如何快速掌握man手冊的使用


man手冊內容詳細,解釋到位,因為好多都是軟件的原創者自己寫的說明文檔,當然是第一手的資料。但是,有幾個難點需要克服:

1、英文不易閱讀,通常我是先在書上或者網絡上找到某個命令的詳細說明和解釋,然后在通過man手冊查看該命令,通俗的講:帶着答案看問題的方法。勉強能夠讀懂,下一次再次忘記了該命令的用法,直接看man手冊(畢竟方便嘛),如果又看不懂了,在查書和網絡,把看不懂的地方反復強化,幾次后基本就能明白man的英文語義了。

2、不會使用man。其實只有幾個常用的命令:

man -f 命令名      //用一句話描述該命令的用途,等同於”whatis“命令,例如:

fly@noi:~$ man grep
fly@noi:~$ man -f grep
grep (1)             - print lines matching a pattern
fly@noi:~$ whatis grep
grep (1)             - print lines matching a pattern
fly@noi:~$ 

man -k 命令名    //顯示所有包含該命令名的所有命令

fly@noi:~$ man -k grep
bzegrep (1)          - search possibly bzip2 compressed files for a regular expression
bzfgrep (1)          - search possibly bzip2 compressed files for a regular expression
bzgrep (1)           - search possibly bzip2 compressed files for a regular expression
egrep (1)            - print lines matching a pattern
fgrep (1)            - print lines matching a pattern
git-grep (1)         - Print lines matching a pattern
grep (1)             - print lines matching a pattern
grepdiff (1)         - show files modified by a diff containing a regex
lzegrep (1)          - search compressed files for a regular expression
lzfgrep (1)          - search compressed files for a regular expression
lzgrep (1)           - search compressed files for a regular expression
msggrep (1)          - pattern matching on message catalog
pgrep (1)            - look up or signal processes based on name and other attributes
ptargrep (1)         - Apply pattern matching to the contents of files in a tar archive
rgrep (1)            - print lines matching a pattern
xzegrep (1)          - search compressed files for a regular expression
xzfgrep (1)          - search compressed files for a regular expression
xzgrep (1)           - search compressed files for a regular expression
zegrep (1)           - search possibly compressed files for a regular expression
zfgrep (1)           - search possibly compressed files for a regular expression
zgrep (1)            - search possibly compressed files for a regular expression
zipgrep (1)          - search files in a ZIP archive for lines matching a pattern
fly@noi:~$ 

3、搜索指定章節的關鍵字,下面的echo在第1和8章都有,如果我想找第1章的:

fly@noi:~$ man -k echo
echo (1)             - display a line of text
l2ping (1)           - Send L2CAP echo request and receive answer
lessecho (1)         - expand metacharacters
pam_echo (8)         - PAM module for printing text messages
ping (8)             - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts
ping6 (8)            - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts
xmessage (1)         - display a message or query in a window (X-based /bin/echo)
fly@noi:~$ man -s 1 -k echo
echo (1)             - display a line of text
l2ping (1)           - Send L2CAP echo request and receive answer
lessecho (1)         - expand metacharacters
xmessage (1)         - display a message or query in a window (X-based /bin/echo)
fly@noi:~$ 

4、如果同一個命令,幾個章都有,可以指定章號來顯示:

fly@noi:~$ man -f printf
printf (1)           - format and print data
printf (3)           - formatted output conversion
fly@noi:~$ man 3 printf    //這樣就可以顯示第3章的了,否則默認是第1章

5、在man手冊頁內,也查找指定參數:

比如:我想找grep的--color參數的用法:

/--color   //注意:如果有很多選項可以在單詞后面加空格在搜索

我想找grep命令中某一個單詞,用"\< \>"命令,可以准確匹配一個詞,詞只能由字母、數字、下划線組成。

/\<n\>

 


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