spring service層單元測試

service層測試較簡單，目前大多數測試主要是針對public方法進行的。依據測試方法划分，可以分為兩種：基於mock的隔離測試和基於dbunit的普通測試。

mock隔離測試

配置pom.xml

<dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.12</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
    <artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
    <version>1.10.19</version>
</dependency>

測試原理

隔離測試主要通過@Mock和@InjectMocks兩個注解來實現模擬與被模擬。

@Mock：模擬出一個Mock對象，對象是空的，需要指明對象調用什么方法，傳入什么參數時，返回什么值
@InjectMocks：依賴@Mock對象的類，也即是被測試的類。@Mock出的對象會被注入到@InjectMocks對象中

測試示例

被測類及方法

import com.agoura.agoura.entity.Members;
import com.agoura.agoura.mapper.MembersMapper;
import com.agoura.agoura.service.MembersService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class MembersServiceImpl implements MembersService {

    @Autowired
    private MembersMapper membersMapper;

    @Override
    public Members getMemberById(int id) {
        return membersMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(id);
    }
}

測試類及方法

import com.agoura.agoura.entity.Members;
import com.agoura.agoura.mapper.MembersMapper;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath*:spring-mybatis.xml"})
public class MembersServiceTest {

    @Mock
    private MembersMapper membersMapper;

    @InjectMocks
    private MembersServiceImpl membersService;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetMembersById() {
        Members m = new Members(3, "wangwu", 1, 5, "12131232342");
        when(membersMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(3)).thenReturn(m);
        Members result = membersService.getMemberById(3);
        System.out.println(result);
        assertEquals(m, result);

        when(membersMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(Mockito.anyInt())).thenReturn(m);
        result = membersService.getMemberById(3);
        System.out.println(result);
        assertEquals(m, result);
    }
}

測試結果

基於dbunit普通測試

unitils-dbunit測試直接模擬底層數據庫中存儲的內容，對service層進行測試的時候會直接連同DAO層一起測試。具體測試方法可以參考基於dbunit進行mybatis DAO層Excel單元測試