;

　　示例

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'qA123,./';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.10 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

　　重啟mysqld服務。

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld.service

　　

常用的命令：

systemctl start mysqld    #啟動mysqld
systemctl stop mysqld    #停止mysqld
systemctl restart mysqld    #重啟mysqld
systemctl enable mysqld   #設置開機啟動

systemctl status mysqld    #查看 MySQL Server 狀態