簡單分解一下
接口測試框架設計:
主入口 -> 遍歷接口/用例 -> 發送請求+接收響應 ->結果的對比 -> 生成報告 ->發送email
分成幾大類：
主入口的py文件
src-核心代碼文件
遍歷case，發送請求和接收響應
存放case的
2、數據庫里維護
3、excel里維護
包括的字段：編號，接口名稱，地址前綴，請求地址，請求方法，請求數據類型，請 求數據，檢查點，是否運行，測試結果，響應參數
公共函數：被多次重復調用，且沒有依賴性
commans-存放公共函數庫文件
2、數據庫里維護
3、excel里維護
包括的字段：
reports存放報告
excel
放插件的目錄
log日志目錄
1\先編寫請求類,requests庫里各類請求的封裝
#! /usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 import requests import json #定義請求類 class Interface_Request: def req_get(self,url,params,headers): try: r = requests.get(url,params=params,headers=headers) #轉換為python類型的字典格式,json包的響應結果，調用json(),轉換成python類型 json_r = r.json() return json_r except BaseException as e: print("請求不能完成:",str(e)) def post_kv(self,url,data,headers): try: r = requests.post(url,data=data,headers=headers) #轉換為python類型的字典格式,json包的響應結果，調用json(),轉換成python類型 json_r = r.json() #print(json_r) return json_r except BaseException as e: print("請求不能完成:",str(e)) def post_json(self,url,data,headers): try: #python類型轉化為json類型 data = json.dumps(data) r = requests.post(url,data=data,headers=headers) json_r = r.json() return json_r except Exception as e: print("請求不能完成:",str(e)) ''' 下面為測試代碼 url = "http://v.juhe.cn/laohuangli/d" params = {"key":"e711bc6362b3179f5a28de7fd3ee4ace","date":"2016-5-14"} headers = {} req = Interface_Request() req.req_get(url,params,headers) req.post_kv(url,params,headers) req.post_json(url,params,headers) '''
2\接口類編寫,完成調用請求並接受響應然后對結果進行對比,對結果和響應的寫入
import requests import re import sys sys.path.append("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/接口自動化測試/common") from laohuangli_requests import Interface_Request ''' class InterfaceTest(object): def 方法名稱(self): 請求類的調用,發送請求,獲取響應 re.search(檢查點,響應內容) re.search(rro_code:'0',r)#匹配到就返回Ture,沒有就返回False if re.search(rro_code:'0',r): print("xxxxxx") else: print(xxxxxx) ''' ''' class InterfaceTest: def testGet(self): url = "http://v.juhe.cn/laohuangli/d" params = {"key":"e711bc6362b3179f5a28de7fd3ee4ace","date":"2016-5-14"} headers = {} req = Interface_Request() req_get = req.req_get(url,params = params,headers = headers) print(str(req_get)) if(re.search("'error_code': 0",str(req_get))): print("pass") else: print("fail") it = InterfaceTest() it.testGet() ''' class InterfaceTest: def testrequest(self,url,uri,params,reqform,dataform,checkpoint,headers,i,sheet,num,name,log): #可選 ''' headers = {'Content-Type':'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8'} headers = {'Content-Type':'application/json;charset=utf-8'} ''' #生成請求類的對象 req = Interface_Request() #req_get = req.req_get(url,params = params,headers = headers) #請求前綴和接口地址的拼接 full_url = url + uri #判斷請求類型 if(reqform == 'GET'): #調用請求類的函數,得到返回結果 self.req_test = req.req_get(full_url,params,headers) elif(reqform == 'POST' and dataform == 'Form'): self.req_test = req.post_kv(full_url,params,headers) elif(reqform == 'POST' and dataform == 'Json'): headers = {'Content-Type':'application/json;charset=utf-8'} self.req_test = req.post_json(full_url,params,headers) else: print("請求不通過,請檢查case用例配置") print(self.req_test) #檢查點與響應數據做對比 if(re.search(checkpoint,str(self.req_test))): sheet.cell(row = i,column = 11).value = "成功" #row是通過遍歷case類傳遞的 sheet.cell(row = i,column = 12).value = str(self.req_test) log.info("用例編號"+ str(num) + " " + name + "接口執行成功") else: sheet.cell(row = i,column = 11).value = "失敗" sheet.cell(row = i,column = 12).value = str(self.req_test) log.error("用例編號"+ str(num) + " " + name + "接口執行失敗") ''' #請求前綴 url = "http://v.juhe.cn/" #接口地址 uri = "laohuangli/d" params = {"key":"e711bc6362b3179f5a28de7fd3ee4ace","date":"2016-5-14"} headers = {} #請求類型 reqform = 'post' #數據類型 dataform = 'json' #檢查點 checkpoint = "'error_code': 0" it = InterfaceTest() it.testrequest(url,uri,params,reqform,dataform,checkpoint,headers) '''
3\遍歷case,讀取數據,傳入數據給接口類,得到請求類的數據,實際結果與預期結果做對比,填寫case,得到報告
#! /usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 import openpyxl import sys sys.path.append("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/接口自動化測試/src") from laohuangli_InterfaceTest import InterfaceTest sys.path.append("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/接口自動化測試/common") from log import Log #避免轉義,將\寫成/ #path = "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/laohuangli-testcase.xlsx" class ReadCase: def get_case(self,path1,path2): log = Log('C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/接口自動化測試/logs/test.log') try: #打開excel文件,返回標記位給wb wb = openpyxl.load_workbook(path1) log.info("打開測試用例成功!") except BaseException as e: log.info("打開測試測試用例失敗:",str(e)) #獲取sheet(第二個sheet) sheet = wb.get_sheet_by_name("TestCase") print("獲取指定的工作表:",sheet.title) #for循環遍歷case for i in range(2,sheet.max_row + 1): if sheet.cell(row = i,column = 10).value.replace('\n','').replace('r','') != 'Yes': continue request_data1 = sheet.cell(row = i,column = 1).value print(type(request_data1),request_data1) request_data2 = sheet.cell(row = i,column = 2).value print(type(request_data2),request_data2) request_data3 = sheet.cell(row = i,column = 3).value print(type(request_data3),request_data3) request_data4 = sheet.cell(row = i,column = 4).value print(type(request_data4),request_data4) request_data5 = sheet.cell(row = i,column = 5).value print(type(request_data5),request_data5) request_data6 = sheet.cell(row = i,column = 6).value print(type(request_data6),request_data6) request_data7 = sheet.cell(row = i,column = 7).value #excel里取出來的是字符串,需要用eval函數轉換 #取的是字符串,轉換成字典 request_data7 = eval(request_data7) print(type(request_data7),request_data7) request_data8 = sheet.cell(row = i,column = 8).value print(type(request_data8),request_data8) request_data9 = sheet.cell(row = i,column = 9).value print(type(request_data9),request_data9) #調用接口類 headers = {} it = InterfaceTest() it.testrequest(request_data3,request_data4,request_data7,request_data5,request_data6,request_data8,headers,i,sheet,request_data1,request_data2,log) #保存數據,excel另存為 wb.save(path2) ''' #測試用例地址 path1 = "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/laohuangli-testcase.xlsx" path2 = "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/laohuangli-testreport.xlsx" readcase1 = ReadCase() readcase1.get_case(path1,path2) if sheet.cell(row = i,column = 10).value.replace('\n','').replace('r','') != 'Yes': continue request_data1 = sheet.cell(row = i,column = 2).value.replace('\n','').replace('r','') #excel里取出來的是字符串,需要用eval函數轉換 print(type(request_data1)) request_data1 = eval(request_data1) print(request_data1) '''
4\發送郵件的代碼封裝成類
#! /usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 import smtplib import email.mime.multipart import email.mime.text from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication ''' 先來想下發送郵件需要填寫什么，還需要有什么條件 1.與郵件服務器建立連接,用戶名和密碼 2.發郵件:發件人\收件人\主題\內容\附件 3.發送 ''' class SendMail: def send_mail(self,sender,receiver,title,attach_xlsx,attach_jpg): msg=email.mime.multipart.MIMEMultipart()#生成包含多個郵件體的對象 msg['from']=sender msg['to']=receiver msg['subject']= title content=''' Hi all， 這是一封huipaodexiong自動化測試發送的郵件 QQ:361702852 博客：xxxxxxxxxxxxxx 微信號:361702852 帶附件 ''' print('成功1') #郵件正文,將文件正文當成附件發送,當正文內容很多時,提高效率 txt=email.mime.text.MIMEText(content) msg.attach(txt) print('成功2') #excel附件--固定格式 xlsxpart = MIMEApplication(open(attach_xlsx, 'rb').read()) xlsxpart.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='laohuangli-testcase1.xlsx') msg.attach(xlsxpart) #jpg圖片附件 jpgpart = MIMEApplication(open(attach_jpg, 'rb').read()) jpgpart.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='接口測試框架.jpg') msg.attach(jpgpart) #發送郵件 smtp=smtplib smtp=smtplib.SMTP() smtp.set_debuglevel(1)#設置為調試模式，console中顯示 print('成功3') smtp.connect('smtp.126.com','25') #鏈接服務器，smtp地址+端口 print('成功4') smtp.login('huipaodexiong@126.com','xxxxxx') #登錄，用戶名+密碼 print('成功5') smtp.sendmail(sender,receiver,str(msg)) #發送，from+to+內容 smtp.quit() print('發送郵件成功') """ sender = 'huipaodexiong@126.com' receiver = 'huipaodexiong@126.com' title = '測試文件' attach_xlsx = 'C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/laohuangli-testcase1.xlsx' attach_jpg = 'C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/接口測試框架.jpg' mail = SendMail() mail.send_mail(sender,receiver,title,attach_xlsx,attach_jpg) """
5\主文件入口
調用遍歷case類,並傳遞相關參數(case文件,report文件)
調用發送郵件的類,並傳遞相關參數(發件人,收件人,主題,附件)
#! /usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 import sys sys.path.append("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/接口自動化測試/src") from readCase import ReadCase sys.path.append("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/接口自動化測試/common") from sendMail import SendMail path1 = "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/接口自動化測試/case/laohuangli-testcase.xlsx" path2 = "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/接口自動化測試/report/laohuangli-testreport.xlsx" rc = ReadCase() rc.get_case(path1,path2) sender = 'huipaodexiong@126.com' receiver = 'huipaodexiong@126.com' title = '測試文件' attach_jpg = 'C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/接口自動化測試/report/接口測試流程圖.jpg' mail = SendMail() mail.send_mail(sender,receiver,title,path2,attach_jpg) print("成功")
6\日志類,關鍵地方打印日志
接口判斷,調用請求,請求結果\....等等一些重要地方打印日志
#! /usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 import logging import os #實現,讓日志信息既在控制台,也在指定路徑的文件中輸出 #日志級別等級 CRITICAL > ERROR > WARNING > INFO > DEBUG class Log(): def __init__(self,log_file): #創建一個logger,頂級的根目錄getlogger,有兩個分支,一個是FileHander,一個是StreamHandler self.logger = logging.getLogger('mylogger') self.logger.setLevel(logging.INFO) #創建一個handler,將log寫入文件 fh = logging.FileHandler(log_file,mode = 'w') fh.setLevel(logging.INFO) #再創建一個handler,將log輸出到控制台 ch = logging.StreamHandler() ch.setLevel(logging.INFO) #設置輸出格式 log_format = "%(asctime)s %(filename)s [line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s: %(message)s" #把格式添加進來 formatter = logging.Formatter(log_format) fh.setFormatter(formatter) ch.setFormatter(formatter) #把handler添加到logger里,其實你理解為匯報給大領導即可 self.logger.addHandler(fh) self.logger.addHandler(ch) def info(self,content): self.logger.info(content) def error(self,content): self.logger.error(content) ''' log1 = Log('D:/接口自動化測試/logs/test.log') log1.info("測試") ''' ''' logger.error('下雨了') logger.info('打雷了') logger.debug('收衣服了') '''
簡單的運行結果:
