centos7下安裝mysql

配置環節請按實際情況修改

1. 下載並安裝MySQL官方的Yum Repository

[root@localhost ~]# wget -i -c https://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
https://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

使用上面的命令直接安裝Yum Repository

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

安裝MySQL服務器

root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mysql-community-server

2. MySQL數據庫設置
啟動MySQL

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start  mysqld.service

查看MySQL運行狀態

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status mysqld.service

此時MySQL已經開始正常運行，需要找出root的密碼

[root@localhost ~]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log

如下命令登錄mysql

# mysql -uroot -p

輸入初始密碼，此時不能做任何事情，因為MYSQL默認必須修改密碼才能正常使用

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new password';

# 這里會遇到一個問題，新密碼設置過於簡單會報錯123

可通過如下命令查看完整的初始密碼規則

mysql>show variables like 'validate_password%';

可通過如下命令修改

mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;

還有一個問題就是Yum Repository,以后每次 yum 操作都會自動更新，需要把這個卸載掉

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch

遠程登錄數據庫出現下面出錯信息
ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can’t connect to MySQL server on ‘xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx’,
原因是沒有授予相應的權限

#任何主機
mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;

#指定主機
mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'jack'@’10.10.50.127’ IDENTIFIED BY '654321' WITH GRANT OPTION;

# 然后刷新權限
mysql>flush privileges;

修改mysql數據庫總的user表使相的用戶能從某一主機登錄

mysql>use mysql;
mysql>update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
mysql>select host, user from user;

客戶端提供MYSQL的環境，但是不支持中文,通過以下命令可以查看mysql的字符集

mysql>show variables like 'character_set%';

顯示如下：

為了讓 MySQL支持中文，需要把字符集改成UTF-8，方法如下

# vim /etc/my.cnf

改成如下內容

[client]
port=3306
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
character-set-server=utf8

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

重啟mysql服務

# service mysqld restart

重新查看數據庫編碼

show variables like 'character_set%';