原文地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/mchina/archive/2012/07/13/2587174.html
1、學習目標
1）掌握交換機基本信息的配置與管理
2）使用windows系統自帶的超級終端軟件配置交換機
3）查看交換機開機過程
2、技術原理
交換機的管理方式基本分為兩種：帶內管理和帶外管理。
- 通過交換機的Console端口管理交換機屬於帶外管理：這種管理方式不占用交換機的網絡端口，第一次配置交換機必須利用Console端口進行配置。
- 通過遠程Telnet、撥號等方式屬於帶內管理
3、交換機命令行模式
主要包括以下幾種模式：
用戶模式 Switch>
特權模式 Switch#
全局配置模式 Switch(config)#
端口模式 Switch(config-if)#
4、實戰操作
4.1 實驗拓撲
4.2 交換機基本配置
# 交換機啟動過程 C2960 Boot Loader (C2960-HBOOT-M) Version 12.2(25r)FX, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc4) Cisco WS-C2960-24TT (RC32300) processor (revision C0) with 21039K bytes of memory. 2960-24TT starting... Base ethernet MAC Address: 00E0.F757.D7EA Xmodem file system is available. Initializing Flash... flashfs[0]: 1 files, 0 directories flashfs[0]: 0 orphaned files, 0 orphaned directories flashfs[0]: Total bytes: 64016384 flashfs[0]: Bytes used: 4414921 flashfs[0]: Bytes available: 59601463 flashfs[0]: flashfs fsck took 1 seconds. ...done Initializing Flash. Boot Sector Filesystem (bs:) installed, fsid: 3 Parameter Block Filesystem (pb:) installed, fsid: 4 Loading "flash:/c2960-lanbase-mz.122-25.FX.bin"... ########################################################################## [OK] Restricted Rights Legend Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph (c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013. cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, California 95134-1706 Cisco IOS Software, C2960 Software (C2960-LANBASE-M), Version 12.2(25)FX, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Copyright (c) 1986-2005 by Cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Wed 12-Oct-05 22:05 by pt_team Image text-base: 0x80008098, data-base: 0x814129C4 Cisco WS-C2960-24TT (RC32300) processor (revision C0) with 21039K bytes of memory. 24 FastEthernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s) 2 Gigabit Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s) 63488K bytes of flash-simulated non-volatile configuration memory. Base ethernet MAC Address : 00E0.F757.D7EA Motherboard assembly number : 73-9832-06 Power supply part number : 341-0097-02 Motherboard serial number : FOC103248MJ Power supply serial number : DCA102133JA Model revision number : B0 Motherboard revision number : C0 Model number : WS-C2960-24TT System serial number : FOC1033Z1EY Top Assembly Part Number : 800-26671-02 Top Assembly Revision Number : B0 Version ID : V02 CLEI Code Number : COM3K00BRA Hardware Board Revision Number : 0x01 Switch Ports Model SW Version SW Image ------ ----- ----- ---------- ---------- * 1 26 WS-C2960-24TT 12.2 C2960-LANBASE-M Cisco IOS Software, C2960 Software (C2960-LANBASE-M), Version 12.2(25)FX, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Copyright (c) 1986-2005 by Cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Wed 12-Oct-05 22:05 by pt_team Press RETURN to get started! Switch>
Switch>enable # 進入特權模式 Switch#conf t # 進入全局配置模式 Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1 # 進入交換機端口視圖模式 Switch(config-if)#speed ? # 配置交換機端口速度 10 Force 10 Mbps operation 100 Force 100 Mbps operation auto Enable AUTO speed configuration Switch(config-if)#speed 100 Switch(config-if)#duplex ? # 配置交換機端口雙工模式 auto Enable AUTO duplex configuration full Force full duplex operation half Force half-duplex operation Switch(config-if)#duplex full Switch(config-if)#exit # 退回到上一級模式 Switch(config)#end # 直接退回到特權模式 Switch# %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console Switch#show version # 查看交換機信息 Cisco IOS Software, C2960 Software (C2960-LANBASE-M), Version 12.2(25)FX, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Copyright (c) 1986-2005 by Cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Wed 12-Oct-05 22:05 by pt_team ROM: C2960 Boot Loader (C2960-HBOOT-M) Version 12.2(25r)FX, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc4) System returned to ROM by power-on Cisco WS-C2960-24TT (RC32300) processor (revision C0) with 21039K bytes of memory. 24 FastEthernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s) 2 Gigabit Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s) 63488K bytes of flash-simulated non-volatile configuration memory. Base ethernet MAC Address : 00E0.F757.D7EA Motherboard assembly number : 73-9832-06 Power supply part number : 341-0097-02 Motherboard serial number : FOC103248MJ Power supply serial number : DCA102133JA Model revision number : B0 Motherboard revision number : C0 Model number : WS-C2960-24TT System serial number : FOC1033Z1EY Top Assembly Part Number : 800-26671-02 Top Assembly Revision Number : B0 Version ID : V02 CLEI Code Number : COM3K00BRA Hardware Board Revision Number : 0x01 Switch Ports Model SW Version SW Image ------ ----- ----- ---------- ---------- * 1 26 WS-C2960-24TT 12.2 C2960-LANBASE-M Configuration register is 0xF Switch#show running-config # 查看當前生效的配置信息 Building configuration... Current configuration : 1033 bytes ! version 12.2 no service timestamps log datetime msec no service timestamps debug datetime msec no service password-encryption ! hostname Switch ! ! ! interface FastEthernet0/1 duplex full speed 100 ! interface FastEthernet0/2 ! interface FastEthernet0/3 ! interface FastEthernet0/4 ! interface FastEthernet0/5 ! interface FastEthernet0/6 ! interface FastEthernet0/7 ! interface FastEthernet0/8 ! interface FastEthernet0/9 ! interface FastEthernet0/10 ! interface FastEthernet0/11 ! interface FastEthernet0/12 ! interface FastEthernet0/13 ! interface FastEthernet0/14 ! interface FastEthernet0/15 ! interface FastEthernet0/16 ! interface FastEthernet0/17 ! interface FastEthernet0/18 ! interface FastEthernet0/19 ! interface FastEthernet0/20 ! interface FastEthernet0/21 ! interface FastEthernet0/22 ! interface FastEthernet0/23 ! interface FastEthernet0/24 ! interface GigabitEthernet1/1 ! interface GigabitEthernet1/2 ! interface Vlan1 no ip address shutdown ! ! line con 0 ! line vty 0 4 login line vty 5 15 login ! ! end Switch#? # 獲取幫助信息 Exec commands: <1-99> Session number to resume clear Reset functions clock Manage the system clock configure Enter configuration mode connect Open a terminal connection copy Copy from one file to another debug Debugging functions (see also 'undebug') delete Delete a file dir List files on a filesystem disable Turn off privileged commands disconnect Disconnect an existing network connection enable Turn on privileged commands erase Erase a filesystem exit Exit from the EXEC logout Exit from the EXEC more Display the contents of a file no Disable debugging informations ping Send echo messages reload Halt and perform a cold restart resume Resume an active network connection setup Run the SETUP command facility show Show running system information telnet Open a telnet connection terminal Set terminal line parameters traceroute Trace route to destination undebug Disable debugging functions (see also 'debug') vlan Configure VLAN parameters write Write running configuration to memory, network, or terminal Switch#copy ? flash: Copy from flash: file system running-config Copy from current system configuration startup-config Copy from startup configuration tftp: Copy from tftp: file system