scrapy-splash抓取動態數據例子二

　　一、介紹

　　　　本例子用scrapy-splash抓取一點資訊網站給定關鍵字抓取咨詢信息。

　　　　給定關鍵字：打通；融合；電視

　　　　抓取信息內如下：

　　　　　　1、資訊標題

　　　　　　2、資訊鏈接

　　　　　　3、資訊時間

　　　　　　4、資訊來源

　　二、網站信息

　　　　

　　　　

　　　　

　　三、數據抓取

　　　　針對上面的網站信息，來進行抓取

　　　　1、首先抓取信息列表，由於信息列表的class值有“item doc style-small-image style-content-middle” 和“item doc style-multi-image”兩種情況，所以用contains包含item doc style-的語法來抓

　　　　　　抓取代碼：sels = site.xpath('//a[contains(@class,"item doc style-")]')

　　　　2、抓取標題

　　　　　　抓取代碼：titles = sel.xpath('.//div[@class="doc-title"]/text()')

　　　　3、抓取鏈接

　　　　　　抓取代碼：it['url'] = 'http://www.yidianzixun.com' + sel.xpath('.//@href')[0].extract()

　　　　4、抓取日期

　　　　　　抓取代碼：dates = sel.xpath('.//span[@class="date"]/text()')

　　　　5、抓取來源

　　　　　　抓取代碼：it['source'] = sel.xpath('.//span[@class="source"]/text()')[0].extract()

 　　

　　四、完整代碼

　　　　1、yidianzixunSpider

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
from scrapy import Request
from scrapy.spiders import Spider
from scrapy_splash import SplashRequest
from scrapy_splash import SplashMiddleware
from scrapy.http import Request, HtmlResponse
from scrapy.selector import Selector
from scrapy_splash import SplashRequest
from splash_test.items import SplashTestItem
import IniFile
import sys
import os
import re
import time
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')

# sys.stdout = open('output.txt', 'w')

class yidianzixunSpider(Spider):
    name = 'yidianzixun'

    start_urls = [
        'http://www.yidianzixun.com/channel/w/打通?searchword=打通',
        'http://www.yidianzixun.com/channel/w/融合?searchword=融合',
        'http://www.yidianzixun.com/channel/w/電視?searchword=電視'
    ]

    # request需要封裝成SplashRequest
    def start_requests(self):
        for url in self.start_urls:
            print url
            index = url.rfind('=')
            yield SplashRequest(url
                                , self.parse
                                , args={'wait': '2'},
                                meta={'keyword': url[index + 1:]}
                                )

    def date_isValid(self, strDateText):
        '''
        判斷日期時間字符串是否合法：如果給定時間大於當前時間是合法，或者說當前時間給定的范圍內
        :param strDateText: 四種格式 '2小時前'; '2天前' ; '昨天' ;'2017.2.12 '
        :return: True:合法；False:不合法
        '''
        currentDate = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
        if strDateText.find('分鍾前') > 0 or strDateText.find('剛剛') > -1:
            return True, currentDate
        elif strDateText.find('小時前') > 0:
            datePattern = re.compile(r'\d{1,2}')
            ch = int(time.strftime('%H'))  # 當前小時數
            strDate = re.findall(datePattern, strDateText)
            if len(strDate) == 1:
                if int(strDate[0]) <= ch:  # 只有小於當前小時數，才認為是今天
                    return True, currentDate
        return False, ''

    def parse(self, response):
        site = Selector(response)
        keyword = response.meta['keyword']
        it_list = []
        sels = site.xpath('//a[contains(@class,"item doc style-")]')
        for sel in sels:
            dates = sel.xpath('.//span[@class="date"]/text()')
            if len(dates) > 0:
                flag, date = self.date_isValid(dates[0].extract())
                if flag:
                    titles = sel.xpath('.//div[@class="doc-title"]/text()')
                    if len(titles) > 0:
                        title = str(titles[0].extract())
                        if title.find(keyword) > -1:
                            it = SplashTestItem()
                            it['title'] = title
                            it['url'] = 'http://www.yidianzixun.com' + sel.xpath('.//@href')[0].extract()
                            it['date'] = date
                            it['keyword'] = keyword
                            it['source'] = sel.xpath('.//span[@class="source"]/text()')[0].extract()
                            it_list.append(it)
        if len(it_list) > 0:
            return it_list

　　　　2、SplashTestItem

import scrapy

class SplashTestItem(scrapy.Item):
    #標題
    title = scrapy.Field()
    #日期
    date = scrapy.Field()
    #鏈接
    url = scrapy.Field()
    #關鍵字
    keyword  = scrapy.Field()
    #來源網站
    source =  scrapy.Field()

　　3、SplashTestPipeline

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
import codecs
import json

class SplashTestPipeline(object):
    def __init__(self):
        # self.file = open('data.json', 'wb')
        self.file = codecs.open(
            'spider.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8')
        # self.file = codecs.open(
        #     'spider.json', 'w', encoding='utf-8')

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        line = json.dumps(dict(item), ensure_ascii=False) + "\n"
        self.file.write(line)
        return item

    def spider_closed(self, spider):
        self.file.close()

　　　　4、settings.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Scrapy settings for splash_test project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
        'splash_test.pipelines.SplashTestPipeline':300
        }
BOT_NAME = 'splash_test'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['splash_test.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'splash_test.spiders'

SPLASH_URL = 'http://192.168.99.100:8050'
# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
#USER_AGENT = 'splash_test (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'

# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
    'scrapy_splash.SplashCookiesMiddleware': 723,
    'scrapy_splash.SplashMiddleware': 725,
    'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware': 810,
}
SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
    'scrapy_splash.SplashDeduplicateArgsMiddleware': 100,
}
DUPEFILTER_CLASS = 'scrapy_splash.SplashAwareDupeFilter'
HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy_splash.SplashAwareFSCacheStorage'
# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
#DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:
#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
#   'Accept-Language': 'en',
#}

# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'splash_test.middlewares.SplashTestSpiderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'splash_test.middlewares.MyCustomDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable extensions
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}

# Configure item pipelines
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
#ITEM_PIPELINES = {
#    'splash_test.pipelines.SplashTestPipeline': 300,
#}

# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'