SQL LEFT JOIN 關鍵字
LEFT JOIN 關鍵字會從左表 (table_name1) 那里返回所有的行,即使在右表 (table_name2) 中沒有匹配的行。
LEFT JOIN 關鍵字語法
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1 LEFT JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name
注釋:在某些數據庫中, LEFT JOIN 稱為 LEFT OUTER JOIN。
SQL RIGHT JOIN 關鍵字
RIGHT JOIN 關鍵字會右表 (table_name2) 那里返回所有的行,即使在左表 (table_name1) 中沒有匹配的行。
RIGHT JOIN 關鍵字語法
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1 RIGHT JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name
注釋:在某些數據庫中, RIGHT JOIN 稱為 RIGHT OUTER JOIN。
SQL FULL JOIN 關鍵字
只要其中某個表存在匹配,FULL JOIN 關鍵字就會返回行。
FULL JOIN 關鍵字語法
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1 FULL JOIN table_name2 ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name
注釋:在某些數據庫中, FULL JOIN 稱為 FULL OUTER JOIN。
很苦惱 MySQL不支持全關聯,只能實現左右關聯,通過觀察左右關聯的結果數據發現,我們可以根據左右關聯的結果實現 全關聯:
思路很簡單: 左關聯結果表: tempa 右關聯結果表: tempb 全關聯結果表: select * from ( select * from tempa union select * from tempb) c;
用例驗證:
1.建表語句(基礎表)
drop table if exists data_stock1; create table data_stock (account varchar(10),amount1 int,init_date varchar(20)); INSERT INTO `data_stock1` VALUES ('2002', 210, '20170101'); INSERT INTO `data_stock1` VALUES ('2001', 70, '20170101'); INSERT INTO `data_stock1` VALUES ('2001', 200, '20170102'); INSERT INTO `data_stock1` VALUES ('2001', 30, '20170103'); INSERT INTO `data_stock1` VALUES ('2002', 10, '20170102'); drop table if exists data_stock1; create table data_stock (account varchar(10),amount2 int,init_date varchar(20)); INSERT INTO `data_stock2` VALUES ('2003', 70, '20170102'); INSERT INTO `data_stock2` VALUES ('2001', 200, '20170101'); INSERT INTO `data_stock2` VALUES ('2001', 30, '20170102'); INSERT INTO `data_stock2` VALUES ('2002', 10, '20170102'); INSERT INTO `data_stock2` VALUES ('2003', 30, '20170101');
2.全聯接生成實驗
SELECT * from data_stock1 ORDER BY init_date; SELECT * from data_stock2 ORDER BY init_date; -- 左聯 left JOIN 結果存到臨時表 Drop table if EXISTS tempA; create TABLE tempA(account VARCHAR(10),amount1 int,init_date VARCHAR(20),account1 VARCHAR(10),amount2 int,init_date1 VARCHAR(10)) AS -- 插入的數據 select a.*,b.account as account1,amount2,b.init_date as init_date1 from data_stock1 a LEFT JOIN data_stock2 b on a.account= b.account and a.init_date=b.init_date; -- 右聯 right JOIN 存到臨時表 Drop table if EXISTS tempB; create TABLE tempB(account VARCHAR(10),amount1 int,init_date VARCHAR(20),account1 VARCHAR(10),amount2 int,init_date1 VARCHAR(10)) AS -- 插入的數據 select a.*,b.account as account1,amount2,b.init_date as init_date1 from data_stock1 a RIGHT JOIN data_stock2 b on a.account= b.account and a.init_date=b.init_date; -- 全聯 full outer JOIN Drop table if EXISTS tempc; create table tempc(account VARCHAR(10),amount1 int,init_date VARCHAR(20),account1 VARCHAR(10),amount2 int,init_date1 VARCHAR(10)) AS -- 插入的數據 SELECT * from ( select * from tempa union SELECT * from tempb) b;
3.后續操作,計算amount1 + amount2
SELECT IFNULL(account,account1),IFNULL(init_date,init_date1), IFNULL(amount1,0)+IFNULL(amount1,0) AS total from tempc where (account=account1) and (init_date=init_date1) ;