sftp是Secure File Transfer Protocol的縮寫，安全文件傳送協議。可以為傳輸文件提供一種安全的加密方法。sftp 與 ftp 有着幾乎一樣的語法和功能。SFTP 為 SSH的一部分，是一種傳輸檔案至 Blogger 伺服器的安全方式。其實在SSH軟件包中，已經包含了一個叫作SFTP(Secure File Transfer Protocol)的安全文件傳輸子系統，SFTP本身沒有單獨的守護進程，它必須使用sshd守護進程（端口號默認是22）來完成相應的連接操作，所以從某種意義上來說，SFTP並不像一個服務器程序，而更像是一個客戶端程序。SFTP同樣是使用加密傳輸認證信息和傳輸的數據，所以，使用SFTP是非常安全的。但是，由於這種傳輸方式使用了加密/解密技術，所以傳輸效率比普通的FTP要低得多，如果您對網絡安全性要求更高時，可以使用SFTP代替FTP。
一、連接方式
常用的方式有兩種，一種直接采用sftp連接遠端服務器IP
另一種則先登錄遠程服務器，在開啟sftp功能
1、sftp [remotehost IP ]
通過sftp連接[host]，端口為默認的22，用戶為Linux當前登錄用戶。
Xshell 5 (Build 0806)
Copyright (c) 2002-2015 NetSarang Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.
Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.
[c:\~]$ sftp 192.168.56.101
Connecting to 192.168.56.101:22...
Connection established.
To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.
Your current local directory is
C:\Users\FieldYang\Documents\NetSarang\Xshell\Sessions
Type `help' to browse available commnands.
sftp:/root>
2、sftp -oPort=[port] [remotehost IP]
通過sftp連接遠程服務器，指定端口[port]，用戶為Linux當前登錄用戶。
3、sftp [user]@[remotehost IP]
通過sftp連接遠程服務器，端口為默認的22，指定用戶[user]。
Xshell 5 (Build 0806)
Copyright (c) 2002-2015 NetSarang Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.
Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.
[c:\~]$ sftp fieldyang@192.168.56.101
Connecting to 192.168.56.101:22...
Connection established.
To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.
Your current local directory is
C:\Users\FieldYang\Documents\NetSarang\Xshell\Sessions
Type `help' to browse available commnands.
sftp:/home/fieldyang>
4、sftp -oPort=[port] [user]@[ remotehost IP]
通過sftp連接[remotehost IP]，端口為[port]，用戶為[user]。
5、通過Xshell5與linux建立連接后，在圖形用戶面板上 窗口->傳輸新建文件，打開xftp的字符界面,如圖，直接關閉即可打開一個sftp窗口
二、用法
1、基本用法
sftp:/root> help
bye finish your SFTP session
退出sftp
cd change your remote working directory
更改遠程服務器工作目錄
clear clear screen
清屏
exit finish your SFTP session
explore explore your local directory
導入本地目錄
get download a file from the server to your local machine
從遠程服務器上下載文件到本機
help give help
查找幫助
lcd change and/or print local working directory
切換本地當前工作目錄
lls list contents of a local directory
列出本地當前目錄的內容
lpwd print your local working directory
打印當前工作目錄
ls list contents of a remote directory
列出遠程服務器目錄內容
mkdir create a directory on the remote server
在遠程服務器上創建一個目錄
mv move or rename a file on the remote server
搬移或重命名一個的遠程服務器文件
put upload a file from your local machine to the server
將本機的文件上傳到遠程服務器
pwd print your remote working directory
打印遠程服務器工作路徑
quit finish your SFTP session
退出
rename move or rename a file on the remote server
搬移或重命名一個的遠程服務器文件
rm delete a file
刪除一個文件
rmdir remove a directory on the remote server
在遠程服務器上刪除一個目錄刪除一個目錄
2、常用的為上傳下載
1）、get
從遠程服務器上下載一個文件存放到本地，如下：
先通過lcd切換到本地那個目錄下，然后通過get file
>> lcd d:\ #表示切換到本地的d盤下
>> get ./test.sql #這樣就將當前文件下載本地的d盤下
2）、put
是將本地的文件上傳到遠程服務器上，如下：
>> put #在windows下彈出選擇文件的窗口
3）、lcd
先通過lcd切換到本地那個目錄下
>> lcd c:\ #表示切換到本地的c盤下
4）、lls
#顯示當前目錄下的所有文件
5）、pwd
#顯示當前目錄
三、各個用法實例詳解
實例1、從服務器下載文件到本機
Xshell 5 (Build 0806)
Copyright (c) 2002-2015 NetSarang Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.
Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.
[c:\~]$
Connecting to 192.168.56.101:22...
Connection established.
To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.
Your current local directory is
C:\Users\FieldYang\Documents\NetSarang\Xshell\Sessions
Type `help' to browse available commnands.
sftp:/root> cd /mnt/share
#遠程路徑切換為/mnt/share
sftp:/mnt/share> ls –lt
drwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 4096 Jun 16 13:39 .
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Jun 15 14:06 ..
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 220151 Jun 15 14:26 .goutputstream-ZHJ8IY
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 19362 Jun 16 12:27 0.jpg
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 16157 Jun 16 13:39 Auth Server and SOAP proxy.docx
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 63952 Jun 16 12:29 bamquickinstall.pdf
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 7277 Jun 16 13:33 DNSmmmS.txt
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 7277 May 12 10:43 DNSS.txt
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 111395 Jun 15 15:46 libpcap-0.9.4-15.el5.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 363677 Jun 15 14:59 ppp-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 48430 Jun 15 14:57 ppp-devel-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 86211 Jun 15 15:38 pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel4.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 86509 Jun 15 14:46 pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 220151 Jun 15 13:22 Screenshot.png
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 21789 Jun 16 13:39 Traffic Usage System alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxy Server.docx
sftp:/mnt/share> lcd d:\Field\test_sftp
#切換到本地的d盤下Field文件夾的test_sftp文件夾
Local directory is now d:\Field\test_sftp
sftp:/mnt/share> lpwd
Local directory is d:\Field\test_sftp
#打印本地文件夾路徑
sftp:/mnt/share> lls
06/16/2016 05:44¤W
06/16/2016 05:44¤W
#查看本地文件夾d:\Field\test_sftp內容
sftp:/mnt/share>get ./0.jpg ./DNSmmmS.txt ./pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
#下載遠程服務器/mnt/share上的0.jpg 、DNSmmmS.txt 、#pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm到本地文件夾d:\Field\test_sftp中
Fetching /mnt/share/./pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm to pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
sftp: received 84.4 KB in 0.64 seconds
Fetching /mnt/share/./DNSmmmS.txt to DNSmmmS.txt
sftp: received 7.10 KB in 0.02 seconds
Fetching /mnt/share/./0.jpg to 0.jpg
sftp: received 18.9 KB in 0.03 seconds
sftp:/mnt/share> lls –lt
#命令行查看是否下載成功
06/16/2016 05:47¤W
06/16/2016 05:47¤W
06/16/2016 05:47¤W 19362 0.jpg
06/16/2016 05:47¤W 7277 DNSmmmS.txt
06/16/2016 05:47¤W 86509 pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
Xshell5下利用sftp上傳下載傳輸文件
實例2、上傳本地文件到遠程服務器
sftp:/mnt/share> lcd d:\Field\SNINF\
#切換本地路徑到d:\Field\SNINF\
Local directory is now d:\Field\SNINF\
sftp:/mnt/share> lpwd
# 打印本地當前路徑
Local directory is d:\Field\SNINF\
sftp:/mnt/share> lls -lt
02/19/2016 07:50¤W
02/19/2016 07:50¤W
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 16157 Auth Server and SOAP proxy.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 464191 Check Plan--Jacky.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 562801 CIMDB ¡V David.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 12031 Disk Full ¡V For All Systems.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 126440 EMMSC--Fox.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 115928 ENUM ¡VJacky.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 327650 F-Secure.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 107606 GDS--Fox.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 117762 GIMEI¡XFox.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 310862 GUP CGUP ¡ΠRay.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 650939 IP call --Sharon.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 779957 Mex health check--Niker.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 124195 NetScout (DPI)¡XFox.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 198426 POC--Jacky.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 326368 Radius Proxy -Niker.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 190044 SMTP health check--Niker.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 45643 Stretti DFS¡XSharon.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 233654 Stretti DISC ¡VJacky.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 449498 Traffic Router Health Check¡XDavid.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 21789 Traffic Usage System alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxy Server.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 734859 Video Transcoder¡XDavid.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 14815 Virtual Browser.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 22554 ZMMSC.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 219776 ZProxy ¡ΠFox.docx
12/11/2015 08:27¤W 221199 ZWAPGW NZWAPGW ¡ΠFox.docx
sftp:/mnt/share> put
Uploading Traffic Usage System alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxy Server.docx to remote:/mnt/share/Traffic Usage System alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxy Server.docx
sftp: sent 21.2 KB in 0.01 seconds
#在彈出的Windows框中選擇文件上傳 注意上傳路徑與當前路徑要相同
sftp:/mnt/share> put
Uploading Virtual Browser.docx to remote:/mnt/share/Virtual Browser.docx
sftp: sent 14.4 KB in 0.02 seconds
sftp:/mnt/share> put
Uploading Check Plan--Jacky.docx to remote:/mnt/share/Check Plan--Jacky.docx
sftp: sent 453 KB in 0.05 seconds
sftp:/mnt/share> put
Uploading ZMMSC.docx to remote:/mnt/share/ZMMSC.docx
sftp: sent 22.0 KB in 0.00 seconds
sftp:/mnt/share> ls -lt
drwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 4096 Jun 16 13:54 .
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Jun 15 14:06 ..
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 220151 Jun 15 14:26 .goutputstream-ZHJ8IY
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 19362 Jun 16 12:27 0.jpg
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 16157 Jun 16 13:39 Auth Server and SOAP proxy.docx
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 63952 Jun 16 12:29 bamquickinstall.pdf
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 464191 Jun 16 13:53 Check Plan--Jacky.docx
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 7277 Jun 16 13:33 DNSmmmS.txt
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 7277 May 12 10:43 DNSS.txt
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 111395 Jun 15 15:46 libpcap-0.9.4-15.el5.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 363677 Jun 15 14:59 ppp-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 48430 Jun 15 14:57 ppp-devel-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 86211 Jun 15 15:38 pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel4.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 86509 Jun 15 14:46 pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 220151 Jun 15 13:22 Screenshot.png
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 21789 Jun 16 13:52 Traffic Usage System alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxy Server.docx
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 14815 Jun 16 13:53 Virtual Browser.docx
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 22554 Jun 16 13:54 ZMMSC.docx
sftp:/mnt/share>
實例3、在遠程服務器創建刪除目錄
sftp:/mnt/share> mkdir /mnt/share/test
#在遠程服務器上創建目錄/mnt/share/test
sftp:/mnt/share> cd /mnt/share/test
sftp:/mnt/share/test> pwd
#查看是否創建成功
Remote directory is /mnt/share/test
sftp:/mnt/share/test> cd /mnt/share/
sftp:/mnt/share> rmdir /test
cannot remove /test: no such a directory
sftp:/mnt/share> rmdir /mnt/share/test
#刪除剛創建的目錄/mnt/share/test
sftp:/mnt/share> cd /mnt/share/test
cannot change to /mnt/share/test: no such a directory
#確認是否刪除成功
實例4、在遠程服務器刪除文件
sftp:/mnt/share> rm ./ZMMSC
#刪除遠程服務器/mnt/share上的文件ZMMSC.docx，./表示當前目錄
cannot delete /mnt/share/./ZMMSC: no such a file
sftp:/mnt/share> rm ./ZMMSC.docx
deleted /mnt/share/./ZMMSC.docx
sftp:/mnt/share> rm ./Traffic Usage System alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxy Server.docx
usage: rm file
sftp:/mnt/share> rm ./DNSS.txt
deleted /mnt/share/./DNSS.txt
sftp:/mnt/share> ls
#查看是否成功刪除
drwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 4096 Jun 16 14:25 .
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Jun 15 14:06 ..
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 220151 Jun 15 14:26 .goutputstream-ZHJ8IY
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 19362 Jun 16 12:27 0.jpg
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 16157 Jun 16 13:39 Auth Server and SOAP proxy.docx
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 63952 Jun 16 12:29 bamquickinstall.pdf
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 464191 Jun 16 13:53 Check Plan--Jacky.docx
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 7277 Jun 16 13:33 DNSmmmS.txt
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 111395 Jun 15 15:46 libpcap-0.9.4-15.el5.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 363677 Jun 15 14:59 ppp-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 48430 Jun 15 14:57 ppp-devel-2.4.4-14.1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 86211 Jun 15 15:38 pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel4.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 86509 Jun 15 14:46 pptpd-1.4.0-1.rhel5.x86_64.rpm
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 220151 Jun 15 13:22 Screenshot.png
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 21789 Jun 16 13:52 Traffic Usage System alarm handling - Gateway, RadiusGWProxy, RadiusProxy Server.docx
-rwxrwxrwx 1 1000 users 14815 Jun 16 13:53 Virtual Browser.docx
sftp:/mnt/share>
