[Android L]關於Android L的Service啟動問題

一 問題描寫敘述

Android L[Android5.X.X] 版本號通過Intent隱式啟動service時將會報出下面錯誤：

AndroidRuntime(  792): java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Service Intent must be explicit

【聲明】歡迎轉載，但請保留文章原始出處：http://blog.csdn.net/yelangjueqi/article/details/46754581

具體信息：

01-02 07:52:44.736 D/PowerManagerService/SmartStandby(  792): sendDetectFaceIntent:com.wtk.smart.standby.DETECT_FACE_ACTION
01-02 07:52:44.738 W/ContextImpl(  792): Calling a method in the system process without a qualified user: android.app.ContextImpl.startService:1813 com.android.server.power.PowerManagerService.sendDetectFaceIntent:4155 com.android.server.power.PowerManagerService.handleDetectFaceCase:4137 com.android.server.power.PowerManagerService.access$4400:100 com.android.server.power.PowerManagerService$PowerManagerHandler.handleMessage:3306
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792): *** FATAL EXCEPTION IN SYSTEM PROCESS: PowerManagerService
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792): java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Service Intent must be explicit: Intent { act=com.wtk.smart.standby.DETECT_FACE_ACTION (has extras) }
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at android.app.ContextImpl.validateServiceIntent(ContextImpl.java:1801)
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at android.app.ContextImpl.startServiceCommon(ContextImpl.java:1830)
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at android.app.ContextImpl.startService(ContextImpl.java:1814)
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at com.android.server.power.PowerManagerService.sendDetectFaceIntent(PowerManagerService.java:4155)
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at com.android.server.power.PowerManagerService.handleDetectFaceCase(PowerManagerService.java:4137)
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at com.android.server.power.PowerManagerService.access$4400(PowerManagerService.java:100)
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at com.android.server.power.PowerManagerService$PowerManagerHandler.handleMessage(PowerManagerService.java:3306)
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:111)
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:194)
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at android.os.HandlerThread.run(HandlerThread.java:61)
01-02 07:52:44.744 E/AndroidRuntime(  792):  at com.android.server.ServiceThread.run(ServiceThread.java:46)
01-02 07:52:44.752 V/SettingsProvider(  792): call(global:dropbox:system_server_crash) for 0
01-02 07:52:44.753 D/SettingsProvider(  792): lookupValue table global cache.fullyMatchesDisk() dropbox:system_server_crash
01-02 07:52:44.757 V/SettingsProvider(  792): call(global:logcat_for_system_server_crash) for 0
01-02 07:52:44.757 D/SettingsProvider(  792): lookupValue table global cache.fullyMatchesDisk() logcat_for_system_server_crash

二 問題分析

A . 定位問題點

sdk\sources\android-21\android\app\ContextImpl.java

class ContextImpl extends Context {
 ......
    private void validateServiceIntent(Intent service) {
        if (service.getComponent() == null && service.getPackage() == null) {
            if (getApplicationInfo().targetSdkVersion >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
                IllegalArgumentException ex = new IllegalArgumentException(
                        "Service Intent must be explicit: " + service);
                throw ex;
            } else {
                Log.w(TAG, "Implicit intents with startService are not safe: " + service
                        + " " + Debug.getCallers(2, 3));
            }
        }
    }
 ......
}

B .分析過程

上面源代碼中藍色加粗部分：service.getComponent() == null && service.getPackage() == null

表明通過intent啟動service時， 須要指定Intent的ComponentName信息：intent.setComponent(xxx)，或指定Intent的setPackage("包名")，假設兩者都沒有指定的話將會報以上錯誤。尤其在framework層啟動APP層的service時。假設是隱式啟動service，可能會導致系統進程掛掉。出現不斷重新啟動的現象。

 

三 解決方法

參考一

    Intent intent = new Intent();
    ComponentName componentName = new ComponentName(pkgName,serviceName);
    intent.setComponent(componentName);
    context.startService(intent);

參考二

Intent mIntent = new Intent();
mIntent.setAction("XXX.XXX.XXX");//Service可以匹配的Action
mIntent.setPackage(pkgName);//應用的包名
context.startService(mIntent);

四 延伸官網

Binding to a Service
The Context.bindService() method now requires an explicit Intent, and throws an exception if given an implicit intent. To ensure your app is secure, use an explicit intent when starting or binding your Service, and do not declare intent filters for the service.
也就是說。在5.0以后不同意使用隱式Intent方式來啟動Service