Java直接控制打印機打印

我們是一家專業做酒店餐飲軟件的公司，餐飲軟件一個重要的功能就是后廚打印問題，前台點菜完畢，后廚立刻打印出單子，這樣就減少人工遞單的麻煩，節省時間，提高翻台率。這種信息化解決方案對打印技術要求很高，理論上最好 100% 不丟單，也就是每次點菜后廚都會相應出單子，但是實際上行不通，為什么呢？因為網線、打印機、網卡等都有可能有問題，別說打印機等硬件因為廚房油煙問題損壞，我們甚至碰到過網線被老鼠咬斷的情況，總之硬件網絡故障防不勝防，所以只能退而求其次，就是有問題不可怕，程序能夠判斷是否出了問題，並能給出提示，便於服務員處理，及時補單。

   如果我們用安裝 Windows 驅動的方法來實現后廚打印，那么肯定是不行的，因為我們只能單向向驅動程序拋包，不能從驅動程序獲得任何返回值，沒有辦法了解是否打印成功，而且經過驗證后發現，熱敏打印機驅動打印時速度上非常慢。而且更為嚴重的是，有時候因為后廚打印機過多，Windows 驅動甚至會因為網絡堵塞自作主張將包丟棄，沒有任何提示。這在行業應用中是不行的，會給用戶帶來損失，所以想到了繞過 Windows 驅動，直接寫端口的方法。

    package com.common.util.portprinter;  
      
    import java.io.IOException;  
    import java.io.OutputStream;  
      
    import com.common.util.PrinterParameterConf;  
      
    /** 
     * @author ChenMing 
     * 
     */  
    public class PortPrinterBase {  
        private OutputStream out;  
        protected int lineCount = 40;  
        private String printType="0";  
        public PortPrinterBase(OutputStream out, String printType){  
            this.out = out;  
            this.printType = printType;  
            initPrinter();  
            String lineCountStr = PrinterParameterConf.printerParameterConf.getProperty(PrinterParameterConf.LINEPRINTERCHARCOUNT_NAME);  
            try{  
                int temp = Integer.parseInt(lineCountStr);  
                this.lineCount = temp;  
            }catch(Exception e){      
            }  
        }  
        protected final String LEFT = "LEFT";  
        protected final String CENTER = "CENTER";  
        protected final String RIGHT = "RIGHT";  
        public static final byte HT = 0x9;  
        public static final byte LF = 0x0A;  
        public static final byte CR = 0x0D;  
        public static final byte ESC = 0x1B;  
        public static final byte DLE = 0x10;  
        public static final byte GS = 0x1D;  
        public static final byte FS = 0x1C;  
        public static final byte STX = 0x02;  
        public static final byte US = 0x1F;  
        public static final byte CAN = 0x18;  
        public static final byte CLR = 0x0C;  
        public static final byte EOT = 0x04;  
          
        /* 初始化打印機 */   
        public static final byte[] ESC_INIT = new byte[] {ESC, '@'};  
        /* 設置標准模式 */  
        public static final byte[] ESC_STANDARD = new byte[] {ESC, 'S'};  
        /* 設置漢字打印模式 */  
        public static final byte[] ESC_CN_FONT = new byte[] {FS, '&'};  
        /* 選擇字符集 */  
        public static final byte[] ESC_SELECT_CHARACTER = new byte[] {ESC, 'R', 9};  
        /* 設置用戶自定義漢字字體 焗7118 */  
        public static final byte[] ESC_FS_2 = new byte[] {FS, 0x32, 0x71, 0x18};  
        /* 取消用戶自定義字體 */  
        public static final byte[] ESC_CANCEL_DEFINE_FONT = new byte[]{ESC, '%', 0};  
        /* 打開錢箱指令 */   
        public static final byte[] ESC_OPEN_DRAWER = new byte[]{ESC, 'p', 0x00, 0x10, (byte) 0xff};  
        /* 切紙指令GS V m    
        * m  0,48 Executes a full cut(cuts the paper completely) 
        *    1,49 Excutes a partilal cut(one point left uncut) 
        */   
       public static final byte[] POS_CUT_MODE_FULL = new byte[]{GS, 'V', 0x00};  
       public static final byte[] POS_CUT_MODE_PARTIAL = new byte[]{GS, 'V', 0x01};  
        /* 西文字符 （半寬）字體A (6 ×12)，漢字字符 （全寬）字體A （12×12） */   
        public static final byte[] ESC_FONT_A = new byte[]{ESC, '!', 0};  
        /* 西文字符 （半寬）字體B (8×16)，漢字字符 （全寬）字體B （16×16） */   
        public static final byte[] ESC_FONT_B = new byte[]{ESC, '!', 1};  
        /* 12*24   0/48*/  
        public static final byte[] ESC_FONTA= new byte[]{ESC, 'M', 48};  
        /* 9*17    1/49*/  
        public static final byte[] ESC_FONTB= new byte[]{ESC, 'M', 1};  
        /* 默認顏色字體指令 */   
        public static final byte[] ESC_FONT_COLOR_DEFAULT = new byte[] {ESC, 'r', 0x00};  
        /* 紅色字體指令 */   
        public static final byte[] ESC_FONT_COLOR_RED = new byte[] {ESC, 'r', 0x01 };  
        /* 標准大小 */   
        public static final byte[] FS_FONT_ALIGN = new byte[]{FS, 0x21, 1, ESC, 0x21, 1};   
        /* 橫向放大一倍 */   
        public static final byte[] FS_FONT_ALIGN_DOUBLE = new byte[]{FS, 0x21, 4, ESC, 0x21, 4};   
        /* 縱向放大一倍 */   
        public static final byte[] FS_FONT_VERTICAL_DOUBLE = new byte[]{FS, 0x21, 8, ESC, 0x21, 8, GS, '!', 0x01};   
        /* 橫向縱向都放大一倍 */   
        public static final byte[] FS_FONT_DOUBLE = new byte[]{FS, 0x21, 12, ESC, 0x21, 48};   
        /* 靠左打印命令 */   
        public static final byte[] ESC_ALIGN_LEFT = new byte[]{0x1b,'a', 0x00};  
        /* 居中打印命令 */   
        public static final byte[] ESC_ALIGN_CENTER = new byte[]{0x1b,'a', 0x01};  
        /* 靠右打印命令 */   
        public static final byte[] ESC_ALIGN_RIGHT = new byte[]{0x1b,'a', 0x02};  
        /* 字體加粗 */  
        public static final byte[] ESC_SETTING_BOLD = new byte[]{ESC, 0x45, 1};  
        /* 取消字體加粗 */  
        public static final byte[] ESC_CANCEL_BOLD = new byte[]{ESC, 0x45, 0};  
        //DLE EOT n 實時狀態傳送  
        //如果返回結果為22  
        /** 
         * 、DLE EOT n 實時狀態傳送 
            [格式] ASCII碼 DLE EOT n 
            十六進制碼 10 04 n 
            十進制碼 16 4 n 
            [范圍] 1 ≤ n ≤ 4 
            [描述] 根據下列參數，實時傳送打印機狀態，參數 n 用來指定所要傳送的打印機狀態： 
            n = 1：傳送打印機狀態 
            n = 2：傳送脫機狀態 
            n = 3：傳送錯誤狀態 
            n = 4：傳送紙傳感器狀態 
            [注釋] 打印機收到該命令后立即返回相關狀態 
            該命令盡量不要插在2個或更多字節的命令序列中。 
            即使打印機被ESC =(選擇外設)命令設置為禁止，該命令依然有效。 
            打印機傳送當前狀態，每一狀態用1個字節數據表示。 
            打印機傳送狀態時並不確認主機是否收到。 
            打印機收到該命令立即執行。 
            該命令只對串口打印機有效。打印機在任何狀態下收到該命令都立即執行。 
         */  
        public static final byte[] PRINT_STATE_DLE_EOT = new byte[] {DLE, EOT,0x01};  
          
        public void initPrinter(){  
            try {  
                //modify by gongqiyi 20090917   
                //ESC_INIT 將在清空緩存區的數據  
                //out.write(ESC_INIT);  
                //自定義字體  
                //out.write(ESC_FS_2);  
                out.write(ESC_STANDARD);  
                out.write(ESC_CANCEL_DEFINE_FONT);  
                out.write(ESC_FONTA);  
                out.write(ESC_SELECT_CHARACTER);  
                //進入漢字模式打印  
                //out.write(ESC_CN_FONT);  
                  
                  
                //out.write(ESC_FONT_B);  
                //out.write(ESC_FONTA);  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        /** 
         * 走紙到切紙位置並切紙 
         */  
        public void executeLineFeedAndPaperCut(){  
            try {  
                out.write(PrinterParameterConf.printerParameterConf.getProperty  
              (PrinterParameterConf.PRINTCUTLINE_NAME).getBytes());  
                out.write(POS_CUT_MODE_PARTIAL);  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        /** 
         * 單據頭打印 
         * @param str 
         */  
        public void billHeaderPrinter(String str){  
            try {  
                out.write(ESC_ALIGN_CENTER);  
                out.write(FS_FONT_DOUBLE);  
                out.write((str+"\n").getBytes());  
                out.write(LF);  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        /** 
         * 叫單號打印 
         * @param str 
         */  
        public void callNumPrinter(String str){  
            try {  
                out.write(ESC_ALIGN_LEFT);  
                out.write(FS_FONT_DOUBLE);  
                out.write((str+"\n").getBytes());  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        /** 
         * 雙倍大小字體 
         * @param str 
         */  
        public void doubleSizePrinter(String str, String align){  
            try {  
                if(CENTER.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_LEFT);  
                }else if(RIGHT.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_RIGHT);  
                }else{  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_LEFT);  
                }  
                out.write(FS_FONT_DOUBLE);  
                out.write((str+"\n").getBytes());  
                //out.write(LF);  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        /** 
         * 標准字體打印一行 
         * @param str 需打印的字符串 
         * @param align 打印的位置 LEFT/CENTER/RIGHT 其他為默認居左打印 
         */  
        public void standardPrinterLine(String str, String align){  
            try{  
                if(CENTER.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_CENTER);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN);  
                    out.write(ESC_CN_FONT);  
                    out.write(ESC_CANCEL_BOLD);  
                    if("1".equals(printType)){  
                        out.write(ESC_FONTA);  
                    }else{  
                        out.write(ESC_FONT_B);  
                    }  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }else if(RIGHT.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_RIGHT);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN);  
                    out.write(ESC_CN_FONT);  
                    out.write(ESC_CANCEL_BOLD);  
                    if("1".equals(printType)){  
                        out.write(ESC_FONTA);  
                    }else{  
                        out.write(ESC_FONT_B);  
                    }  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }else{  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_LEFT);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN);  
                    out.write(ESC_CN_FONT);  
                    out.write(ESC_CANCEL_BOLD);  
                    if("1".equals(printType)){  
                        out.write(ESC_FONTA);  
                    }else{  
                        out.write(ESC_FONT_B);  
                    }  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }  
                out.write("\n".getBytes());  
            }catch(IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
      
        /** 
         * 標准粗體字體打印一行 
         * @param str 需打印的字符串 
         * @param align 打印的位置 LEFT/CENTER/RIGHT 其他為默認居左打印 
         */  
        public void standardBoldPrinterLine(String str, String align){  
            try{  
                if(CENTER.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_CENTER);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN);  
                    out.write(ESC_CN_FONT);  
                    out.write(ESC_SETTING_BOLD);  
                    if("1".equals(printType)){  
                        out.write(ESC_FONTA);  
                    }else{  
                        out.write(ESC_FONT_B);  
                    }  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }else if(RIGHT.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_RIGHT);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN);  
                    out.write(ESC_CN_FONT);  
                    out.write(ESC_SETTING_BOLD);  
                    if("1".equals(printType)){  
                        out.write(ESC_FONTA);  
                    }else{  
                        out.write(ESC_FONT_B);  
                    }  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }else{  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_LEFT);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN);  
                    out.write(ESC_CN_FONT);  
                    out.write(ESC_SETTING_BOLD);  
                    if("1".equals(printType)){  
                        out.write(ESC_FONTA);  
                    }else{  
                        out.write(ESC_FONT_B);  
                    }  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }  
                out.write("\n".getBytes());  
            }catch(IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
      
        /** 
         * 雙倍寬字體按行打印 
         * @param str 
         * @param align 
         */  
        public void largeSizePrinterLine(String str, String align){  
            try{  
                if(CENTER.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_CENTER);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN_DOUBLE);  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }else if(RIGHT.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_RIGHT);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN_DOUBLE);  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }else{  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_LEFT);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN_DOUBLE);  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }  
                out.write("\n".getBytes());  
            }catch(IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
          
        /** 
         * 雙倍高字體按行打印 
         * @param str 
         * @param align 
         */  
        public void largeHSizePrinterLine(String str, String align){  
            try{  
                if(CENTER.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_CENTER);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_VERTICAL_DOUBLE);  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }else if(RIGHT.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_RIGHT);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_VERTICAL_DOUBLE);  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }else{  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_LEFT);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_VERTICAL_DOUBLE);  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }  
                out.write("\n".getBytes());  
            }catch(IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }    /** 
         * 大號字體紅色按行打印 
         * @param str 
         * @param align 
         */  
        public void largeSizeRedPrinterLine(String str, String align){  
            try{  
                if(CENTER.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_CENTER);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN_DOUBLE);  
                    out.write(ESC_FONT_COLOR_RED);  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }else if(RIGHT.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_RIGHT);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN_DOUBLE);  
                    out.write(ESC_FONT_COLOR_RED);  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }else{  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_LEFT);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN_DOUBLE);  
                    out.write(ESC_FONT_COLOR_RED);  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }  
                out.write("\n".getBytes());  
            }catch(IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        public void openDrawer(){  
            try {  
                out.write(ESC_OPEN_DRAWER);  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        public String makePrintString(int lineChars, String txt1, String txt2){  
            if(txt1 == null){  
                txt1 = "";  
            }  
            if(txt2 == null){  
                txt2 = "";  
            }  
            int spaces = 0;  
            String tab = "";  
            try{  
                spaces = lineChars - (txt1.getBytes().length + txt2.getBytes().length);  
                for (int j = 0 ; j < spaces ; j++){  
                    tab += " ";  
                }  
            }catch(Exception e){  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
            return txt1 + tab + txt2;  
        }  
        public String makePrintString(int lineChars, String txt1, String txt2, String txt3){  
            if(txt1 == null){  
                txt1 = "";  
            }  
            if(txt2 == null){  
                txt2 = "";  
            }  
            if(txt3 == null){  
                txt3 = "";  
            }  
            int spaces = 0;  
            int lineChars1 = lineChars*2/3;  
            String tab = "";  
            String returnStr = txt1;  
            try{  
                spaces = lineChars1 - (returnStr.getBytes().length + txt2.getBytes().length);  
                for (int j = 0 ; j < spaces ; j++){  
                    tab += " ";  
                }  
                returnStr = txt1 + tab + txt2;  
                spaces = lineChars - (returnStr.getBytes().length + txt3.getBytes().length);  
                tab = "";  
                for (int j = 0 ; j < spaces ; j++){  
                    tab += " ";  
                }  
                returnStr = returnStr + tab + txt3;  
            }catch(Exception e){  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
            return returnStr;  
        }  
    }