在linux上oracle服務啟動停止詳細


在CentOS 6.3下安裝完Oracle 10g R2,重開機之后,你會發現Oracle沒有自行啟動,這是正常的,因為在Linux下安裝Oracle的確不會自行啟動,必須要自行設定相關參數,首先先介紹一般而言如何啟動oracle。

一、在Linux下啟動Oracle

登錄到CentOS,切換到oracle用戶權限

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# su – oracle

接着輸入:

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$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"

原本的畫面會變為
SQL>

接着請輸入
SQL> startup

就可以正常的啟動數據庫了。

另外停止數據庫的指令如下:

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SQL> shutdown immediate

二、檢查Oracle DB監聽器是否正常

回到終端機模式,輸入:

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$ lsnrctl status

檢查看看監聽器是否有啟動

如果沒有啟動,可以輸入:

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$ lsnrctl start

啟動監聽器

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SQL> conn sys@orcl as sysdba

然后輸入密碼,sys以sysdba身份登入數據庫。

三、啟動emctl

另外也可以發現http://localhost.localdomain:1158/em 目前是沒有反應的,這邊要另外啟動,啟動的指令如下:

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$ emctl start dbconsole

這個指令運行時間較長,執行完的畫面如下:

手動啟動Oracle數據庫完畢,下面創建系統自行啟動Oracle的腳本。

四、Oracle啟動&停止腳本

1. 修改Oracle系統配置文件:/etc/oratab,只有這樣,Oracle 自帶的dbstart和dbshut才能夠發揮作用。

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# vi /etc/oratab
orcl: /opt/oracle/102 :Y
 
# Entries are of the form:
#  $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:

2. 在 /etc/init.d/ 下創建文件oracle,內容如下:

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#!/bin/sh
# chkconfig: 35 80 10
# description: Oracle auto start-stop script.
 
#
# Set ORA_HOME to be equivalent to the $ORACLE_HOME
# from which you wish to execute dbstart and dbshut;
#
# Set ORA_OWNER to the user id of the owner of the
# Oracle database in ORA_HOME.
ORA_HOME= /opt/oracle/102
ORA_OWNER=oracle
if [ ! -f $ORA_HOME /bin/dbstart ]
then
   echo "Oracle startup: cannot start"
   exit
fi
case "$1" in
'start' )
# Start the Oracle databases:
echo "Starting Oracle Databases ... "
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date + " %T %a %D : Starting Oracle Databases as part of system up." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart" >> /var/log/oracle
echo "Done"
 
# Start the Listener:
echo "Starting Oracle Listeners ... "
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date + " %T %a %D : Starting Oracle Listeners as part of system up." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start" >> /var/log/oracle
echo "Done."
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date + " %T %a %D : Finished." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
touch /var/lock/subsys/oracle
;;
 
'stop' )
# Stop the Oracle Listener:
echo "Stoping Oracle Listeners ... "
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date + " %T %a %D : Stoping Oracle Listener as part of system down." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop" >> /var/log/oracle
echo "Done."
rm -f /var/lock/subsys/oracle
 
# Stop the Oracle Database:
echo "Stoping Oracle Databases ... "
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date + " %T %a %D : Stoping Oracle Databases as part of system down." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/dbshut" >> /var/log/oracle
echo "Done."
echo ""
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
date + " %T %a %D : Finished." >> /var/log/oracle
echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle
;;
 
'restart' )
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
esac

3. 改變文件權限

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# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/oracle

4. 添加服務

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# chkconfig --level 35 oracle on

5. 需要在關機或重啟機器之前停止數據庫,做一下操作

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# ln -s /etc/init.d/oracle /etc/rc0.d/K01oracle  //關機
# ln -s /etc/init.d/oracle /etc/rc6.d/K01oracle  //重啟

6. 使用方法

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# service oracle start    //啟動oracle
  # service oracle stop    //關閉oracle
  # service oracle restart   //重啟oracle

7. 測試

a. 開機自啟動

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Last login: Mon Nov 26 19:57:06 2012 from 10.0.0.145
[root@ORS ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@ORS ~]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
 
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Nov 26 20:07:33 2012
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
 
 
Connected to :
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
 
SQL> set linesize 300;
SQL> set pagesize 30;
SQL> select * from scott.emp;
 
    EMPNO ENAME   JOB       MGR HIREDATE     SAL    COMM   DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
SMITH   CLERK      7902 17- DEC -80    800          20
ALLEN   SALESMAN    7698 20-FEB-81    1600    300     30
WARD    SALESMAN    7698 22-FEB-81    1250    500     30
JONES   MANAGER     7839 02-APR-81    2975          20
MARTIN   SALESMAN    7698 28-SEP-81    1250    1400     30
BLAKE   MANAGER     7839 01-MAY-81    2850          30
CLARK   MANAGER     7839 09-JUN-81    2450          10
SCOTT   ANALYST     7566 19-APR-87    3000          20
KING    PRESIDENT      17-NOV-81    5000          10
TURNER   SALESMAN    7698 08-SEP-81    1500     0     30
ADAMS   CLERK      7788 23-MAY-87    1100          20
JAMES   CLERK      7698 03- DEC -81    950          30
FORD    ANALYST     7566 03- DEC -81    3000          20
MILLER   CLERK      7782 23-JAN-82    1300          10
rows selected.
 
SQL>

b. service oracle stop

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SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
[oracle@ORS ~]$ logout
[root@ORS ~]# service oracle stop
Stoping Oracle Listeners ...
Done.
Stoping Oracle Databases ...
Done.
 
[root@ORS ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@ORS ~]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
 
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Nov 26 20:17:20 2012
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
 
Connected to an idle instance.
 
SQL> set linesize 300;
SQL> set pagesize 30;
SQL> select * from scott.emp;
select * from scott.emp
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
 
 
SQL>

c. service oracle start

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SQL> Disconnected
[oracle@ORS ~]$ logout
[root@ORS ~]# service oracle start
Starting Oracle Databases ...
Done
Starting Oracle Listeners ...
Done.
[root@ORS ~]#

d. service oracle restart

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[root@ORS ~]# service oracle restart
Stoping Oracle Listeners ...
Done.
Stoping Oracle Databases ...
Done.
 
Starting Oracle Databases ...
Done
Starting Oracle Listeners ...
Done.
[root@ORS ~]#

至此,Oracle服務啟動&停止腳本與開機自啟動設置完畢。


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