SpringBoot 注解事務聲明式事務

　　文章來源： http://www.cnblogs.com/guozp/articles/7446477.html 

　　springboot 對新人來說可能上手比springmvc要快，但是對於各位從springmvc轉戰到springboot的話，有些地方還需要適應下，尤其是xml配置。我個人是比較喜歡注解➕xml是因為看着方便，查找方便，清晰明了。但是xml完全可以使用注解代替，今天就扒一扒springboot中事務使用注解的玩法。

　　springboot的事務也主要分為兩大類，一是xml聲明式事務，二是注解事務，注解事務也可以實現類似聲明式事務的方法，關於注解聲明式事務，目前網上搜索不到合適的資料，所以在這里，我將自己查找和總結的幾個方法寫到這里，大家共同探討

    文章來源： http://www.cnblogs.com/guozp/articles/7446477.html 

• springboot 之 xml事務

      可以使用 @ImportResource("classpath:transaction.xml") 引入該xml的配置，xml的配置如下

　　

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
        
    <bean id="txManager"
        class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" ></property>
    </bean>
    <tx:advice id="cftxAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="query*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" ></tx:method>
            <tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" ></tx:method>
            <tx:method name="select*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" ></tx:method>
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception" ></tx:method>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
     <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="allManagerMethod" expression="execution (* com.exmaple.fm..service.*.*(..))" />
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="allManagerMethod" order="0" />
    </aop:config>

</beans>

springboot 啟動類如下：

　　

package com.example.fm;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;

@ImportResource("classpath:transaction.xml")
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }

}

　　啟動后即可開啟事務，不過項目里導入了xml配置，如果不想導入xml配置，可以使用注解的方式。

• springboot 之 注解事務

　　　注解事務講解之前，需要先了解下spring創建代理的幾個類,在spring內部，是通過BeanPostProcessor來完成自動創建代理工作的。BeanPostProcessor接口的實現只是在ApplicationContext初始化的時候才會自動加載，而普通的BeanFactory只能通過編程的方式調用之。根據  匹配規則的不同大致分為三種類別：

　　　　a、匹配Bean的名稱自動創建匹配到的Bean的代理，實現類BeanNameAutoProxyCreator

　　　　

<bean id="testInterceptor" class="com.example.service.config.testInerceptor”></bean>

<bean id="profileAutoProxyCreator" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.
autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyProxyCreator">
<bean>
<property name="beanNames">
<list>
<value>*Service</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="interceptorNames">
<value> testInterceptor </value>
</property>
</bean>

 

　　　　b、根據Bean中的AspectJ注解自動創建代理，實現類AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator

<aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true"/>

<bean id="annotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreatorTest" class="com.example.service.AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreatorTest"/>
<aop:config>
    <aop:aspect ref="annotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreatorTest">
        <aop:around method="process" pointcut="execution (* com.example.service.fm..*.*(..))"/>
    </aop:aspect>
</aop:config>

 

　　　　c、根據Advisor的匹配機制自動創建代理，會對容器中所有的Advisor進行掃描，自動將這些切面應用到匹配的Bean中，實現類DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator

  

　　接下來開講注解開啟事務的方法：

       1、Transactional注解事務

　　 需要在進行事物管理的方法上添加注解@Transactional，或者偷懶的話直接在類上面添加該注解，使得所有的方法都進行事物的管理，但是依然需要在需要事務管理的類上都添加，工作量比較大，這里只是簡單說下，具體的可以google或者bing

       2、注解聲明式事務

　　Component或Configuration中bean的區別，有時間我會專門寫一篇來講解下

　　a.方式1，這里使用Component或Configuration事務都可以生效

　　 

package com.exmple.service.fm9.config;

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.springframework.aop.Advisor;
import org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJExpressionPointcut;
import org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultPointcutAdvisor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionDefinition;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.RollbackRuleAttribute;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.RuleBasedTransactionAttribute;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttribute;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor;

/**
 * Created by guozp on 2017/8/28.
 */
@Aspect
//@Component 事務依然生效
@Configuration
public class TxAdviceInterceptor {

    private static final int TX_METHOD_TIMEOUT = 5;
    private static final String AOP_POINTCUT_EXPRESSION = "execution (* com.alibaba.fm9..service.*.*(..))";

    @Autowired
    private PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager;

    @Bean
    public TransactionInterceptor txAdvice() {
        NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource source = new NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource();
         /*只讀事務，不做更新操作*/
        RuleBasedTransactionAttribute readOnlyTx = new RuleBasedTransactionAttribute();
        readOnlyTx.setReadOnly(true);
        readOnlyTx.setPropagationBehavior(TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED );
        /*當前存在事務就使用當前事務，當前不存在事務就創建一個新的事務*/
        RuleBasedTransactionAttribute requiredTx = new RuleBasedTransactionAttribute();
        requiredTx.setRollbackRules(
            Collections.singletonList(new RollbackRuleAttribute(Exception.class)));
        requiredTx.setPropagationBehavior(TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED);
        requiredTx.setTimeout(TX_METHOD_TIMEOUT);
        Map<String, TransactionAttribute> txMap = new HashMap<>();
        txMap.put("add*", requiredTx);
        txMap.put("save*", requiredTx);
        txMap.put("insert*", requiredTx);
        txMap.put("update*", requiredTx);
        txMap.put("delete*", requiredTx);
        txMap.put("get*", readOnlyTx);
        txMap.put("query*", readOnlyTx);
        source.setNameMap( txMap );
        TransactionInterceptor txAdvice = new TransactionInterceptor(transactionManager, source);
        return txAdvice;
    }

    @Bean
    public Advisor txAdviceAdvisor() {
        AspectJExpressionPointcut pointcut = new AspectJExpressionPointcut();
        pointcut.setExpression(AOP_POINTCUT_EXPRESSION);
        return new DefaultPointcutAdvisor(pointcut, txAdvice());
        //return new DefaultPointcutAdvisor(pointcut, txAdvice);
    }
}

　　

 b.方式1，這里使用Component或Configuration事務都可以生效

package com.exmple.service.fm9.config;

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJExpressionPointcutAdvisor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.TransactionDefinition;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.RollbackRuleAttribute;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.RuleBasedTransactionAttribute;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttribute;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAttributeSource;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor;

/**
 * Created by guozp on 2017/8/29.
 */
//@Component 事務依然生效
@Configuration
public class TxAnoConfig {
    /*事務攔截類型*/
    @Bean("txSource")
    public TransactionAttributeSource transactionAttributeSource(){
        NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource source = new NameMatchTransactionAttributeSource();
         /*只讀事務，不做更新操作*/
        RuleBasedTransactionAttribute readOnlyTx = new RuleBasedTransactionAttribute();
        readOnlyTx.setReadOnly(true);
        readOnlyTx.setPropagationBehavior(TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_NOT_SUPPORTED );
        /*當前存在事務就使用當前事務，當前不存在事務就創建一個新的事務*/
        //RuleBasedTransactionAttribute requiredTx = new RuleBasedTransactionAttribute();
        //requiredTx.setRollbackRules(
        //    Collections.singletonList(new RollbackRuleAttribute(Exception.class)));
        //requiredTx.setPropagationBehavior(TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED);
        RuleBasedTransactionAttribute requiredTx = new RuleBasedTransactionAttribute(TransactionDefinition.PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,
            Collections.singletonList(new RollbackRuleAttribute(Exception.class)));
        requiredTx.setTimeout(5);
        Map<String, TransactionAttribute> txMap = new HashMap<>();
        txMap.put("add*", requiredTx);
        txMap.put("save*", requiredTx);
        txMap.put("insert*", requiredTx);
        txMap.put("update*", requiredTx);
        txMap.put("delete*", requiredTx);
        txMap.put("get*", readOnlyTx);
        txMap.put("query*", readOnlyTx);
        source.setNameMap( txMap );

        return source;
    }

    /**切面攔截規則 參數會自動從容器中注入*/
    @Bean
    public AspectJExpressionPointcutAdvisor pointcutAdvisor(TransactionInterceptor txInterceptor){
        AspectJExpressionPointcutAdvisor pointcutAdvisor = new AspectJExpressionPointcutAdvisor();
        pointcutAdvisor.setAdvice(txInterceptor);
        pointcutAdvisor.setExpression("execution (* com.alibaba.fm9..service.*.*(..))");
        return pointcutAdvisor;
    }

    /*事務攔截器*/
    @Bean("txInterceptor")
    TransactionInterceptor getTransactionInterceptor(PlatformTransactionManager tx){
        return new TransactionInterceptor(tx , transactionAttributeSource()) ;
    }
}

　　

 c.方式1，這里使用Component或Configuration事務都可以生效

 

package com.exmple.service.fm9.config;

import java.util.Properties;


import org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor;

/**
 * Created by guozp on 2017/8/28.
 *
 */
//@Component
@Configuration
public class TxConfigBeanName {

    @Autowired
    private DataSourceTransactionManager transactionManager;

    // 創建事務通知

    @Bean(name = "txAdvice")
    public TransactionInterceptor getAdvisor() throws Exception {

        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.setProperty("get*", "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception,readOnly");
        properties.setProperty("add*", "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception,readOnly");
        properties.setProperty("save*", "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception,readOnly");
        properties.setProperty("update*", "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception,readOnly");
        properties.setProperty("delete*", "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception,readOnly");

        TransactionInterceptor tsi = new TransactionInterceptor(transactionManager,properties);
        return tsi;

    }

    @Bean
    public BeanNameAutoProxyCreator txProxy() {
        BeanNameAutoProxyCreator creator = new BeanNameAutoProxyCreator();
        creator.setInterceptorNames("txAdvice");
        creator.setBeanNames("*Service", "*ServiceImpl");
        creator.setProxyTargetClass(true);
        return creator;
    }
}

　　

 

 d.方式1，這里使用Component或Configuration並不是所有事務都可以生效，例如Configuration的時候如果打開注釋部分的而且不把代碼都移動到 defaultPointcutAdvisor()，事物會失效，具體原因暫時不明，如果各位有明白的，可以指點我下。

初始使用：

 

package com.alibaba.fm9.config;

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJExpressionPointcut;
import org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultPointcutAdvisor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor;

/**
 * Created by guozp on 2017/8/28.  ??
 */
@Component
//@Configuration  事務失敗
public class TxOtherConfigDefault {

   @Autowired
    private DataSource dataSource;

    //@Bean
    //@ConditionalOnMissingBean
    public PlatformTransactionManager annotationDrivenTransactionManager() {
        return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);
    }*/

   @Autowired
   private DataSourceTransactionManager transactionManager;


    @Bean
    public TransactionInterceptor transactionInterceptor() {
        Properties attributes = new Properties();
        attributes.setProperty("get*", "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED");
        attributes.setProperty("add*", "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED");
        attributes.setProperty("update*", "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED");
        attributes.setProperty("delete*", "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED");
        TransactionInterceptor txAdvice = new TransactionInterceptor(transactionManager, attributes);
        return txAdvice;
    }


    @Bean
    public AspectJExpressionPointcut aspectJExpressionPointcut(){
        AspectJExpressionPointcut pointcut = new AspectJExpressionPointcut();
        String transactionExecution = "execution (* com.alibaba.fm9..service.*.*(..))";
        pointcut.setExpression(transactionExecution);
        return pointcut;
    }

    @Bean
    public DefaultPointcutAdvisor defaultPointcutAdvisor(){
        DefaultPointcutAdvisor advisor = new DefaultPointcutAdvisor();
        advisor.setPointcut(aspectJExpressionPointcut());
        advisor.setAdvice(transactionInterceptor());
        return advisor;
    }
}

　　

 

后修改如下：

 

ackage com.alibaba.fm9.config;

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJExpressionPointcut;
import org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultPointcutAdvisor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor;

/**
 * Created by guozp on 2017/8/28.
 *                       ???????
 */
@Configuration //事務失效,都移動到一個方法不失效
//@Component // 事務可行，不用都移動到一個方法
public class TxOtherConfigDefaultBean {

    public static final String transactionExecution = "execution (* com.alibaba.fm9..service.*.*(..))";

    @Autowired
    private PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager;

    //@Bean
    //@ConditionalOnMissingBean
    //public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {
    //    return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);
    //}


    @Bean
    public TransactionInterceptor transactionInterceptor() {
        Properties attributes = new Properties();
        attributes.setProperty("get*", "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception");
        attributes.setProperty("add*", "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception");
        attributes.setProperty("update*", "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception");
        attributes.setProperty("delete*", "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception");
        //TransactionInterceptor txAdvice = new TransactionInterceptor(transactionManager(), attributes);
        TransactionInterceptor txAdvice = new TransactionInterceptor(transactionManager, attributes);
        return txAdvice;
    }


    //@Bean
    //public AspectJExpressionPointcut aspectJExpressionPointcut(){
    //    AspectJExpressionPointcut pointcut = new AspectJExpressionPointcut();
    //    pointcut.setExpression(transactionExecution);
    //    return pointcut;
    //}

    @Bean
    public DefaultPointcutAdvisor defaultPointcutAdvisor(){
        //AspectJExpressionPointcut pointcut = new AspectJExpressionPointcut();
        //pointcut.setExpression(transactionExecution);
        //DefaultPointcutAdvisor advisor = new DefaultPointcutAdvisor();
        //advisor.setPointcut(pointcut);
        //advisor.setAdvice(transactionInterceptor());
        AspectJExpressionPointcut pointcut = new AspectJExpressionPointcut();
        pointcut.setExpression(transactionExecution);
        DefaultPointcutAdvisor advisor = new DefaultPointcutAdvisor();
        advisor.setPointcut(pointcut);
        Properties attributes = new Properties();
        attributes.setProperty("get*", "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception");
        attributes.setProperty("add*", "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception");
        attributes.setProperty("update*", "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception");
        attributes.setProperty("delete*", "PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception");
        TransactionInterceptor txAdvice = new TransactionInterceptor(transactionManager, attributes);
        advisor.setAdvice(txAdvice);
        return advisor;
    }
}

　　　　

　　簡單來說，springboot使用上述注解的幾種方式開啟事物，可以達到和xml中聲明的同樣效果，但是卻告別了xml，使你的代碼遠離配置文件。

  　　如果有錯誤的地方，望各位指正。如有其它問題，可以聯系

   文章來源： http://www.cnblogs.com/guozp/articles/7446477.html