環境：RHEL 6.5 + Oracle 11.2.0.4
說明：
- 本文默認安裝軟件前的步驟已經設置完畢
如果沒有設置，可參考 《Linux平台oracle 11g單實例 安裝部署配置 快速參考》1,2,3,4步進行設置。 - 靜默安裝只是不調用圖形界面安裝，靜默安裝數據庫依然是調用的dbca，並不是手工建庫。
手工建庫可參考：http://www.cnblogs.com/jyzhao/p/4635826.html - 本次演示安裝的規划目錄
本次規划數據庫軟件安裝目錄：/u02/app/oracle
本次規划數據庫存儲目錄：/u02/oradata
1. 初步處理應答文件
## 1.1 先備份原應答文件 ##cd database/response
mkdir rspbak
cp *.rsp ./rspbak
1.2 刪除應答文件中的注釋行(以#開頭)
#vi編輯替換或者直接使用sed命令快速替換
$ sed -i 's/^#.*$//g' *.rsp
1.3 刪除沒有內容的空行(^$)
#vi編輯替換或者直接使用sed命令快速替換
$ sed -i '/^$/d' *.rsp
2. 靜默安裝軟件
## 2.1 編輯db_install.rsp文件 ## $ more /u02/soft/database/response/db_install.rsporacle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=JY-DB01
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u02/app/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en
ORACLE_HOME=/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
ORACLE_BASE=/u02/app/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false
oracle.install.db.optionalComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.4.0,or
acle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.4.0
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=
oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=
oracle.install.db.racOneServiceName=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
PROXY_HOST=
PROXY_PORT=
PROXY_USER=
PROXY_PWD=
PROXY_REALM=
COLLECTOR_SUPPORTHUB_URL=
oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=
oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadUpdatesLoc=
AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
2.2 靜默安裝軟件
$ cd /u02/soft/database/
$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -responseFile /u02/soft/database/response/db_install.rsp
安裝成功應有的輸出提示：
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 21313 MB Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 4015 MB Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2015-11-30_11-40-10AM. Please wait ...[oracle@JY-DB01 database]$ [WARNING] [INS-13014] Target environment do not meet some optional requirements.
CAUSE: Some of the optional prerequisites are not met. See logs for details. /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-11-30_11-40-10AM.log
ACTION: Identify the list of failed prerequisite checks from the log: /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-11-30_11-40-10AM.log. Then either from the log file or from installation manual find the appropriate configuration to meet the prerequisites and fix it manually.
You can find the log of this install session at:
/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-11-30_11-40-10AM.log
The installation of Oracle Database 11g was successful.
Please check '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2015-11-30_11-40-10AM.log' for more details.
As a root user, execute the following script(s):
1. /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
Successfully Setup Software.
2.3 按提示root用戶執行腳本
# /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
Check /u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/install/root_JY-DB01_2015-11-30_11-48-22.log for the output of root script
注意：如果機器之前沒有安裝其他數據庫，這里就應該是提示執行兩個腳本，按具體提示執行即可。
2.4 配置環境變量
vi /home/oracle/jingyu
export ORACLE_SID=jingyu
export ORACLE_BASE=/u02/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export NLS_LANG="american_america.ZHS16GBK"
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="YYYY-MM-DD HH24:Mi:SS"
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/home/oracle/bin
echo "--------------------------"
echo "ORACLE_BASE"=$ORACLE_BASE
echo "ORACLE_HOME"=$ORACLE_HOME
echo "ORACLE_SID"=$ORACLE_SID
echo "--------------------------"
echo "NLS_LANG"=$NLS_LANG
echo "NLS_DATE_FORMAT"=$NLS_DATE_FORMAT
echo "LD_LIBRARY_PATH"=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
echo "PATH"=$PATH
echo "--------------------------"
執行source jingyu即可切換到新數據庫環境變量
$ source jingyu
--------------------------
ORACLE_BASE=/u02/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
ORACLE_SID=jingyu
--------------------------
NLS_LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK
NLS_DATE_FORMAT=YYYY-MM-DD HH24:Mi:SS
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib
PATH=/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/home/oracle/bin
--------------------------
注意：如果需要默認用戶變量，則oracle用戶配置~/.bash_profile文件。
3. 靜默安裝監聽
## 3.1 編輯netca.rsp文件 ## $ more /u02/soft/database/response/netca.rsp[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION="11.2"
CREATE_TYPE="CUSTOM"
[oracle.net.ca]
INSTALLED_COMPONENTS={"server","net8","javavm"}
INSTALL_TYPE=""typical""
LISTENER_NUMBER=1
LISTENER_NAMES={"LISTENER"}
LISTENER_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;1521"}
LISTENER_START=""LISTENER""
NAMING_METHODS={"TNSNAMES","ONAMES","HOSTNAME"}
NSN_NUMBER=1
NSN_NAMES={"EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA"}
NSN_SERVICE={"PLSExtProc"}
NSN_PROTOCOLS={"TCP;HOSTNAME;1521"}
3.2 靜默創建監聽
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca /silent /responsefile /u02/soft/database/response/netca.rsp
Parsing command line arguments:
Parameter "silent" = true
Parameter "responsefile" = /u02/soft/database/response/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/u02/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
4. 靜默dbca建庫
## 4.1 編輯dbca.rsp文件 ## $ more /u02/soft/database/response/dbca.rsp[GENERAL]
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"
OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"
[CREATEDATABASE]
GDBNAME = "jingyu"
SID = "jingyu"
TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"
[createTemplateFromDB]
SOURCEDB = "myhost:1521:orcl"
SYSDBAUSERNAME = "system"
TEMPLATENAME = "My Copy TEMPLATE"
[createCloneTemplate]
SOURCEDB = "orcl"
TEMPLATENAME = "My Clone TEMPLATE"
[DELETEDATABASE]
SOURCEDB = "orcl"
[generateScripts]
TEMPLATENAME = "New Database"
GDBNAME = "orcl11.us.oracle.com"
[CONFIGUREDATABASE]
[ADDINSTANCE]
DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl11g.us.oracle.com"
NODELIST=
SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"
[DELETEINSTANCE]
DB_UNIQUE_NAME = "orcl11g.us.oracle.com"
INSTANCENAME = "orcl11g"
SYSDBAUSERNAME = "sys"
上面就可以成功建庫，但絕大多數情況[CREATEDATABASE]下還需要指定一些其他參數，
因為默認的可能不符合實際要求，尤其是你創建的數據庫字符集必須要按你的設計需求顯示指定：
[CREATEDATABASE]
gdbName = "jingyu"
sid = "jingyu"
templateName = "General_Purpose.dbc"
characterSet = "ZHS16GBK"
memoryPercentage = "60"
emConfiguration = "LOCAL"
sysPassword = "oracle"
systemPassword = "oracle"
dbsnmpPassword = "oracle"
sysmanPassword = "oracle"
修改引用的通用模板General_Purpose.dbc
--本次規划數據庫存儲目錄：/u02/oradata
# mkdir -p /u02/oradata && chown oracle:oinstall /u02/oradata
--修改模板
$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/assistants/dbca/templates/
$ cp General_Purpose.dbc General_Purpose.dbc.bak
--vi替換{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata為新的存儲路徑/u02/oradata
$ vi General_Purpose.dbc
:%s#{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata#/u02/oradata#g
--或者sed直接快速替換
sed -i 's#{ORACLE_BASE}/oradata#/u02/oradata#g' General_Purpose.dbc
4.2 靜默創建數據庫
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile /u02/soft/database/response/dbca.rsp
Enter SYS user password:
Enter SYSTEM user password:
Copying database files
1% complete
3% complete
11% complete
18% complete
26% complete
37% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
40% complete
45% complete
50% complete
55% complete
56% complete
60% complete
62% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
70% complete
73% complete
85% complete
96% complete
100% complete
Look at the log file "/u02/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/jingyu/jingyu.log" for further details.
注意：如果已經在響應文件中配置sys和system密碼，上面就不會提示你輸入密碼了。
4.3 靜默刪除數據庫
$ dbca -silent -deleteDatabase -sourceDB jingyu -sysDBAUserName sys -sysDBAPassword oracle
Connecting to database
4% complete
9% complete
14% complete
19% complete
23% complete
28% complete
47% complete
Updating network configuration files
48% complete
52% complete
Deleting instance and datafiles
76% complete
100% complete
Look at the log file "/u02/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/jingyu.log" for further details.
至此，Oracle數據庫靜默安裝相關內容已經完成。