RIP配置詳解

本文轉載自查看原文 2017-04-13 01:08 7469 H3CSE進階之路

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　RIP配置詳解

一.RIP協議概述

1.RIP是Routing Information Protocol(路由信息協議)的簡稱；

2.RIP是一種基於距離矢量(Distance-Vector)算法的路由協議；

3.RIP協議適用與中小型網絡，分為RIPv1和RIPv2；

4.RIP支持水平分割，毒性逆轉和出發更新等工作機制，防止路由環路；

5.RIP協議基於UDP傳輸，端口號是520.

二.RIP工作原理

1.RIP路由表的初始化

2.RIP路由表的更新

3.路由表的維護

RIP路由信息維護是由定時器完成的：

update定時器：定義了發送路由更新的時間間隔 30s

timeout定時器：定義了路由老化時間，如果在老化時間內沒有收到關於某條路由的更新報文，則該條路由的度量值會被設置的無窮大（16），並且從IP路由表中撤銷，定時器默認值是180s.

Garbage-Collect定時器：定義了一條路由從度量值變為16開始，直到它從路由表里面被徹底刪除所經過的時間，如果Garbage-Collect超時，該路由仍沒有得到更新，則該路由將被車墊刪除，默認值是120s.

總結：RIP路由如果沒有更新，300s后會被徹底刪除，180s內如果沒有更新，丟到回收站，180-300內還沒有更新，徹底刪除。

4.拓撲變化在網絡中的擴散

三.RIP的防環路機制

1.路由毒化

　　所謂網絡毒化（route poisoning）就是路由器主動把路由表中發生故障的路由項以度量值無窮大（16）的形式通告給RIP鄰居，以使鄰居能夠及時得知網絡發生故障。

　　比如：當與RTC相連接的路由器10.4.0.0網絡發生故障，他就會告訴他最近的路由器說這這個網段不好使了，並將其設置為毒性路由，RTB也會告知他與它相近的路由器RTA,最終大家都知道后會將10.4.0.0網段的標記為“inf”，最終將刪除這條路由。

2.水平分割

　　路由器從某個接口學到的路由不會將來路由發送給發給他的路由器，比如說RTB開始僅僅只有10.2.0.0和10.3.0.0網段，通過RIP協議從S0/0口學習到了10.1.0.0的路由，他就把送S0/0口學到的10.1.0.0的路由發送給RTA，同理，它也可以通過s1/0口學習到10.4.0.0網段的路由，學到后，將路由保存到自己的路由表中，不會講10.4.0.0通過s1/0告知給RTC，但是他會通過s1/0告訴到他學習到的路由和自身的路由，也就是剛剛學習到的10.1.0.0和自身的路由10.2.0.0與10.3.0.0通過s1/0口告知給RTC.

　　總結起來就一句話：路由器中某接口發送出去的路由，不會再從該接口接收。

3.毒性逆轉

　　還是就着上面的例子，RTB開始的路由是10.2.0.0和10.3.0.0，RTB會通過RIP協議學習到相鄰路由中不同網段的路由信息，當RTB學習到RTC的路由信息10.4.0.0網段的時候，當RTB要發送他自己的路由信息時，會自動將之前在s1/0口學習到的10.4.0.0的度量值為16，這就意味着RTB是不可能到達RTC的（RIP最大跳數是16）

　　注意：毒性逆轉可以超越水平分割，不受水平分割的影響。

4.定義最大跳數：

　　默認15跳，16跳不可達，RIP機制本身定義的。

5.抑制時間

　　1>.抑制時間和路由毒化結合使用，能夠在一定程度上避免路由環路產生。

　 2>.抑制時間規定，當一條路由的度量值變為無窮大（16）時，該路由進入抑制狀態。在被抑制狀態，只有來自同一鄰居且度量值小魚無窮大（16）的路由更新才會被路由器接受，取代不可達路由。

timeout:180s

回收站清空時間：120s

　　如下圖：當RTC路由器10.4.0.0網段發生故障的時候，他就會告知RTB說網絡不可達，這個時候RTB就會把RTC發來關於10.4.0.0網段的路由器的度量值變為“inf”，與此同時會產生一個抑制時間，在這個抑制時間內，如果接受到了其他路由（RTA）關於10.4.0.0網段的路由信息，RTB不會去理會他，他會自動忽略RTA關於10.4.0.0網段的路由信息，因為在這個抑制時間內他只會等待RTC的路由更新，如果在這個抑制時間內，接受到關於10.4.0.0的路由的度量值小魚16，那么RTB久會恢復RTB到RTC的路由，將不可達(inf)的cost值【度量值】更新，如果在這個時間內，RTC始終沒有發送10.4.0.0的路由給RTB，那么過來抑制時間就會自動接受其他的路由關於10.4.0.0的路由信息，也就是說，過了抑制時間的話RTA發送路由信息10.4.0.0給RTB時，RTB會接受該信息喲~並更新自己的路由表。

6.觸發更新

　　觸發更新是指，當路由表中路由信息差生變化是，路由器不必等到更新周期到來，而立即發送路由更新給相鄰路由器。路由更新中包含網絡不可達信息迅速傳播全網。讓全網知道該路由信息時不可達的。

多路徑網絡環路避免操作示例

四.RIPv1與RIPv2的介紹

RIPv1的缺點

RIPv2的改進

五.配置RIP實驗

實驗要求：

　　需要配置北京的客戶端能夠訪問菲律賓的服務器，通過RIP協議使其互通。拓撲圖如下：

配置過程如下：

　　注意:由於我用的是ENSP模擬器，這是一款華為的模擬器，所以命令和H3C在配置上是有點區別的，但是在配置RIP中的區別並不大，主要是在宣告自己路由的時候回有點差異，我在配置完畢后會有關於配置H3C設備是應該注意的地方。

“北京核心交換機”配置如下：

1 “北京核心交換機”配置如下：
2 
3 [Huawei]sysname core
4 [core]interface Ethernet 0/0/10
5 [core-Ethernet0/0/10]port link-type trunk 
6 [core-Ethernet0/0/10]quit

“北京網關地址”配置如下：

 1 “北京網關地址”配置如下：
 2 [Huawei]sysname beijing
 3 [beijing]interface Ethernet 0/0/0    
 4 [beijing-Ethernet0/0/0]ip address 172.30.1.254 24
 5 [beijing-Ethernet0/0/0]quit
 6 [beijing]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
 7 [beijing-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 36.110.101.138 24
 8 [beijing-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]undo shutdown 
 9 [beijing-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit 
10 [beijing]display ip routing-table 
11 Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
12 -------------------------------------------------------------
13 
14 -----------------
15 Routing Tables: Public
16          Destinations : 6        Routes : 6        
17 
18 Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop      
19 
20    Interface
21 
22    36.110.101.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   
23 
24 36.110.101.138  GigabitEthernet0/0/0
25  36.110.101.138/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1    
26 
27    GigabitEthernet0/0/0
28       127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1    
29 
30    InLoopBack0
31       127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1    
32 
33    InLoopBack0
34      172.30.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   172.30.1.254 
35 
36    Ethernet0/0/0
37    172.30.1.254/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1    
38 
39    Ethernet0/0/0
40 [beijing]
41 [beijing]display ip interface brief 
42 *down: administratively down
43 !down: FIB overload down
44 ^down: standby
45 (l): loopback
46 (s): spoofing
47 (d): Dampening Suppressed
48 The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 3
49 The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 8
50 The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 3
51 The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 8
52 
53 Interface                         IP Address/Mask      
54 
55 Physical   Protocol  
56 Ethernet0/0/0                     172.30.1.254/24      up     
57 
58     up        
59 Ethernet0/0/1                     unassigned           down   
60 
61     down      
62 GigabitEthernet0/0/0              36.110.101.138/24    up     
63 
64     up        
65 GigabitEthernet0/0/1              unassigned           down   
66 
67     down      
68 GigabitEthernet0/0/2              unassigned           down   
69 
70     down      
71 GigabitEthernet0/0/3              unassigned           down   
72 
73     down      
74 NULL0                             unassigned           up     
75 
76     up(s)     
77 Serial0/0/0                       unassigned           down   
78 
79     down      
80 Serial0/0/1                       unassigned           down   
81 
82     down      
83 Serial0/0/2                       unassigned           down   
84 
85     down      
86 Serial0/0/3                       unassigned           down   
87 
88     down      
89 [beijing]
90 [beijing]rip    #啟動RIP功能
91 [beijing-rip-1]version 2   #指定RIP版本
92 [beijing-rip-1]undo summary  #關閉自動匯總，如果開啟的話，他會默認把一些子網匯聚成一個共同的網絡。
93 [beijing-rip-1]network 172.30.0.0 #宣告所擁有的路由
94 [beijing-rip-1]network 36.0.0.0

“上海骨干網”配置如下：

 1 “上海骨干網”配置如下：
 2 [Huawei]sysname shanghai
 3 [shanghai]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
 4 [shanghai-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 36.110.101.139 24
 5 [shanghai-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]undo shutdown 
 6 [shanghai-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit 
 7 [shanghai]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
 8 [shanghai-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 180.168.255.118 24
 9 [shanghai-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]undo shutdown 
10 [shanghai-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 
11 [shanghai]rip 
12 [shanghai-rip-1]version 2
13 [shanghai-rip-1]undo summary 
14 [shanghai-rip-1]network 36.0.0.0
15 [shanghai-rip-1]network 180.168.0.0
16 [shanghai-rip-1]quit

“香港骨干網”配置如下：

 1 [Huawei]sysname hongkong
 2 [hongkong]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
 3 [hongkong-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 180.168.255.119 24
 4 [hongkong-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]undo shutdown 
 5 [hongkong-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
 6 [hongkong]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
 7 [hongkong-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 202.14.67.4 24
 8 [hongkong-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]undo shutdown
 9 [hongkong-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit 
10 [hongkong]rip 
11 [hongkong-rip-1]version 2
12 [hongkong-rip-1]undo summary 
13 [hongkong-rip-1]network 180.168.0.0
14 [hongkong-rip-1]network 202.14.67.0
15 [hongkong-rip-1]quit

“海南島骨干網”配置如下：

 1 [huawei]sysname hainan
 2 [hainan]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
 3 [hainan-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 202.14.67.5 24
 4 [hainan-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]undo shutdown 
 5 [hainan-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit 
 6 [hainan]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
 7 [hainan-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 221.11.132.21 24
 8 [hainan-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]undo shutdown 
 9 [hainan-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 
10 [hainan]rip 
11 [hainan-rip-1]version 2
12 [hainan-rip-1]undo summary 
13 [hainan-rip-1]network 202.14.67.0
14 [hainan-rip-1]network 221.11.132.0
15 [hainan-rip-1]quit

“菲律賓路由器”配置如下：

 1 [Huawei]sysname feilvbin
 2 [feilvbin]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 3 [feilvbin-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 221.11.132.22 24
 4 [feilvbin-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]undo shutdown 
 5 [feilvbin-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 
 6 [feilvbin]interface Ethernet 0/0/0
 7 [feilvbin-Ethernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.254 24
 8 [feilvbin-Ethernet0/0/0]undo shutdown 
 9 [feilvbin-Ethernet0/0/0]quit 
10 [feilvbin]rip 
11 [feilvbin-rip-1]version 2
12 [feilvbin-rip-1]undo summary 
13 [feilvbin-rip-1]network 221.11.132.0
14 [feilvbin-rip-1]network 192.168.1.0
15 [feilvbin-rip-1]quit

“菲律賓核心交換機”配置如下：
[Huawei]sysname core
[core]interface Ethernet 0/0/10
[core-Ethernet0/0/10]port link-type trunk 
[core-Ethernet0/0/10]quit

注意，在配置RIP的時候華為交換機在宣告自己的地址的時候是宣告該接口的所屬類的地址，換句話說，也就是華為在宣告的時候，宣告的是以其所屬IP類別進行宣告的，比如：

172.30.1.1宣告為172.30.0.0；

192.168.1.1（默認是C類IP）宣告為192.168.1.0；

10.10.10.1（默認是A類IP）宣告為10.0.0.0

但是H3C則不是，H3C直接需要你將每個接口的IP 直接宣告給鄰居路由，比如：

172.30.1.1宣告為：172.30.1.1

192.168.1.1宣告為：192.168.1.1

所以我們配置各個廠商類別的時候要注意喲~

配置好上面的服務之后，我們需要進行測試：

查看北京路由獲取的路由表信息：

 1 <beijing>display ip routing-table
 2 Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
 3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 4 Routing Tables: Public
 5          Destinations : 10       Routes : 10       
 6 
 7 Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface
 8 
 9    36.110.101.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   36.110.101.138  GigabitEthernet0
10 /0/0
11  36.110.101.138/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet0
12 /0/0
13       127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
14       127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
15      172.30.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   172.30.1.254    Ethernet0/0/0
16    172.30.1.254/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Ethernet0/0/0
17   180.168.255.0/24  RIP     100  1           D   36.110.101.139  GigabitEthernet0/0/0
18     192.168.1.0/24  RIP     100  4           D   36.110.101.139  GigabitEthernet0/0/0
19     202.14.67.0/24  RIP     100  2           D   36.110.101.139  GigabitEthernet0/0/0
20    221.11.132.0/24  RIP     100  3           D   36.110.101.139  GigabitEthernet0/0/0
21 <beijing>

“北京客戶端”測試結果如下：

 1 PC>ipconfig
 2 
 3 Link local IPv6 address...........: fe80::5689:98ff:fe4c:1e69
 4 IPv6 address......................: :: / 128
 5 IPv6 gateway......................: ::
 6 IPv4 address......................: 172.30.1.1
 7 Subnet mask.......................: 255.255.255.0
 8 Gateway...........................: 172.30.1.254
 9 Physical address..................: 54-89-98-4C-1E-69
10 DNS server........................:
11 
12 PC>ping 192.168.1.254
13 
14 Ping 192.168.1.254: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
15 From 192.168.1.254: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=251 time=125 ms
16 From 192.168.1.254: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=251 time=110 ms
17 From 192.168.1.254: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=251 time=140 ms
18 From 192.168.1.254: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=251 time=141 ms
19 From 192.168.1.254: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=251 time=109 ms
20 
21 --- 192.168.1.254 ping statistics ---
22   5 packet(s) transmitted
23   5 packet(s) received
24   0.00% packet loss
25   round-trip min/avg/max = 109/125/141 ms
26 
27 PC>ping 192.168.1.1
28 
29 Ping 192.168.1.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
30 From 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=123 time=156 ms
31 From 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=123 time=156 ms
32 From 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=123 time=156 ms
33 From 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=123 time=125 ms
34 From 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=123 time=141 ms
35 
36 --- 192.168.1.1 ping statistics ---
37   5 packet(s) transmitted
38   5 packet(s) received
39   0.00% packet loss
40   round-trip min/avg/max = 125/146/156 ms
41 
42 PC>

六.RIP防環實戰演示

1.開啟水平分割

接口默認是開啟水平分割的，我們直接查看即可：

<beijing>terminal debugging #開啟調試模式

<beijing>debugging rip 1 packet #觀察RIP更新的詳細信息

需要等待幾秒張就會有包的接受和發送的信息：

  1 <beijing>
  2 Apr 14 2017 12:53:38.260.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12236: RIP 1: Receive resp
  3 onse from 36.110.101.139 on GigabitEthernet0/0/0
  4 Apr 14 2017 12:53:38.260.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
  5 Cmd response, Length 84
  6 Apr 14 2017 12:53:38.260.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
  7 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
  8 Apr 14 2017 12:53:38.260.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
  9 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 4, Tag 0
 10 Apr 14 2017 12:53:38.260.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
 11 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
 12 Apr 14 2017 12:53:38.260.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
 13 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
 14 Apr 14 2017 12:53:40.320.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending resp
 15 onse on interface Ethernet0/0/0 from 172.30.1.254 to 224.0.0.9
 16 Apr 14 2017 12:53:40.320.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
 17 Cmd response, Length 124
 18 Apr 14 2017 12:53:40.320.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 36.110.101.0/2
 19 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
 20 Apr 14 2017 12:53:40.320.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24,
 21  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
 22 Apr 14 2017 12:53:40.320.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
 23 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
 24 Apr 14 2017 12:53:40.320.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
 25 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 5, Tag 0
 26 Apr 14 2017 12:53:40.320.7-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
 27 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
 28 Apr 14 2017 12:53:40.320.8-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
 29 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 4, Tag 0
 30 Apr 14 2017 12:53:42.280.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending resp
 31 onse on interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 from 36.110.101.138 to 224.0.0.9
 32 Apr 14 2017 12:53:42.280.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
 33 Cmd response, Length 24
 34 Apr 14 2017 12:53:42.280.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24,
 35  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
 36 Apr 14 2017 12:54:09.450.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12236: RIP 1: Receive resp
 37 onse from 36.110.101.139 on GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 38 Apr 14 2017 12:54:09.450.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
 39 Cmd response, Length 84
 40 Apr 14 2017 12:54:09.450.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
 41 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
 42 Apr 14 2017 12:54:09.450.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
 43 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 4, Tag 0
 44 Apr 14 2017 12:54:09.450.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
 45 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
 46 Apr 14 2017 12:54:09.450.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
 47 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
 48 Apr 14 2017 12:54:10.400.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending resp
 49 onse on interface Ethernet0/0/0 from 172.30.1.254 to 224.0.0.9
 50 Apr 14 2017 12:54:10.400.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
 51 Cmd response, Length 124
 52 Apr 14 2017 12:54:10.400.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 36.110.101.0/2
 53 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
 54 Apr 14 2017 12:54:10.400.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24,
 55  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
 56 Apr 14 2017 12:54:10.400.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
 57 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
 58 Apr 14 2017 12:54:10.400.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
 59 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 5, Tag 0
 60 Apr 14 2017 12:54:10.400.7-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
 61 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
 62 Apr 14 2017 12:54:10.400.8-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
 63 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 4, Tag 0
 64 Apr 14 2017 12:54:16.400.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending resp
 65 onse on interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 from 36.110.101.138 to 224.0.0.9
 66 Apr 14 2017 12:54:16.400.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
 67 Cmd response, Length 24
 68 Apr 14 2017 12:54:16.400.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24,
 69  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
 70 Apr 14 2017 12:54:38.560.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12236: RIP 1: Receive resp
 71 onse from 36.110.101.139 on GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 72 Apr 14 2017 12:54:38.560.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
 73 Cmd response, Length 84
 74 Apr 14 2017 12:54:38.560.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
 75 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
 76 Apr 14 2017 12:54:38.560.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
 77 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 4, Tag 0
 78 Apr 14 2017 12:54:38.560.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
 79 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
 80 Apr 14 2017 12:54:38.560.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
 81 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
 82 Apr 14 2017 12:54:43.540.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending resp
 83 onse on interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 from 36.110.101.138 to 224.0.0.9
 84 Apr 14 2017 12:54:43.540.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
 85 Cmd response, Length 24
 86 Apr 14 2017 12:54:43.540.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24,
 87  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
 88 Apr 14 2017 12:54:45.510.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending resp
 89 onse on interface Ethernet0/0/0 from 172.30.1.254 to 224.0.0.9
 90 Apr 14 2017 12:54:45.510.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
 91 Cmd response, Length 124
 92 Apr 14 2017 12:54:45.510.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 36.110.101.0/2
 93 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
 94 Apr 14 2017 12:54:45.510.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24,
 95  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
 96 Apr 14 2017 12:54:45.510.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
 97 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
 98 Apr 14 2017 12:54:45.510.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
 99 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 5, Tag 0
100 Apr 14 2017 12:54:45.510.7-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
101 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
102 Apr 14 2017 12:54:45.510.8-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2

輸出的調試信息

如果你要關閉水平分割的話：

[beijing]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[beijing-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]undo rip split-horizon

 1 <beijing>terminal debugging 
 2 Info: Current terminal debugging is on.
 3 <beijing>debugging rip 1 packet 
 4 <beijing>
 5 Apr 14 2017 13:00:08.570.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending resp
 6 onse on interface Ethernet0/0/0 from 172.30.1.254 to 224.0.0.9
 7 Apr 14 2017 13:00:08.570.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
 8 Cmd response, Length 124
 9 Apr 14 2017 13:00:08.570.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 36.110.101.0/2
10 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
11 Apr 14 2017 13:00:08.570.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24,
12  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
13 Apr 14 2017 13:00:08.570.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
14 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
15 Apr 14 2017 13:00:08.570.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
16 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 5, Tag 0
17 Apr 14 2017 13:00:08.570.7-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
18 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
19 Apr 14 2017 13:00:08.570.8-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
20 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 4, Tag 0
21 Apr 14 2017 13:00:12.810.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12236: RIP 1: Receive resp
22 onse from 36.110.101.139 on GigabitEthernet0/0/0
23 Apr 14 2017 13:00:12.810.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
24 Cmd response, Length 84
25 Apr 14 2017 13:00:12.810.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
26 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
27 Apr 14 2017 13:00:12.810.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
28 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 4, Tag 0
29 Apr 14 2017 13:00:12.810.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
30 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
31 Apr 14 2017 13:00:12.810.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
32 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
33 Apr 14 2017 13:00:29.650.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending resp
34 onse on interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 from 36.110.101.138 to 224.0.0.9
35 Apr 14 2017 13:00:29.650.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
36 Cmd response, Length 124
37 Apr 14 2017 13:00:29.650.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 36.110.101.0/2
38 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
39 Apr 14 2017 13:00:29.650.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24,
40  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
41 Apr 14 2017 13:00:29.650.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
42 24, Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 2, Tag 0
43 Apr 14 2017 13:00:29.650.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
44 , Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 5, Tag 0
45 Apr 14 2017 13:00:29.650.7-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
46 , Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 3, Tag 0
47 Apr 14 2017 13:00:29.650.8-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
48 4, Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 4, Tag 0
49 Apr 14 2017 13:00:40.700.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending resp
50 onse on interface Ethernet0/0/0 from 172.30.1.254 to 224.0.0.9
51 Apr 14 2017 13:00:40.700.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
52 Cmd response, Length 124
53 Apr 14 2017 13:00:40.700.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 36.110.101.0/2
54 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
55 Apr 14 2017 13:00:40.700.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24,
56  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
57 Apr 14 2017 13:00:40.700.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
58 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
59 Apr 14 2017 13:00:40.700.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
60 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 5, Tag 0
61 Apr 14 2017 13:00:40.700.7-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
62 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
63 Apr 14 2017 13:00:40.700.8-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
64 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 4, Tag 0
65 Apr 14 2017 13:00:43.850.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12236: RIP 1: Receive resp
66 onse from 36.110.101.139 on GigabitEthernet0/0/0
67 Apr 14 2017 13:00:43.850.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
68 Cmd response, Length 84
69 Apr 14 2017 13:00:43.850.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
70 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
71 Apr 14 2017 13:00:43.850.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
72 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 4, Tag 0
73 Apr 14 2017 13:00:43.850.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
74 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
75 Apr 14 2017 13:00:43.850.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
76 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0

關閉后的水平分割

　　對比2個日志，我們發現開啟的水平分割很少不會經常往外放松信息，但是關閉了水平分割就會一直往外發送自己活得的路由信息，這里我們就要結合水平分割的原理來理解了。

2.接口上開啟毒性逆轉

[beijing]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[beijing-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip poison-reverse

[beijing]quit

<beijing>terminal debugging

<beijing>debugging rip 1 packet

  1 <beijing>
  2 Apr 14 2017 13:42:05.350.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending resp
  3 onse on interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 from 36.110.101.138 to 224.0.0.9
  4 Apr 14 2017 13:42:05.350.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
  5 Cmd response, Length 124
  6 Apr 14 2017 13:42:05.350.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 36.110.101.0/2
  7 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 16, Tag 0
  8 Apr 14 2017 13:42:05.350.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24,
  9  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
 10 Apr 14 2017 13:42:05.350.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
 11 24, Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 16, Tag 0
 12 Apr 14 2017 13:42:05.350.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
 13 , Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 16, Tag 0
 14 Apr 14 2017 13:42:05.350.7-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
 15 , Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 16, Tag 0
 16 Apr 14 2017 13:42:05.350.8-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
 17 4, Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 16, Tag 0
 18 Apr 14 2017 13:42:13.70.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12236: RIP 1: Receive respo
 19 nse from 36.110.101.139 on GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 20 Apr 14 2017 13:42:13.70.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, C
 21 md response, Length 84
 22 Apr 14 2017 13:42:13.70.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/2
 23 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
 24 Apr 14 2017 13:42:13.70.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24,
 25  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 4, Tag 0
 26 Apr 14 2017 13:42:13.70.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24,
 27  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
 28 Apr 14 2017 13:42:13.70.7-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/24
 29 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
 30 Apr 14 2017 13:42:27.450.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending resp
 31 onse on interface Ethernet0/0/0 from 172.30.1.254 to 224.0.0.9
 32 Apr 14 2017 13:42:27.450.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
 33 Cmd response, Length 124
 34 Apr 14 2017 13:42:27.450.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 36.110.101.0/2
 35 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
 36 Apr 14 2017 13:42:27.450.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24,
 37  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
 38 Apr 14 2017 13:42:27.450.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
 39 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
 40 Apr 14 2017 13:42:27.450.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
 41 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 5, Tag 0
 42 Apr 14 2017 13:42:27.450.7-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
 43 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
 44 Apr 14 2017 13:42:27.450.8-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
 45 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 4, Tag 0
 46 Apr 14 2017 13:42:34.490.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending resp
 47 onse on interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 from 36.110.101.138 to 224.0.0.9
 48 Apr 14 2017 13:42:34.490.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
 49 Cmd response, Length 124
 50 Apr 14 2017 13:42:34.490.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 36.110.101.0/2
 51 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 16, Tag 0
 52 Apr 14 2017 13:42:34.490.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24,
 53  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
 54 Apr 14 2017 13:42:34.490.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
 55 24, Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 16, Tag 0
 56 Apr 14 2017 13:42:34.490.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
 57 , Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 16, Tag 0
 58 Apr 14 2017 13:42:34.490.7-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
 59 , Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 16, Tag 0
 60 Apr 14 2017 13:42:34.490.8-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
 61 4, Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 16, Tag 0
 62 Apr 14 2017 13:42:45.150.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12236: RIP 1: Receive resp
 63 onse from 36.110.101.139 on GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 64 Apr 14 2017 13:42:45.150.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
 65 Cmd response, Length 84
 66 Apr 14 2017 13:42:45.150.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
 67 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
 68 Apr 14 2017 13:42:45.150.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
 69 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 4, Tag 0
 70 Apr 14 2017 13:42:45.150.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
 71 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
 72 Apr 14 2017 13:42:45.150.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
 73 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
 74 Apr 14 2017 13:42:58.620.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending resp
 75 onse on interface Ethernet0/0/0 from 172.30.1.254 to 224.0.0.9
 76 Apr 14 2017 13:42:58.620.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
 77 Cmd response, Length 124
 78 Apr 14 2017 13:42:58.620.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 36.110.101.0/2
 79 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
 80 Apr 14 2017 13:42:58.620.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24,
 81  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
 82 Apr 14 2017 13:42:58.620.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
 83 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
 84 Apr 14 2017 13:42:58.620.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
 85 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 5, Tag 0
 86 Apr 14 2017 13:42:58.620.7-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
 87 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
 88 Apr 14 2017 13:42:58.620.8-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
 89 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 4, Tag 0
 90 Apr 14 2017 13:43:02.620.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending resp
 91 onse on interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 from 36.110.101.138 to 224.0.0.9
 92 Apr 14 2017 13:43:02.620.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
 93 Cmd response, Length 124
 94 Apr 14 2017 13:43:02.620.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 36.110.101.0/2
 95 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 16, Tag 0
 96 Apr 14 2017 13:43:02.620.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24,
 97  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
 98 Apr 14 2017 13:43:02.620.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
 99 24, Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 16, Tag 0
100 Apr 14 2017 13:43:02.620.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
101 , Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 16, Tag 0
102 Apr 14 2017 13:43:02.620.7-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
103 , Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 16, Tag 0
104 Apr 14 2017 13:43:02.620.8-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
105 4, Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 16, Tag 0
106 Apr 14 2017 13:43:10.260.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12236: RIP 1: Receive resp
107 onse from 36.110.101.139 on GigabitEthernet0/0/0
108 Apr 14 2017 13:43:10.260.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
109 Cmd response, Length 84
110 Apr 14 2017 13:43:10.260.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
111 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
112 Apr 14 2017 13:43:10.260.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
113 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 4, Tag 0
114 Apr 14 2017 13:43:10.260.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
115 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
116 Apr 14 2017 13:43:10.260.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
117 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
118 Apr 14 2017 13:43:23.780.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending resp
119 onse on interface Ethernet0/0/0 from 172.30.1.254 to 224.0.0.9
120 Apr 14 2017 13:43:23.780.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
121 Cmd response, Length 124
122 Apr 14 2017 13:43:23.780.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 36.110.101.0/2
123 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
124 Apr 14 2017 13:43:23.780.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24,
125  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
126 Apr 14 2017 13:43:23.780.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
127 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
128 Apr 14 2017 13:43:23.780.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
129 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 5, Tag 0
130 Apr 14 2017 13:43:23.780.7-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
131 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
132 Apr 14 2017 13:43:23.780.8-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
133 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 4, Tag 0
134 Apr 14 2017 13:43:32.820.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending resp
135 onse on interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 from 36.110.101.138 to 224.0.0.9
136 Apr 14 2017 13:43:32.820.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
137 Cmd response, Length 104
138 Apr 14 2017 13:43:32.820.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24,
139  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
140 Apr 14 2017 13:43:32.820.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
141 24, Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 16, Tag 0
142 Apr 14 2017 13:43:32.820.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
143 , Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 16, Tag 0
144 Apr 14 2017 13:43:32.820.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
145 , Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 16, Tag 0
146 Apr 14 2017 13:43:32.820.7-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
147 4, Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 16, Tag 0
148 Apr 14 2017 13:43:36.400.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12236: RIP 1: Receive resp
149 onse from 36.110.101.139 on GigabitEthernet0/0/0
150 Apr 14 2017 13:43:36.400.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
151 Cmd response, Length 84
152 Apr 14 2017 13:43:36.400.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
153 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
154 Apr 14 2017 13:43:36.400.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
155 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 4, Tag 0
156 Apr 14 2017 13:43:36.400.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
157 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
158 Apr 14 2017 13:43:36.400.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
159 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
160 Apr 14 2017 13:43:49.870.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending resp
161 onse on interface Ethernet0/0/0 from 172.30.1.254 to 224.0.0.9
162 Apr 14 2017 13:43:49.870.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
163 Cmd response, Length 124
164 Apr 14 2017 13:43:49.870.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 36.110.101.0/2
165 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
166 Apr 14 2017 13:43:49.870.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24,
167  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
168 Apr 14 2017 13:43:49.870.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
169 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
170 Apr 14 2017 13:43:49.870.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
171 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 5, Tag 0
172 Apr 14 2017 13:43:49.870.7-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
173 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
174 Apr 14 2017 13:43:49.870.8-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
175 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 4, Tag 0
176 Apr 14 2017 13:43:59.930.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending resp
177 onse on interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 from 36.110.101.138 to 224.0.0.9
178 Apr 14 2017 13:43:59.930.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
179 Cmd response, Length 104
180 Apr 14 2017 13:43:59.930.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24,
181  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
182 Apr 14 2017 13:43:59.930.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
183 24, Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 16, Tag 0
184 Apr 14 2017 13:43:59.930.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
185 , Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 16, Tag 0
186 Apr 14 2017 13:43:59.930.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
187 , Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 16, Tag 0
188 Apr 14 2017 13:43:59.930.7-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
189 4, Nexthop 36.110.101.139, Cost 16, Tag 0
190 Apr 14 2017 13:44:06.460.1-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12236: RIP 1: Receive resp
191 onse from 36.110.101.139 on GigabitEthernet0/0/0
192 Apr 14 2017 13:44:06.460.2-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
193 Cmd response, Length 84
194 Apr 14 2017 13:44:06.460.3-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/
195 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
196 Apr 14 2017 13:44:06.460.4-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
197 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 4, Tag 0
198 Apr 14 2017 13:44:06.460.5-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
199 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
200 Apr 14 2017 13:44:06.460.6-08:00 beijing RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
201 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0

開啟毒性逆轉輸出信息

我們可以發現日志中出現了很多的cost為16的日志信息。

3.接口上配置silent-interface （即被動接口）

　　被動接口，如果一個允許了RIP的接口被設置為被動接口，那么該接口只能接收路由更新，但是不發送路由更新。

[shanghai]rip

[shanghai-rip-1]version 2

[shanghai-rip-1]undo summary

[shanghai-rip-1]silent-interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 #將這個端口設置為被動端口

[shanghai-rip-1]quit

[shanghai]quit

<shanghai>terminal debugging

<shanghai>debugging rip 1 packet

<shanghai>debugging rip 1 event

 1 <shanghai>
 2 Apr 14 2017 18:41:54.90.1-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 25: 4379: RIP 1: Periodic tim
 3 er expired for interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 (180.168.255.118) and its added to 
 4 periodic update queue
 5 Apr 14 2017 18:41:54.90.2-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 25: 4707: RIP 1: Interface Gi
 6 gabitEthernet0/0/1 (180.168.255.118) is deleted from the periodic update queue
 7 Apr 14 2017 18:41:54.750.1-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12236: RIP 1: Receive res
 8 ponse from 36.110.101.138 on GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 9 Apr 14 2017 18:41:54.750.2-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2,
10  Cmd response, Length 24
11 Apr 14 2017 18:41:54.750.3-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24
12 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
13 Apr 14 2017 18:41:55.270.1-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending res
14 ponse on interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 from 180.168.255.118 to 224.0.0.9
15 Apr 14 2017 18:41:55.270.2-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2,
16  Cmd response, Length 44
17 Apr 14 2017 18:41:55.270.3-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 36.110.101.0/
18 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
19 Apr 14 2017 18:41:55.270.4-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24
20 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
21 Apr 14 2017 18:41:56.60.1-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12236: RIP 1: Receive resp
22 onse from 180.168.255.119 on GigabitEthernet0/0/1
23 Apr 14 2017 18:41:56.60.2-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, 
24 Cmd response, Length 64
25 Apr 14 2017 18:41:56.60.3-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24
26 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
27 Apr 14 2017 18:41:56.60.4-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24
28 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
29 Apr 14 2017 18:41:56.60.5-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/2
30 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
31 Apr 14 2017 18:42:23.200.1-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 25: 4379: RIP 1: Periodic ti
32 mer expired for interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 (180.168.255.118) and its added to
33  periodic update queue
34 Apr 14 2017 18:42:23.200.2-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 25: 4707: RIP 1: Interface G
35 igabitEthernet0/0/1 (180.168.255.118) is deleted from the periodic update queue
36 Apr 14 2017 18:42:23.920.1-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12236: RIP 1: Receive res
37 ponse from 36.110.101.138 on GigabitEthernet0/0/0
38 Apr 14 2017 18:42:23.920.2-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2,
39  Cmd response, Length 24
40 Apr 14 2017 18:42:23.920.3-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24
41 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
42 Apr 14 2017 18:42:24.140.1-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12236: RIP 1: Receive res
43 ponse from 180.168.255.119 on GigabitEthernet0/0/1
44 Apr 14 2017 18:42:24.140.2-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2,
45  Cmd response, Length 64
46 Apr 14 2017 18:42:24.140.3-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/2
47 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
48 Apr 14 2017 18:42:24.140.4-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/2
49 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
50 Apr 14 2017 18:42:24.140.5-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/
51 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
52 Apr 14 2017 18:42:24.380.1-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending res
53 ponse on interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 from 180.168.255.118 to 224.0.0.9
54 Apr 14 2017 18:42:24.380.2-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2,
55  Cmd response, Length 44
56 Apr 14 2017 18:42:24.380.3-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 36.110.101.0/
57 24, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
58 Apr 14 2017 18:42:24.380.4-08:00 shanghai RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24
59 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0

調試為被動端口后的輸出的信息

我們可以從這個日志中看出只有接收路由沒有發送路由！

六.RIP認證

配置香港的路由和海南的路由進行RIP認證模式。

香港配置如下：

[hongkong]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[hongkong-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip authentication-mode md5 usual yinzhengjie123

海南配置如下：

[hainan]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[hainan-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip authentication-mode md5 usual yinzhengjie123

注意：H3C配置也是這樣的格式配置，知識加密的方式變化了而已，注意配置認證的密碼“yinzhengjie123”在2個即可要配置成一直才可以喲，不然會報錯

 1 <hainan>
 2 Apr 14 2017 18:52:10.250.1-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending respo
 3 nse on interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 from 202.14.67.5 to 224.0.0.9
 4 Apr 14 2017 18:52:10.250.2-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, C
 5 md response, Length 68
 6 Apr 14 2017 18:52:10.250.3-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12407: Authentication-mode 
 7 - MD5 Digest: e7c72b0b.7f7b45b0.93e21a3f.eaee65e1 
 8 Apr 14 2017 18:52:10.250.4-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12439: Sequence: 00000430 
 9 Apr 14 2017 18:52:10.250.5-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24, N
10 exthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
11 Apr 14 2017 18:52:10.250.6-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 221.11.132.0/24, 
12 Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
13 Apr 14 2017 18:52:17.490.1-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12236: RIP 1: Receive respo
14 nse from 202.14.67.4 on GigabitEthernet0/0/0
15 Apr 14 2017 18:52:17.490.2-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, C
16 md response, Length 88
17 Apr 14 2017 18:52:17.490.3-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12407: Authentication-mode 
18 - MD5 Digest: 88e8c82a.cba1f8b4.df15be4b.8957aa3f 
19 Apr 14 2017 18:52:17.490.4-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12439: Sequence: 0000043b 
20 Apr 14 2017 18:52:17.490.5-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 36.110.101.0/24, 
21 Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
22 Apr 14 2017 18:52:17.490.6-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24, Ne
23 xthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
24 Apr 14 2017 18:52:17.490.7-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/24,
25  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
26 Apr 14 2017 18:52:21.270.1-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending respo
27 nse on interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 from 221.11.132.21 to 224.0.0.9
28 Apr 14 2017 18:52:21.270.2-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, C
29 md response, Length 84
30 Apr 14 2017 18:52:21.270.3-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 36.110.101.0/24
31 , Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 3, Tag 0
32 Apr 14 2017 18:52:21.270.4-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 172.30.1.0/24, 
33 Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 4, Tag 0
34 Apr 14 2017 18:52:21.270.5-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 180.168.255.0/2
35 4, Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 2, Tag 0
36 Apr 14 2017 18:52:21.270.6-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 202.14.67.0/24,
37  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
38 Apr 14 2017 18:52:25.860.2-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12236: RIP 1: Receive respo
39 nse from 221.11.132.22 on GigabitEthernet0/0/1
40 Apr 14 2017 18:52:25.860.3-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, C
41 md response, Length 24
42 Apr 14 2017 18:52:25.860.4-08:00 hainan RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 192.168.1.0/24,
43  Nexthop 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0

配置認證完畢會發現有認證的日志喲

調試完信息之后，如果不想看的話可以關閉調試信息：

<hainan>undo debugging all #將所有的調試信息關閉。

擴展題：

　　路由器不收路由更新，180s后才能從IP路由表中丟到回收站，這個時間能不能縮短？

　　答：可以的。

[beijing]rip

[beijing-rip-1]version 2

[beijing-rip-1]timers timeout 60 #進程模式下降時間設置成為60s

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