【轉】SpringBoot 注解事務聲明式事務

文章來源： http://www.cnblogs.com/guozp/articles/7446477.html 

　　springboot 對新人來說可能上手比springmvc要快，但是對於各位從springmvc轉戰到springboot的話，有些地方還需要適應下，尤其是xml配置。我個人是比較喜歡注解➕xml是因為看着方便，查找方便，清晰明了。但是xml完全可以使用注解代替，今天就扒一扒springboot中事務使用注解的玩法。

　　springboot的事務也主要分為兩大類，一是xml聲明式事務，二是注解事務，注解事務也可以實現類似聲明式事務的方法，關於注解聲明式事務，目前網上搜索不到合適的資料，所以在這里，我將自己查找和總結的幾個方法寫到這里，大家共同探討

    文章來源： http://www.cnblogs.com/guozp/articles/7446477.html 

• springboot 之 xml事務

      可以使用 @ImportResource("classpath:transaction.xml") 引入該xml的配置，xml的配置如下

　　

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
        
    <bean id="txManager"
        class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
    </bean>
    <tx:advice id="cftxAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="query*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" ></tx:method>
            <tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" ></tx:method>
            <tx:method name="select*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" ></tx:method>
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception" ></tx:method>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
     <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="allManagerMethod" expression="execution (* com.exmaple.fm..service.*.*(..))" />
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="allManagerMethod" order="0" />
    </aop:config>

</beans>

springboot 啟動類如下：

　　

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package  com.example.fm;   import  org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import  org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import  org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;   @ImportResource ( "classpath:transaction.xml" ) @SpringBootApplication public  class  Application {        public  static  void  main(String[] args) {          SpringApplication.run(Application. class , args);      }   }

　　啟動后即可開啟事務，不過項目里導入了xml配置，如果不想導入xml配置，可以使用注解的方式。

• springboot 之 注解事務

　　　注解事務講解之前，需要先了解下spring創建代理的幾個類,在spring內部，是通過BeanPostProcessor來完成自動創建代理工作的。BeanPostProcessor接口的實現只是在ApplicationContext初始化的時候才會自動加載，而普通的BeanFactory只能通過編程的方式調用之。根據  匹配規則的不同大致分為三種類別：

　　　　a、匹配Bean的名稱自動創建匹配到的Bean的代理，實現類BeanNameAutoProxyCreator

　　　　

<bean id="testInterceptor" class="com.example.service.config.testInerceptor”></bean>

<bean id="profileAutoProxyCreator" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.
autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyProxyCreator">
<bean>
<property name="beanNames">
<list>
<value>*Service</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="interceptorNames">
<value> testInterceptor </value>
</property>
</bean>

 

　　　　b、根據Bean中的AspectJ注解自動創建代理，實現類AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator

<aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true"/>

<bean id="annotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreatorTest" class="com.example.service.AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreatorTest"/>
<aop:config>
    <aop:aspect ref="annotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreatorTest">
        <aop:around method="process" pointcut="execution (* com.example.service.fm..*.*(..))"/>
    </aop:aspect>
</aop:config>

 

　　　　c、根據Advisor的匹配機制自動創建代理，會對容器中所有的Advisor進行掃描，自動將這些切面應用到匹配的Bean中，實現類DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator

  

　　接下來開講注解開啟事務的方法：

       1、Transactional注解事務

　　 需要在進行事物管理的方法上添加注解@Transactional，或者偷懶的話直接在類上面添加該注解，使得所有的方法都進行事物的管理，但是依然需要在需要事務管理的類上都添加，工作量比較大，這里只是簡單說下，具體的可以google或者bing

       2、注解聲明式事務

　　Component或Configuration中bean的區別，有時間我會專門寫一篇來講解下

　　a.方式1，這里使用Component或Configuration事務都可以生效

　　 

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package  com.exmple.service.fm9.config;   import  java.util.Collections; import  java.util.HashMap; import  java.util.Map;   import  org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect; import  org.springframework.aop.Advisor; import  org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJExpressionPointcut; import  org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultPointcutAdvisor; import  org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import  org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import  org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import  org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import  org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager; import  org.springframework.transaction.TransactionDefinition; import  org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource; import  org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.RollbackRuleAttribute; import  org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.RuleBasedTransactionAttribute; import  org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttribute; import  org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor;   /**   * Created by guozp on 2017/8/28.   */ @Aspect //@Component 事務依然生效 @Configuration public  class  TxAdviceInterceptor {        private  static  final  int  TX_METHOD_TIMEOUT =  5 ;      private  static  final  String AOP_POINTCUT_EXPRESSION =  "execution (* com.alibaba.fm9..service.*.*(..))" ;        @Autowired      private  PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager;        @Bean      public  TransactionInterceptor txAdvice() {          NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource source =  new  NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource();           /*只讀事務，不做更新操作*/          RuleBasedTransactionAttribute readOnlyTx =  new  RuleBasedTransactionAttribute();          readOnlyTx.setReadOnly( true );          readOnlyTx.setPropagationBehavior(TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED );          /*當前存在事務就使用當前事務，當前不存在事務就創建一個新的事務*/          RuleBasedTransactionAttribute requiredTx =  new  RuleBasedTransactionAttribute();          requiredTx.setRollbackRules(              Collections.singletonList( new  RollbackRuleAttribute(Exception. class )));          requiredTx.setPropagationBehavior(TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED);          requiredTx.setTimeout(TX_METHOD_TIMEOUT);          Map<String, TransactionAttribute> txMap =  new  HashMap<>();          txMap.put( "add*" , requiredTx);          txMap.put( "save*" , requiredTx);          txMap.put( "insert*" , requiredTx);          txMap.put( "update*" , requiredTx);          txMap.put( "delete*" , requiredTx);          txMap.put( "get*" , readOnlyTx);          txMap.put( "query*" , readOnlyTx);          source.setNameMap( txMap );          TransactionInterceptor txAdvice =  new  TransactionInterceptor(transactionManager, source);          return  txAdvice;      }        @Bean      public  Advisor txAdviceAdvisor() {          AspectJExpressionPointcut pointcut =  new  AspectJExpressionPointcut();          pointcut.setExpression(AOP_POINTCUT_EXPRESSION);          return  new  DefaultPointcutAdvisor(pointcut, txAdvice());          //return new DefaultPointcutAdvisor(pointcut, txAdvice);      } }

　　

 b.方式1，這里使用Component或Configuration事務都可以生效

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package  com.exmple.service.fm9.config;   import  java.util.Collections; import  java.util.HashMap; import  java.util.Map;   import  org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJExpressionPointcutAdvisor; import  org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import  org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import  org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import  org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import  org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager; import  org.springframework.transaction.TransactionDefinition; import  org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource; import  org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.RollbackRuleAttribute; import  org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.RuleBasedTransactionAttribute; import  org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttribute; import  org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttributeSource; import  org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor;   /**   * Created by guozp on 2017/8/29.   */ //@Component 事務依然生效 @Configuration public  class  TxAnoConfig {      /*事務攔截類型*/      @Bean ( "txSource" )      public  TransactionAttributeSource transactionAttributeSource(){          NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource source =  new  NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource();           /*只讀事務，不做更新操作*/          RuleBasedTransactionAttribute readOnlyTx =  new  RuleBasedTransactionAttribute();          readOnlyTx.setReadOnly( true );          readOnlyTx.setPropagationBehavior(TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED );          /*當前存在事務就使用當前事務，當前不存在事務就創建一個新的事務*/          //RuleBasedTransactionAttribute requiredTx = new RuleBasedTransactionAttribute();          //requiredTx.setRollbackRules(          //    Collections.singletonList(new RollbackRuleAttribute(Exception.class)));          //requiredTx.setPropagationBehavior(TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED);          RuleBasedTransactionAttribute requiredTx =  new  RuleBasedTransactionAttribute(TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,              Collections.singletonList( new  RollbackRuleAttribute(Exception. class )));          requiredTx.setTimeout( 5 );          Map<String, TransactionAttribute> txMap =  new  HashMap<>();          txMap.put( "add*" , requiredTx);          txMap.put( "save*" , requiredTx);          txMap.put( "insert*" , requiredTx);          txMap.put( "update*" , requiredTx);          txMap.put( "delete*" , requiredTx);          txMap.put( "get*" , readOnlyTx);          txMap.put( "query*" , readOnlyTx);          source.setNameMap( txMap );            return  source;      }        /**切面攔截規則 參數會自動從容器中注入*/      @Bean      public  AspectJExpressionPointcutAdvisor pointcutAdvisor(TransactionInterceptor txInterceptor){          AspectJExpressionPointcutAdvisor pointcutAdvisor =  new  AspectJExpressionPointcutAdvisor();          pointcutAdvisor.setAdvice(txInterceptor);          pointcutAdvisor.setExpression( "execution (* com.alibaba.fm9..service.*.*(..))" );          return  pointcutAdvisor;      }        /*事務攔截器*/      @Bean ( "txInterceptor" )      TransactionInterceptor getTransactionInterceptor(PlatformTransactionManager tx){          return  new  TransactionInterceptor(tx , transactionAttributeSource()) ;      } }

　　

 c.方式1，這里使用Component或Configuration事務都可以生效

 

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package  com.exmple.service.fm9.config;   import  java.util.Properties;     import  org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator; import  org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import  org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import  org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import  org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager; import  org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import  org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor;   /**   * Created by guozp on 2017/8/28.   *   */ //@Component @Configuration public  class  TxConfigBeanName {        @Autowired      private  DataSourceTransactionManager transactionManager;        // 創建事務通知        @Bean (name =  "txAdvice" )      public  TransactionInterceptor getAdvisor()  throws  Exception {            Properties properties =  new  Properties();          properties.setProperty( "get*" ,  "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception,readOnly" );          properties.setProperty( "add*" ,  "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception,readOnly" );          properties.setProperty( "save*" ,  "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception,readOnly" );          properties.setProperty( "update*" ,  "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception,readOnly" );          properties.setProperty( "delete*" ,  "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception,readOnly" );            TransactionInterceptor tsi =  new  TransactionInterceptor(transactionManager,properties);          return  tsi;        }        @Bean      public  BeanNameAutoProxyCreator txProxy() {          BeanNameAutoProxyCreator creator =  new  BeanNameAutoProxyCreator();          creator.setInterceptorNames( "txAdvice" );          creator.setBeanNames( "*Service" ,  "*ServiceImpl" );          creator.setProxyTargetClass( true );          return  creator;      } }

　　

 

 d.方式1，這里使用Component或Configuration並不是所有事務都可以生效，例如Configuration的時候如果打開注釋部分的而且不把代碼都移動到 defaultPointcutAdvisor()，事物會失效，具體原因暫時不明，如果各位有明白的，可以指點我下。

初始使用：

 

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package  com.alibaba.fm9.config;   import  java.util.Properties;   import  javax.sql.DataSource;   import  org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJExpressionPointcut; import  org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultPointcutAdvisor; import  org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import  org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean; import  org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import  org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import  org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager; import  org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import  org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor;   /**   * Created by guozp on 2017/8/28.  ??   */ @Component //@Configuration  事務失敗 public  class  TxOtherConfigDefault {       @Autowired      private  DataSource dataSource;        //@Bean      //@ConditionalOnMissingBean      public  PlatformTransactionManager annotationDrivenTransactionManager() {          return  new  DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);      }*/       @Autowired     private  DataSourceTransactionManager transactionManager;          @Bean      public  TransactionInterceptor transactionInterceptor() {          Properties attributes =  new  Properties();          attributes.setProperty( "get*" ,  "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED" );          attributes.setProperty( "add*" ,  "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED" );          attributes.setProperty( "update*" ,  "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED" );          attributes.setProperty( "delete*" ,  "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED" );          TransactionInterceptor txAdvice =  new  TransactionInterceptor(transactionManager, attributes);          return  txAdvice;      }          @Bean      public  AspectJExpressionPointcut aspectJExpressionPointcut(){          AspectJExpressionPointcut pointcut =  new  AspectJExpressionPointcut();          String transactionExecution =  "execution (* com.alibaba.fm9..service.*.*(..))" ;          pointcut.setExpression(transactionExecution);          return  pointcut;      }        @Bean      public  DefaultPointcutAdvisor defaultPointcutAdvisor(){          DefaultPointcutAdvisor advisor =  new  DefaultPointcutAdvisor();          advisor.setPointcut(aspectJExpressionPointcut());          advisor.setAdvice(transactionInterceptor());          return  advisor;      } }

　　

 

后修改如下：

 

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ackage com.alibaba.fm9.config;   import  java.util.Properties;   import  javax.sql.DataSource;   import  org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJExpressionPointcut; import  org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultPointcutAdvisor; import  org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import  org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean; import  org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import  org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import  org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager; import  org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import  org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager; import  org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor;   /**   * Created by guozp on 2017/8/28.   *                       ???????   */ @Configuration  //事務失效,都移動到一個方法不失效 //@Component // 事務可行，不用都移動到一個方法 public  class  TxOtherConfigDefaultBean {        public  static  final  String transactionExecution =  "execution (* com.alibaba.fm9..service.*.*(..))" ;        @Autowired      private  PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager;        //@Bean      //@ConditionalOnMissingBean      //public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {      //    return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);      //}          @Bean      public  TransactionInterceptor transactionInterceptor() {          Properties attributes =  new  Properties();          attributes.setProperty( "get*" ,  "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception" );          attributes.setProperty( "add*" ,  "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception" );          attributes.setProperty( "update*" ,  "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception" );          attributes.setProperty( "delete*" ,  "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception" );          //TransactionInterceptor txAdvice = new TransactionInterceptor(transactionManager(), attributes);          TransactionInterceptor txAdvice =  new  TransactionInterceptor(transactionManager, attributes);          return  txAdvice;      }          //@Bean      //public AspectJExpressionPointcut aspectJExpressionPointcut(){      //    AspectJExpressionPointcut pointcut = new AspectJExpressionPointcut();      //    pointcut.setExpression(transactionExecution);      //    return pointcut;      //}        @Bean      public  DefaultPointcutAdvisor defaultPointcutAdvisor(){          //AspectJExpressionPointcut pointcut = new AspectJExpressionPointcut();          //pointcut.setExpression(transactionExecution);          //DefaultPointcutAdvisor advisor = new DefaultPointcutAdvisor();          //advisor.setPointcut(pointcut);          //advisor.setAdvice(transactionInterceptor());          AspectJExpressionPointcut pointcut =  new  AspectJExpressionPointcut();          pointcut.setExpression(transactionExecution);          DefaultPointcutAdvisor advisor =  new  DefaultPointcutAdvisor();          advisor.setPointcut(pointcut);          Properties attributes =  new  Properties();          attributes.setProperty( "get*" ,  "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception" );          attributes.setProperty( "add*" ,  "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception" );          attributes.setProperty( "update*" ,  "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception" );          attributes.setProperty( "delete*" ,  "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception" );          TransactionInterceptor txAdvice =  new  TransactionInterceptor(transactionManager, attributes);          advisor.setAdvice(txAdvice);          return  advisor;      } }

　　　　

　　簡單來說，springboot使用上述注解的幾種方式開啟事物，可以達到和xml中聲明的同樣效果，但是卻告別了xml，使你的代碼遠離配置文件。

  　　如果有錯誤的地方，望各位指正。如有其它問題，可以聯系

   文章來源： http://www.cnblogs.com/guozp/articles/7446477.html