串口操作需要注意的幾點如下:
1、如果是USB轉串口;則需要安裝USB轉串口驅動,附件有此驅動。
2、串口打開狀態最好不要直接插拔串口,可能會導致中控板或者串口線燒壞。
3、使用串口調試工具CEIWEI,下一章節會貼上使用教程
簡單的串口收發通信,有以下步驟:
1、打開制定的串口、綁定串口接收事件
2、初始化串口指令
3、發送串口指令
-------打開串口代碼--------
/// <summary>
/// 打開串口
/// </summary>
/// <param name="strPortName">串口號</param>
/// <param name="nRate">波特率</param>
/// <param name="nDataBit">數據位</param>
/// <param name="stopBits">停止位</param>
/// /// <param name="nParity">校驗位</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool OpenSerial(string strPortName, int nRate, int nDataBit, float nStopBits, int nParity)
{
//這里就是綁定串口接收回調事件,即發送一條串口命令,發送成功,則會觸發此事件進入ReciceSerialData方法,我們就進行判斷發送成功還是失敗。
serial.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(ReciveSerialData);
serial.PortName = strPortName;//串口號
serial.BaudRate = nRate;//波特率
float f = nStopBits;//停止位
if (f == 0)
{
serial.StopBits = StopBits.None;
}
else if (f == 1.5)
{
serial.StopBits = StopBits.OnePointFive;
}
else if (f == 1)
{
serial.StopBits = StopBits.One;
}
else
{
serial.StopBits = StopBits.Two;
}
serial.DataBits = nDataBit;//數據位
if (nParity == 0) //校驗位
{
serial.Parity = Parity.None;
}
else if (nParity == 1)
{
serial.Parity = Parity.Odd;
}
else if (nParity == 2)
{
serial.Parity = Parity.Even;
}
else
{
serial.Parity = Parity.None;
}
serial.ReadTimeout = 3000;//設置超時讀取時間
serial.WriteTimeout = 500;//超時寫入時間
try
{
if (!serial.IsOpen)
{
serial.Open();
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
return false;
}
return true;
}
-------使用實例--------
//定義串口對象
private SerialPort serial = new SerialPort();
//在按鈕Click事件里調用打開串口的方法,串口COM號參數以本機具體串口號為准,COM1除外,如果只有COM1則需要安裝串口驅動,見附件
private void btnOpenSerial_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (!OpenSerial("COM3", 115200, 8, 1, 0))
{
//串口打開失敗
MessageBox.Show("串口打開失敗!");
}
}
-------初始化串口命令、發送指令-------
注:我這個命令並不是通用的,是根據我這邊的中控板協議;發對應的命令,但是其他中控板的命令格式也是差不多的
/// <summary>
/// 初始化串口命令
/// </summary>
/// <param name="nStaus">操作類型</param>
public void InitialSerialCommand(int nStaus)
{
byte[] btyData = new byte[100];
btyData[0] = 0x5A;
btyData[1] = 0x55;
btyData[2] = 0x00;
btyData[3] = 0x00;
btyData[4] = 0x02;
btyData[5] = 0xD1;
btyData[6] = 0x00;
btyData[7] = 0x18;
btyData[8] = 0x6A;
btyData[9] = 0x69;
//開燈
if (nStaus == 0)
{
btyData[6] = 0x01;
}
//全關
else
{
btyData[6] = 0x00;
}
//發送指令
if (serial != null)
{
try
{
SerialWrite(0, btyData);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
}
}
}
---------串口回調方法-----------
/// <summary>
/// 接收數據事件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void ReciveSerialData(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
try
{
if (serial.BytesToRead == 0)
{
return;
}
byte[] btyReciveData = new byte[serial.BytesToRead];
byte[] btyResoureData = new byte[btyReciveData.Length];
string strData = string.Empty;
int intSp = serial.Read(btyReciveData, 0, btyReciveData.Length);//在此就可以讀取到當前緩沖區內的數據
int i = 0;
string[] hex = new string[] { "0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f" };
for (i = 0; i < btyReciveData.Length; i++)
{
btyResoureData[i] = Convert.ToByte(("0x" + (hex[btyReciveData[i] / 16]).ToString() + (hex[btyReciveData[i] % 16]).ToString()), 16);
}
for (int a = 0; a < btyReciveData.Length; a++)
{
strData += btyResoureData[a].ToString("X2");
}
//若串口命令發送成功,則會返回和發送指令一樣的指令,我發送的指令是(5A55000002D101186A69 );返回的也是(5A55000002D101186A69 );則可以判定串口數據交互成功。
if (strData.IndexOf("5A55000002D101186A69") >= 0)
{
//發送成功
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
}
}
DEMO實例:https://files.cnblogs.com/files/henryzong/%E4%B8%B2%E5%8F%A3%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1DEMO.zip
串口驅動:https://files.cnblogs.com/files/henryzong/%E4%B8%B2%E5%8F%A3%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8.zip
串口調試工具:https://files.cnblogs.com/files/henryzong/%E4%B8%B2%E5%8F%A3%E8%B0%83%E8%AF%95%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7.zip
