消息分發
前言
我們在用到消息隊列的場景,一般是處理邏輯復雜,耗時,所以將同步改為異步處理,接入隊列,下游處理耗時任務。
隊列消息數量很大,且下游worker進程(消費者)處理耗時長,所以就有了任務的積壓。rabbitmq提供了任務分發的機制。
流程弱化如下圖:
可以接入多個消費者,rabbitmq會將消息均勻的分發給每一個消費者。
耗時任務
我們可以在consumer端用sleep()函數來模擬耗時任務,通過判斷消息的點的個數,來進行相應的sleep幾秒。
sender.php
require_once __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php'; use PhpAmqpLib\Connection\AMQPStreamConnection; use PhpAmqpLib\Message\AMQPMessage; $connection = new AMQPStreamConnection('127.0.0.1', 5672, 'guest', 'guest'); $channel = $connection->channel(); $channel->queue_declare('hello', false, false, false, false); $data = implode(" ", array_slice($argv, 1)); empty($data) && $data = "Hello World!"; $msg = new AMQPMessage($data); $channel->basic_publish($msg, '', 'hello'); echo " [x] Sent '$data'\n"; //close the channel and connection; $channel->close(); $connection->close();
receive.php
<?php require_once __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php'; use PhpAmqpLib\Connection\AMQPStreamConnection; $connection = new AMQPStreamConnection('127.0.0.1', 5672, 'guest', 'guest'); $channel = $connection->channel(); $channel->queue_declare('hello', false, false, false, false); echo ' [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C', "\n"; $callback = function($msg) { echo "[x] Received ", $msg->body, "\n"; sleep(substr_count($msg->body, '.')); echo "[x] Done\n"; }; $channel->basic_consume('hello', '', false, true, false, false, $callback); while(count($channel->callbacks)) { $channel->wait(); }
驗證
開啟兩個終端作為消費者,C1,C2。
開啟一個終端作為生產者,P1。
P1生產消息:
C1消費消息:
C2消費消息:
以上,是rabbitmq的 Round-robin dispatching