C#串口通信-示例

效果圖：

====================== 代碼段 =================================

public partial class SerialPortEx : Form
    {
        private SerialPort sp = new SerialPort();
        bool isOpen = false; //
        bool isSetProperty = false; //屬性設置標志
        bool isHex = false; //十六進制顯示標志
        bool isFileOpen = false;
        string RecvDataText = null;
        
        public SerialPortEx()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void SerialPort_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) //串口列表
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
            {
                cbxComPort.Items.Add("COM" + (i + 1).ToString());
            }
            cbxComPort.SelectedIndex = 0;   //設置串口初始值
            //列出常用的波特率表
            cbxBaudRate.Items.Add("1200");
            cbxBaudRate.Items.Add("2400");
            cbxBaudRate.Items.Add("4800");
            cbxBaudRate.Items.Add("9600");
            cbxBaudRate.Items.Add("19200");
            cbxBaudRate.Items.Add("38400");
            cbxBaudRate.SelectedIndex = 5;
            //列出停止位
            cbxStopBits.Items.Add("0");
            cbxStopBits.Items.Add("1");
            cbxStopBits.Items.Add("1.5");
            cbxStopBits.Items.Add("2");
            cbxStopBits.SelectedIndex = 1;
            //列出數據位
            cbxDataBits.Items.Add("8");
            cbxDataBits.Items.Add("7");
            cbxDataBits.Items.Add("6");
            cbxDataBits.Items.Add("5");
            cbxDataBits.SelectedIndex = 1;
            //列出奇偶校驗位
            cbxParity.Items.Add("無");
            cbxParity.Items.Add("奇校驗");
            cbxParity.Items.Add("偶校驗");
            cbxParity.SelectedIndex = 0;
            //默認char顯示
            rbnChar.Checked = true;
        }
        

        private void textBox1_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        private void btnCheckCom_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) //檢測Com口
        {
            bool comExist = false;
            cbxComPort.Items.Clear();
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            {
                try
                {
                    SerialPort sp = new SerialPort("COM" + (i + 1).ToString());
                    sp.Open();
                    sp.Close();
                    cbxComPort.Items.Add("COM" + (i + 1).ToString());
                    comExist = true;
                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    continue;
                }
            }
            if (comExist)
            {
                cbxComPort.SelectedIndex = 0; //默認第一個
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("沒有找到任何可用串口", "錯誤提示");
            }

        }
        //串口檢測 界面初始化
        private bool CheckPortSetting() //檢測串口是否初始化
        {
            if (cbxComPort.Text.Trim() == "") return false;
            if (cbxBaudRate.Text.Trim() == "") return false;
            if (cbxDataBits.Text.Trim() == "") return false;
            if (cbxParity.Text.Trim() == "") return false;
            if (cbxStopBits.Text.Trim() == "") return false;
            return true;
        }
        private bool CheckSendDate() //檢測發送數據是否為空
        {
            if (tbxSentData.Text.Trim() == "") return false;
            return true;
        }
        private void SetPortProperty() //
        {
            sp = new SerialPort();
            sp.PortName = cbxComPort.Text.Trim();  //設置串口名
            sp.BaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(cbxBaudRate.Text.Trim()); //設置串口波特率
            int f = (int)Convert.ToSingle(cbxStopBits.Text.Trim()) * 10; //設置停止位            
            switch (f)
            {
                case 0:
                    sp.StopBits = StopBits.None;
                    break;
                case 10:
                    sp.StopBits = StopBits.One;
                    break;
                case 15:
                    sp.StopBits = StopBits.OnePointFive;
                    break;
                case 20:
                    sp.StopBits = StopBits.Two;
                    break;
                default:
                    sp.StopBits = StopBits.None;
                    break;
            }
            sp.DataBits = Convert.ToInt16(cbxDataBits.Text.Trim()); //設置數據位
            string parityType = cbxParity.Text.Trim(); //設置奇偶校驗
            switch (parityType)
            {
                case "無":
                    sp.Parity = Parity.None;
                    break;
                case "奇校驗":
                    sp.Parity = Parity.Odd;
                    break;
                case "偶校驗":
                    sp.Parity = Parity.Even;
                    break;
                default:
                    sp.Parity = Parity.None;
                    break;
            }
            sp.ReadTimeout = -1; //超時讀取時間
            sp.RtsEnable = true; // 指示本設備准備好可接收數據
            //定義Data Received事件，當串口收到數據后出發事件
            sp.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(sp_DataReceived);
        }

        private void btnOpenCom_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (isOpen == false)
            {
                if (!CheckPortSetting())  //檢測串口設置
                {
                    MessageBox.Show("串口未設置", "錯誤提示");
                    return;
                }
                if (isSetProperty == false) // 檢測
                {
                    SetPortProperty();
                    isSetProperty = true;
                }
                try //打開串口
                {
                    sp.Open();
                    isOpen = true;
                    btnOpenCom.Text = "關閉串口";
                    //串口打開后相關的串口設置按鈕不再可選擇
                    cbxBaudRate.Enabled = false;
                    cbxComPort.Enabled = false;
                    cbxDataBits.Enabled = false;
                    cbxParity.Enabled = false;
                    cbxStopBits.Enabled = false;
                }
                catch (Exception)
                {   //失敗后設置
                    isSetProperty = false;
                    isOpen = false;
                    MessageBox.Show("串口無效或已經被占用！", "錯誤提示");
                }
            }
            else
            {
                sp.Close();
                isOpen = false;
                isSetProperty = false;
                btnOpenCom.Text = "打開串口";
                //重置選擇按鈕有效
                cbxBaudRate.Enabled = true;
                cbxComPort.Enabled = true;
                cbxDataBits.Enabled = true;
                cbxParity.Enabled = true;
                cbxStopBits.Enabled = true;
            }

        }

        private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                System.Text.UTF8Encoding utf8 = new System.Text.UTF8Encoding();
                byte[] writeBytes = utf8.GetBytes(tbxSentData.Text);
                //byte[] writeBytes11 = new Byte[data1.length]; //
                sp.Write(writeBytes,0,writeBytes.Length); //發送數據內容


            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("發送數據時發生錯誤！", "錯誤提示");
                return;
            
            }
        }
        private void sp_DataReceived(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(100);  //延遲100ms等待接收完成數據
            this.Invoke((EventHandler)(
                delegate {
                    if (isHex == false)
                    {
                        System.Text.UTF8Encoding utf8 = new System.Text.UTF8Encoding();// 顯示漢字與字符
                        Byte[] readBytes = new Byte[sp.BytesToRead];
                        sp.Read(readBytes, 0, readBytes.Length);
                        string decodedString = utf8.GetString(readBytes);
                        tbxRecvData.Text += decodedString;
                    }
                    else
                    { 
                        
                    }
                
                }

                ));
        }


    }

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