oracle 11g 單實例靜默安裝
AUTHOR：Oracle_Ran
環境規划：
OS Version : Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.7 (Santiago)
Oracle Version: 11.2.0.4
操作系統環境配置可參考Oracle 單實例安裝文檔
1、上傳Oracle安裝介質，進入解壓目錄，復制響應文件模板
cd /home/oracle/
mkdir rsp
cp /db/soft/database/response/* /home/oracle/rsp/
su - root
chmod 700 /home/oracle/rsp/*.rsp
chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/rsp/
2、修改響應文件相關參數
vi /home/oracle/rsp/db_install.rsp
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY //安裝類型 ORACLE_HOSTNAME=hostname //主機名稱 UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall //安裝組 INVENTORY_LOCATION=/db/oraInventory //INVENTORY目錄 SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,AL32UTF8 //選擇語言 ORACLE_HOME=/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 //oracle_home ORACLE_BASE=/db/oracle //oracle_base oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE //oracle版本 oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=true //自定義安裝 oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba //dba用戶組 oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall //oper用戶組 oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE //數據庫類型 oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=oadb //globalDBName oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl //SID oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8 //字符集 oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512 //自動管理內存的最小內存(M) oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle //設定所有數據庫用戶使用同一個密碼 DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true //設置安全更新
3、靜默 安裝數據庫軟件
[oracle@template database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -responseFile /home/oracle/res/db_install.rsp
【注意】
安裝過程中如果出現Fail,說明安裝中斷。
出現Waring可以不用理會，此時安裝仍在進行，可隨時注意查看安裝日志即可。
報錯一： Starting Oracle Universal Installer... Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 8033 MB Passed Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 4095 MB Passed Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2018-04-05_06-27-07PM. Please wait ...
[oracle@template database]$ [F] [INS-10101] The given response file /home/oracle/res/db_install.rsp is not found. CAUSE: The given response file is either not accessible or do not exist. ACTION: Give a correct response file location. (Note: relative path is not supported) A log of this session is currently saved as: /tmp/OraInstall2018-04-05_06-27-07PM/installActions2018-04-05_06-27-07PM.log.
Oracle recoms that if you want to keep this log, you should move it from the temporary location to a more permanent location. 根據紅色部分提示，發現路徑寫錯。
報錯二：
SEVERE: [FATAL] PRVF-0002 : Could not retrieve local nodename.
Refer associated stacktrace #oracle.install.commons.util.exception.DefaultErrorAdvisor:35
INFO: Advice is ABORT
SEVERE: Unconditional Exit
INFO: Adding ExitStatus FAILURE to the exit status set
WARNING: A log of this session is currently saved as: /tmp/OraInstall2019-07-23_04-02-55PM/installActions2019-07-23_04-02-55PM.log. Oracle recommends that if you want to keep this log, you should move it from t
he temporary location to a more permanent location.
INFO: Finding the most appropriate exit status for the current application
INFO: Exit Status is -1
INFO: Shutdown Oracle Database 11g Release 2 Installer
主機名解析錯誤，檢查/etc/hosts,hostname 輸出是否一致。
再次執行： [oracle@template database]$ [oracle@template database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -responseFile /home/oracle/rsp/db_install.rsp Starting Oracle Universal Installer... Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 8033 MB Passed Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 4095 MB Passed Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2018-04-05_06-31-06PM. Please wait ...[oracle@template database]$ [Wt meet some optional requirements. CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. /tmp/OraInstall2018-04-05_06-31-06PM/installActions2018 ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: /tmp/OraInstall2018-04-05_06-31-06PM/installActions2018-04-05_e or
from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually. You can find the log of this install session at: /db/oraInventory/logs/installActions2018-04-05_06-31-06PM.log 正常輸出 這里提示安裝成功，運行腳本：
[oracle@template database]$ The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful. Please check '/db/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2018-04-05_06-31-06PM.log' for more details. As a root user, execute the following script(s): 1. /db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh Successfully Setup Software. 到root 用戶執行該腳本：
/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
查看安裝日志： （安裝已經完成）
tail -f /db/oraInventory/logs/installActions2018-04-05_06-31-06PM.log
...
...
INFO: Completed validating state <finish>
INFO: Terminating all background operations
INFO: Terminated all background operations
INFO: Successfully executed the flow in SILENT mode
INFO: Adding ExitStatus SUCCESS_WITH_WARNINGS to the exit status set
INFO: Finding the most appropriate exit status for the current application
INFO: Exit Status is 6
INFO: List of warnings encountered in this Application:
INFO: PREREQS_FAILED_WITH_WARNING
INFO: Shutdown Oracle Database 11g Release 2 Installer
安裝過程中可以查看日志或者 ps -ef|grep oracle 查看安裝進程是否存在
ORACLE_HOME 的磁盤空間也會一直增大 du -sh
登錄驗證安裝成功：
如果安裝時報錯：
[FATAL] [INS-13013] Target environment do not meet some mandatory requirements.
CAUSE: Some of the mandatory prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. /tmp/OraInstall2019-05-06_04-03-46PM/installActions2019-05-06_04-03-46PM.log
ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: /tmp/OraInstall2019-05-06_04-03-46PM/installActions2019-05-06_04-03-46PM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find t
he appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.
INFO: Advice is ABORT
可以執行： ./runInstaller -silent -executePrereqs 執行先決條件檢查
如果還是報同樣的錯誤，就忽略報錯：
./runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -ignorePrereq -responseFile /home/oracle/rsp/db_install.rsp
或者
./runInstaller -ignorePrereq -silent -force -responseFile /home/oracle/rsp/db_install.rsp
4、靜默配置監聽
[oracle@template database] $ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca /silent /responseFile /home/oracle/rsp/netca.rsp
可直接修改 /netca.rsp 文件內的配置來創建監聽
5、靜默安裝數據庫
安裝數據庫可以通過修改響應文件和直接使用命令 兩種方式來安裝 修改僅安裝數據庫的響應文件 vim /home/oracle/rsp/dbca.rsp [CREATEDATABASE] //僅修改此部分即可，可按照實際需求調整 GDBNAME="oadb.template" //全局數據庫的名字=SID+主機域名 SID="oadb" //SID CHARACTERSET="AL32UTF8" //編碼 NATIONALCHARACTERSET="UTF8" //編碼 DATAFILEDESTINATION=$ORACLE_BASE/oradata //數據文件路徑，默認為$ORACLE_BASE/oradata
開始靜默創建數據庫：
[oracle@template database] $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/rsp/dbca.rsp
執行之后會要求輸入sys/system 密碼(可以在響應文件中直接修改)
Copying database files
1% complete
3% complete
11% complete
18% complete
26% complete
37% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
40% complete
45% complete
50% complete
55% complete
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62% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
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73% complete
85% complete
96% complete
100% complete
Look at the log file "/db/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/oadb/oadb.log" for further details.
數據庫創建完成。
安裝過程查看安裝日志：
[root@ctc_som_app07 ~]# tail -f /db/oraInventory/logs/installActions2018-05-10_03-42-17PM.log
信息: 正在安裝
信息: 將文件提取到 '/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1'。
信息: 將文件提取到 '/db/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1'。
信息: 根據文件 'oracle.server_EE_exp_1.xml' 中的信息執行快速復制操作。
信息: 根據文件 'racfiles.jar' 中的信息執行快速復制操作。
信息: 根據文件 'oracle.server_EE_dirs.lst' 中的信息執行快速復制操作。
信息: 根據文件 'oracle.server_EE_filemap.jar' 中的信息執行快速復制操作。
信息: 根據文件 'oracle.server_EE_1.xml' 中的信息執行快速復制操作。
信息: 根據文件 'setperms1.sh' 中的信息執行快速復制操作。
信息: Number of threads for fast copy :1
信息: The expanded list location :/tmp/OraInstall2018-05-10_03-42-17PM/fastcopy/oracle.server_EE_exp_1.xml
信息: Executing permissions file from :/tmp/OraInstall2018-05-10_03-42-17PM/fastcopy/setperms1.sh
信息: chmod 0755 bin/chopt
信息: chmod 0744 install/utl/rootmacro.sbs
信息: chmod 0755 bin/zip bin/unzip bin/oerr bin/genorasdksh bin/gensyslib bin/linkshlib
信息: chmod 0755 bin/csscan
信息: chmod 0750 bin/ctxkbtc bin/ctxlc bin/ctxload ctx/bin/ctxhx
信息: chmod 0644 relnotes/readmes/README_jdbc.txt jdbc/Readme.txt
信息: chmod 0644 relnotes/readmes/README_ucp.txt ucp/Readme.txt
信息: chmod 0755 crs/sbs/localconfig.sbs crs/sbs/clsrwrap.sbs crs/install/rootofs.sh bin/gnsd crs/sbs/srvctl.sbs crs/install/s_crsconfig_defs srvm/admin/getcrshome
信息: chmod 0644 cv/cvutl/check_nodeadd.pl
信息: chmod 0755 cv/remenv/exectask cv/remenv/orarun.sh cv/remenv/exectask.sh cv/remenv/runfixup.sh
信息: chmod 0755 bin/racgwrap.sbs bin/cluvfyrac.sh bin/lsnodes bin/crsdiag.pl bin/rawutl bin/osdbagrp bin/srvconfig
信息: chmod 0755 cv/remenv/exectask srvm/admin/getcrshome bin/osdbagrp crs/install/rootcrs.pl crs/install/roothas.pl crs/install/crsconfig_params.sbs crs/install/crsconfig_lib.pm crs/install/oracss.pm crs/install/oraacfs.pm crs/install/crsdelete.pm crs/install/crspatch.pm crs/install/hasdconfig.pl crs/install/s_crsconfig_lib.pm cv/remenv/exectask.sh srvm/admin/ractrans cv/cvdata/admin.dtd cv/cvdata/admin.xml cv/cvdata/constraints.dtd cv/cvdata/constraints.xml cv/cvdata/cvu_prereq.xml cv/cvdata/ora_software_cfg.xml cv/cvdata/pluggable.xml cv/cvdata/pluggable.xsd cv/cvdata/prereq.xsd crs/install/install.excl crs/install/installRemove.excl crs/install/s_crsconfig_defs cv/admin/cvu_config
...
....
進入數據庫查詢數據庫的狀態。
后續的參數調整根據個人實際情況進行修改。
調整日志組大小：
alter database add logfile group 4 '/db/oracle/oradata/newbusdb/redo04.log' size 1024M;
alter database add logfile group 5 '/db/oracle/oradata/newbusdb/redo05.log' size 1024M;
alter database add logfile group 6 '/db/oracle/oradata/newbusdb/redo06.log' size 1024M;
刪除默認安裝的redo:
切換日志組，待日志變為INACTIVE 狀態之后刪除：
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
SQL> select GROUP#,BYTES/1024/1024 M,MEMBERS,ARCHIVED,STATUS from v$log;
GROUP# M MEMBERS ARC STATUS
---------- ---------- ---------- --- ----------------
3 50 1 NO INACTIVE
4 1024 1 NO INACTIVE
5 1024 1 NO INACTIVE
6 1024 1 NO CURRENT
刪除group3:
alter database drop logfile group 3;
OK!