Java直接控制打印机打印

我们是一家专业做酒店餐饮软件的公司，餐饮软件一个重要的功能就是后厨打印问题，前台点菜完毕，后厨立刻打印出单子，这样就减少人工递单的麻烦，节省时间，提高翻台率。这种信息化解决方案对打印技术要求很高，理论上最好 100% 不丢单，也就是每次点菜后厨都会相应出单子，但是实际上行不通，为什么呢？因为网线、打印机、网卡等都有可能有问题，别说打印机等硬件因为厨房油烟问题损坏，我们甚至碰到过网线被老鼠咬断的情况，总之硬件网络故障防不胜防，所以只能退而求其次，就是有问题不可怕，程序能够判断是否出了问题，并能给出提示，便于服务员处理，及时补单。

   如果我们用安装 Windows 驱动的方法来实现后厨打印，那么肯定是不行的，因为我们只能单向向驱动程序抛包，不能从驱动程序获得任何返回值，没有办法了解是否打印成功，而且经过验证后发现，热敏打印机驱动打印时速度上非常慢。而且更为严重的是，有时候因为后厨打印机过多，Windows 驱动甚至会因为网络堵塞自作主张将包丢弃，没有任何提示。这在行业应用中是不行的，会给用户带来损失，所以想到了绕过 Windows 驱动，直接写端口的方法。

    package com.common.util.portprinter;  
      
    import java.io.IOException;  
    import java.io.OutputStream;  
      
    import com.common.util.PrinterParameterConf;  
      
    /** 
     * @author ChenMing 
     * 
     */  
    public class PortPrinterBase {  
        private OutputStream out;  
        protected int lineCount = 40;  
        private String printType="0";  
        public PortPrinterBase(OutputStream out, String printType){  
            this.out = out;  
            this.printType = printType;  
            initPrinter();  
            String lineCountStr = PrinterParameterConf.printerParameterConf.getProperty(PrinterParameterConf.LINEPRINTERCHARCOUNT_NAME);  
            try{  
                int temp = Integer.parseInt(lineCountStr);  
                this.lineCount = temp;  
            }catch(Exception e){      
            }  
        }  
        protected final String LEFT = "LEFT";  
        protected final String CENTER = "CENTER";  
        protected final String RIGHT = "RIGHT";  
        public static final byte HT = 0x9;  
        public static final byte LF = 0x0A;  
        public static final byte CR = 0x0D;  
        public static final byte ESC = 0x1B;  
        public static final byte DLE = 0x10;  
        public static final byte GS = 0x1D;  
        public static final byte FS = 0x1C;  
        public static final byte STX = 0x02;  
        public static final byte US = 0x1F;  
        public static final byte CAN = 0x18;  
        public static final byte CLR = 0x0C;  
        public static final byte EOT = 0x04;  
          
        /* 初始化打印机 */   
        public static final byte[] ESC_INIT = new byte[] {ESC, '@'};  
        /* 设置标准模式 */  
        public static final byte[] ESC_STANDARD = new byte[] {ESC, 'S'};  
        /* 设置汉字打印模式 */  
        public static final byte[] ESC_CN_FONT = new byte[] {FS, '&'};  
        /* 选择字符集 */  
        public static final byte[] ESC_SELECT_CHARACTER = new byte[] {ESC, 'R', 9};  
        /* 设置用户自定义汉字字体 焗7118 */  
        public static final byte[] ESC_FS_2 = new byte[] {FS, 0x32, 0x71, 0x18};  
        /* 取消用户自定义字体 */  
        public static final byte[] ESC_CANCEL_DEFINE_FONT = new byte[]{ESC, '%', 0};  
        /* 打开钱箱指令 */   
        public static final byte[] ESC_OPEN_DRAWER = new byte[]{ESC, 'p', 0x00, 0x10, (byte) 0xff};  
        /* 切纸指令GS V m    
        * m  0,48 Executes a full cut(cuts the paper completely) 
        *    1,49 Excutes a partilal cut(one point left uncut) 
        */   
       public static final byte[] POS_CUT_MODE_FULL = new byte[]{GS, 'V', 0x00};  
       public static final byte[] POS_CUT_MODE_PARTIAL = new byte[]{GS, 'V', 0x01};  
        /* 西文字符 （半宽）字体A (6 ×12)，汉字字符 （全宽）字体A （12×12） */   
        public static final byte[] ESC_FONT_A = new byte[]{ESC, '!', 0};  
        /* 西文字符 （半宽）字体B (8×16)，汉字字符 （全宽）字体B （16×16） */   
        public static final byte[] ESC_FONT_B = new byte[]{ESC, '!', 1};  
        /* 12*24   0/48*/  
        public static final byte[] ESC_FONTA= new byte[]{ESC, 'M', 48};  
        /* 9*17    1/49*/  
        public static final byte[] ESC_FONTB= new byte[]{ESC, 'M', 1};  
        /* 默认颜色字体指令 */   
        public static final byte[] ESC_FONT_COLOR_DEFAULT = new byte[] {ESC, 'r', 0x00};  
        /* 红色字体指令 */   
        public static final byte[] ESC_FONT_COLOR_RED = new byte[] {ESC, 'r', 0x01 };  
        /* 标准大小 */   
        public static final byte[] FS_FONT_ALIGN = new byte[]{FS, 0x21, 1, ESC, 0x21, 1};   
        /* 横向放大一倍 */   
        public static final byte[] FS_FONT_ALIGN_DOUBLE = new byte[]{FS, 0x21, 4, ESC, 0x21, 4};   
        /* 纵向放大一倍 */   
        public static final byte[] FS_FONT_VERTICAL_DOUBLE = new byte[]{FS, 0x21, 8, ESC, 0x21, 8, GS, '!', 0x01};   
        /* 横向纵向都放大一倍 */   
        public static final byte[] FS_FONT_DOUBLE = new byte[]{FS, 0x21, 12, ESC, 0x21, 48};   
        /* 靠左打印命令 */   
        public static final byte[] ESC_ALIGN_LEFT = new byte[]{0x1b,'a', 0x00};  
        /* 居中打印命令 */   
        public static final byte[] ESC_ALIGN_CENTER = new byte[]{0x1b,'a', 0x01};  
        /* 靠右打印命令 */   
        public static final byte[] ESC_ALIGN_RIGHT = new byte[]{0x1b,'a', 0x02};  
        /* 字体加粗 */  
        public static final byte[] ESC_SETTING_BOLD = new byte[]{ESC, 0x45, 1};  
        /* 取消字体加粗 */  
        public static final byte[] ESC_CANCEL_BOLD = new byte[]{ESC, 0x45, 0};  
        //DLE EOT n 实时状态传送  
        //如果返回结果为22  
        /** 
         * 、DLE EOT n 实时状态传送 
            [格式] ASCII码 DLE EOT n 
            十六进制码 10 04 n 
            十进制码 16 4 n 
            [范围] 1 ≤ n ≤ 4 
            [描述] 根据下列参数，实时传送打印机状态，参数 n 用来指定所要传送的打印机状态： 
            n = 1：传送打印机状态 
            n = 2：传送脱机状态 
            n = 3：传送错误状态 
            n = 4：传送纸传感器状态 
            [注释] 打印机收到该命令后立即返回相关状态 
            该命令尽量不要插在2个或更多字节的命令序列中。 
            即使打印机被ESC =(选择外设)命令设置为禁止，该命令依然有效。 
            打印机传送当前状态，每一状态用1个字节数据表示。 
            打印机传送状态时并不确认主机是否收到。 
            打印机收到该命令立即执行。 
            该命令只对串口打印机有效。打印机在任何状态下收到该命令都立即执行。 
         */  
        public static final byte[] PRINT_STATE_DLE_EOT = new byte[] {DLE, EOT,0x01};  
          
        public void initPrinter(){  
            try {  
                //modify by gongqiyi 20090917   
                //ESC_INIT 将在清空缓存区的数据  
                //out.write(ESC_INIT);  
                //自定义字体  
                //out.write(ESC_FS_2);  
                out.write(ESC_STANDARD);  
                out.write(ESC_CANCEL_DEFINE_FONT);  
                out.write(ESC_FONTA);  
                out.write(ESC_SELECT_CHARACTER);  
                //进入汉字模式打印  
                //out.write(ESC_CN_FONT);  
                  
                  
                //out.write(ESC_FONT_B);  
                //out.write(ESC_FONTA);  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        /** 
         * 走纸到切纸位置并切纸 
         */  
        public void executeLineFeedAndPaperCut(){  
            try {  
                out.write(PrinterParameterConf.printerParameterConf.getProperty  
              (PrinterParameterConf.PRINTCUTLINE_NAME).getBytes());  
                out.write(POS_CUT_MODE_PARTIAL);  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        /** 
         * 单据头打印 
         * @param str 
         */  
        public void billHeaderPrinter(String str){  
            try {  
                out.write(ESC_ALIGN_CENTER);  
                out.write(FS_FONT_DOUBLE);  
                out.write((str+"\n").getBytes());  
                out.write(LF);  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        /** 
         * 叫单号打印 
         * @param str 
         */  
        public void callNumPrinter(String str){  
            try {  
                out.write(ESC_ALIGN_LEFT);  
                out.write(FS_FONT_DOUBLE);  
                out.write((str+"\n").getBytes());  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        /** 
         * 双倍大小字体 
         * @param str 
         */  
        public void doubleSizePrinter(String str, String align){  
            try {  
                if(CENTER.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_LEFT);  
                }else if(RIGHT.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_RIGHT);  
                }else{  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_LEFT);  
                }  
                out.write(FS_FONT_DOUBLE);  
                out.write((str+"\n").getBytes());  
                //out.write(LF);  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        /** 
         * 标准字体打印一行 
         * @param str 需打印的字符串 
         * @param align 打印的位置 LEFT/CENTER/RIGHT 其他为默认居左打印 
         */  
        public void standardPrinterLine(String str, String align){  
            try{  
                if(CENTER.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_CENTER);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN);  
                    out.write(ESC_CN_FONT);  
                    out.write(ESC_CANCEL_BOLD);  
                    if("1".equals(printType)){  
                        out.write(ESC_FONTA);  
                    }else{  
                        out.write(ESC_FONT_B);  
                    }  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }else if(RIGHT.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_RIGHT);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN);  
                    out.write(ESC_CN_FONT);  
                    out.write(ESC_CANCEL_BOLD);  
                    if("1".equals(printType)){  
                        out.write(ESC_FONTA);  
                    }else{  
                        out.write(ESC_FONT_B);  
                    }  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }else{  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_LEFT);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN);  
                    out.write(ESC_CN_FONT);  
                    out.write(ESC_CANCEL_BOLD);  
                    if("1".equals(printType)){  
                        out.write(ESC_FONTA);  
                    }else{  
                        out.write(ESC_FONT_B);  
                    }  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }  
                out.write("\n".getBytes());  
            }catch(IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
      
        /** 
         * 标准粗体字体打印一行 
         * @param str 需打印的字符串 
         * @param align 打印的位置 LEFT/CENTER/RIGHT 其他为默认居左打印 
         */  
        public void standardBoldPrinterLine(String str, String align){  
            try{  
                if(CENTER.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_CENTER);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN);  
                    out.write(ESC_CN_FONT);  
                    out.write(ESC_SETTING_BOLD);  
                    if("1".equals(printType)){  
                        out.write(ESC_FONTA);  
                    }else{  
                        out.write(ESC_FONT_B);  
                    }  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }else if(RIGHT.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_RIGHT);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN);  
                    out.write(ESC_CN_FONT);  
                    out.write(ESC_SETTING_BOLD);  
                    if("1".equals(printType)){  
                        out.write(ESC_FONTA);  
                    }else{  
                        out.write(ESC_FONT_B);  
                    }  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }else{  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_LEFT);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN);  
                    out.write(ESC_CN_FONT);  
                    out.write(ESC_SETTING_BOLD);  
                    if("1".equals(printType)){  
                        out.write(ESC_FONTA);  
                    }else{  
                        out.write(ESC_FONT_B);  
                    }  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }  
                out.write("\n".getBytes());  
            }catch(IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
      
        /** 
         * 双倍宽字体按行打印 
         * @param str 
         * @param align 
         */  
        public void largeSizePrinterLine(String str, String align){  
            try{  
                if(CENTER.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_CENTER);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN_DOUBLE);  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }else if(RIGHT.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_RIGHT);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN_DOUBLE);  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }else{  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_LEFT);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN_DOUBLE);  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }  
                out.write("\n".getBytes());  
            }catch(IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
          
        /** 
         * 双倍高字体按行打印 
         * @param str 
         * @param align 
         */  
        public void largeHSizePrinterLine(String str, String align){  
            try{  
                if(CENTER.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_CENTER);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_VERTICAL_DOUBLE);  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }else if(RIGHT.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_RIGHT);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_VERTICAL_DOUBLE);  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }else{  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_LEFT);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_VERTICAL_DOUBLE);  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }  
                out.write("\n".getBytes());  
            }catch(IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }    /** 
         * 大号字体红色按行打印 
         * @param str 
         * @param align 
         */  
        public void largeSizeRedPrinterLine(String str, String align){  
            try{  
                if(CENTER.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_CENTER);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN_DOUBLE);  
                    out.write(ESC_FONT_COLOR_RED);  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }else if(RIGHT.equals(align)){  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_RIGHT);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN_DOUBLE);  
                    out.write(ESC_FONT_COLOR_RED);  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }else{  
                    out.write(ESC_ALIGN_LEFT);  
                    out.write(FS_FONT_ALIGN_DOUBLE);  
                    out.write(ESC_FONT_COLOR_RED);  
                    out.write(str.getBytes());  
                }  
                out.write("\n".getBytes());  
            }catch(IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        public void openDrawer(){  
            try {  
                out.write(ESC_OPEN_DRAWER);  
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
        }  
        public String makePrintString(int lineChars, String txt1, String txt2){  
            if(txt1 == null){  
                txt1 = "";  
            }  
            if(txt2 == null){  
                txt2 = "";  
            }  
            int spaces = 0;  
            String tab = "";  
            try{  
                spaces = lineChars - (txt1.getBytes().length + txt2.getBytes().length);  
                for (int j = 0 ; j < spaces ; j++){  
                    tab += " ";  
                }  
            }catch(Exception e){  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
            return txt1 + tab + txt2;  
        }  
        public String makePrintString(int lineChars, String txt1, String txt2, String txt3){  
            if(txt1 == null){  
                txt1 = "";  
            }  
            if(txt2 == null){  
                txt2 = "";  
            }  
            if(txt3 == null){  
                txt3 = "";  
            }  
            int spaces = 0;  
            int lineChars1 = lineChars*2/3;  
            String tab = "";  
            String returnStr = txt1;  
            try{  
                spaces = lineChars1 - (returnStr.getBytes().length + txt2.getBytes().length);  
                for (int j = 0 ; j < spaces ; j++){  
                    tab += " ";  
                }  
                returnStr = txt1 + tab + txt2;  
                spaces = lineChars - (returnStr.getBytes().length + txt3.getBytes().length);  
                tab = "";  
                for (int j = 0 ; j < spaces ; j++){  
                    tab += " ";  
                }  
                returnStr = returnStr + tab + txt3;  
            }catch(Exception e){  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
            return returnStr;  
        }  
    }