spring service層單元測試

service層測試較簡單，目前大多數測試主要是針對public方法進行的。依據測試方法划分，可以分為兩種：基於mock的隔離測試和基於dbunit的普通測試。

mock隔離測試

配置pom.xml

<dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
 <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
 <artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
 <version>1.10.19</version>
 </dependency>

測試原理

隔離測試主要通過@Mock和@InjectMocks兩個注解來實現模擬與被模擬。

@Mock：模擬出一個Mock對象，對象是空的，需要指明對象調用什么方法，傳入什么參數時，返回什么值
@InjectMocks：依賴@Mock對象的類，也即是被測試的類。@Mock出的對象會被注入到@InjectMocks對象中

測試示例

被測類及方法

import com.agoura.agoura.entity.Members;
import com.agoura.agoura.mapper.MembersMapper;
import com.agoura.agoura.service.MembersService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
 public class MembersServiceImpl implements MembersService {
@<span class="hljs-keyword">Autowired</span>
private MembersMapper membersMapper;

@<span class="hljs-keyword">Override</span>
public Members getMemberById(int id) {
    <span class="hljs-selector-tag">return</span> <span class="hljs-selector-tag">membersMapper</span><span class="hljs-selector-class">.selectByPrimaryKey</span>(<span class="hljs-selector-tag">id</span>);
}

}

測試類及方法

import com.agoura.agoura.entity.Members;
import com.agoura.agoura.mapper.MembersMapper;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
 @ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath*:spring-mybatis.xml"})
 public class MembersServiceTest {
@<span class="hljs-type">Mock</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-type">MembersMapper</span> membersMapper;

@<span class="hljs-type">InjectMocks</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">private</span> <span class="hljs-type">MembersServiceImpl</span> membersService;

@<span class="hljs-type">Before</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> void setUp() <span class="hljs-keyword">throws</span> <span class="hljs-type">Exception</span> {
    <span class="hljs-type">MockitoAnnotations</span>.initMocks(this);
}

@<span class="hljs-type">Test</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> void testGetMembersById() {
    <span class="hljs-type">Members</span> m = new <span class="hljs-type">Members</span>(<span class="hljs-number">3</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"wangwu"</span>, <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number">5</span>, <span class="hljs-string">"12131232342"</span>);
    when(membersMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(<span class="hljs-number">3</span>)).thenReturn(m);
    <span class="hljs-type">Members</span> result = membersService.getMemberById(<span class="hljs-number">3</span>);
    <span class="hljs-type">System</span>.out.<span class="hljs-built_in">println</span>(result);
    assertEquals(m, result);

    when(membersMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(<span class="hljs-type">Mockito</span>.anyInt())).thenReturn(m);
    result = membersService.getMemberById(<span class="hljs-number">3</span>);
    <span class="hljs-type">System</span>.out.<span class="hljs-built_in">println</span>(result);
    assertEquals(m, result);
}

}

測試結果

基於dbunit普通測試

unitils-dbunit測試直接模擬底層數據庫中存儲的內容，對service層進行測試的時候會直接連同DAO層一起測試。具體測試方法可以參考基於dbunit進行mybatis DAO層Excel單元測試