本教程目錄:
- 自定義線程池
- 配置spring默認的線程池
1. 自定義線程池
1.1 修改application.properties
task.pool.corePoolSize=20 task.pool.maxPoolSize=40 task.pool.keepAliveSeconds=300 task.pool.queueCapacity=50
1.2 線程池配置屬性類TaskThreadPoolConfig .java
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties; /** * 線程池配置屬性類 */ @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "task.pool") public class TaskThreadPoolConfig { private int corePoolSize; private int maxPoolSize; private int keepAliveSeconds; private int queueCapacity; //...getter and setter methods... }
1.3 創建線程池 TaskExecutePool .java
/** * 創建線程池 */ @Configuration @EnableAsync public class TaskExecutePool { @Autowired private TaskThreadPoolConfig config; @Bean public Executor myTaskAsyncPool() { ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor(); //核心線程池大小 executor.setCorePoolSize(config.getCorePoolSize()); //最大線程數 executor.setMaxPoolSize(config.getMaxPoolSize()); //隊列容量 executor.setQueueCapacity(config.getQueueCapacity()); //活躍時間 executor.setKeepAliveSeconds(config.getKeepAliveSeconds()); //線程名字前綴 executor.setThreadNamePrefix("MyExecutor-"); // setRejectedExecutionHandler:當pool已經達到max size的時候,如何處理新任務 // CallerRunsPolicy:不在新線程中執行任務,而是由調用者所在的線程來執行 executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());executor.setWaitForTasksToCompleteOnShutdown(
true
);
executor.setAwaitTerminationSeconds(
60
);
executor.initialize(); return executor; } }
上面我們通過使用ThreadPoolTaskExecutor
創建了一個線程池,同時設置了以下這些參數:
- 核心線程數20:線程池創建時候初始化的線程數
- 最大線程數40:線程池最大的線程數,只有在緩沖隊列滿了之后才會申請超過核心線程數的線程
- 緩沖隊列50:用來緩沖執行任務的隊列
- 允許線程的空閑時間300秒:當超過了核心線程出之外的線程在空閑時間到達之后會被銷毀
- 線程池名的前綴:設置好了之后可以方便我們定位處理任務所在的線程池
- 線程池對拒絕任務的處理策略:這里采用了
CallerRunsPolicy
策略,當線程池沒有處理能力的時候,該策略會直接在 execute 方法的調用線程中運行被拒絕的任務;如果執行程序已關閉,則會丟棄該任務
(ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy 丟棄任務並拋出RejectedExecutionException異常(默認)。
ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardPolic 丟棄任務,但是不拋出異常。
ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardOldestPolicy 丟棄隊列最前面的任務,然后重新嘗試執行任務
ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolic 由調用線程處理該任務)
說明:setWaitForTasksToCompleteOnShutdown(true)
該方法就是這里的關鍵,用來設置線程池關閉的時候等待所有任務都完成再繼續銷毀其他的Bean,這樣這些異步任務的銷毀就會先於Redis線程池的銷毀。同時,這里還設置了setAwaitTerminationSeconds(60),該方法用來設置線程池中任務的等待時間,如果超過這個時候還沒有銷毀就強制銷毀,以確保應用最后能夠被關閉,而不是阻塞住。
1.4 創建線程任務
@Component public class AsyncTask { protected final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass()); @Async("myTaskAsyncPool") //myTaskAsynPool即配置線程池的方法名,此處如果不寫自定義線程池的方法名,會使用默認的線程池 public void doTask1(int i) throws InterruptedException{ logger.info("Task"+i+" started."); } }
1.5 修改啟動類
給啟動類添加注解
@EnableAsync @EnableConfigurationProperties({TaskThreadPoolConfig.class} ) // 開啟配置屬性支持
1.6 測試
protected final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass()); @Autowired private AsyncTask asyncTask; @Test public void AsyncTaskTest() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException { for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) { asyncTask.doTask1(i); } logger.info("All tasks finished."); }
2. 配置spring/springboot默認的異步線程池
因為上面的那個線程池使用時候總要加注解@Async("myTaskAsyncPool")
,(會影響業務系統中的多處修改)
如果我們想使用默認的線程池,即使用異步線程池時還是使用@Async的注解。但是只是想修改默認線程池的配置,將默認的異步線程池的參數可配置化,方便系統的調優。那怎么做了,此時我們需要實現AsyncConfigurer類,示例代碼如下:
public interface AsyncConfigurer { Executor getAsyncExecutor(); AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler(); }
說明:
Executor : 處理異步方法調用時要使用的實例,
AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler :在使用void
返回類型的異步方法執行期間拋出異常時要使用的實例。
2.1 獲取屬性配置類
這個和上面的TaskThreadPoolConfig類相同,這里不重復
2.2 NativeAsyncTaskExecutePool.java 裝配線程池
/** * 原生(Spring)異步任務線程池裝配類 */ @Slf4j @Configuration public class NativeAsyncTaskExecutePool implements AsyncConfigurer { //注入配置類 @Autowired TaskThreadPoolConfig config; @Override public Executor getAsyncExecutor() { ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor(); //核心線程池大小 executor.setCorePoolSize(config.getCorePoolSize()); //最大線程數 executor.setMaxPoolSize(config.getMaxPoolSize()); //隊列容量 executor.setQueueCapacity(config.getQueueCapacity()); //活躍時間 executor.setKeepAliveSeconds(config.getKeepAliveSeconds()); //線程名字前綴 executor.setThreadNamePrefix("MyExecutor-"); // setRejectedExecutionHandler:當pool已經達到max size的時候,如何處理新任務 // CallerRunsPolicy:不在新線程中執行任務,而是由調用者所在的線程來執行 executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy()); executor.initialize(); return executor; } /** * 異步任務中異常處理 * @return */ @Override public AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler getAsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler() { return new AsyncUncaughtExceptionHandler() { @Override public void handleUncaughtException(Throwable arg0, Method arg1, Object... arg2) { log.error("=========================="+arg0.getMessage()+"=======================", arg0); log.error("exception method:"+arg1.getName()); } }; } }
2.3 線程任務類AsyncTask .java
@Component public class AsyncTask { protected final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass()); @Async public void doTask2(int i) throws InterruptedException{ logger.info("Task2-Native"+i+" started."); } }
2.4 測試
@Test public void AsyncTaskNativeTest() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException { for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) { asyncTask.doTask2(i); } logger.info("All tasks finished."); }
結果:
2018-03-25 21:23:07.655 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-8] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native6 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.655 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-3] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native1 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.655 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native7 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native21 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native22 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native23 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native24 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native25 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native26 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native27 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native28 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native29 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native30 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native31 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native32 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native33 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native34 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native35 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native36 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native37 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native38 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native39 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native40 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native41 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.657 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native42 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.657 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native43 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.657 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native44 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.657 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native45 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.657 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native46 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.658 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native47 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.655 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-7] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native5 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.658 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-7] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native49 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.658 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-7] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native50 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.658 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-11] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native9 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.655 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native4 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.659 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native53 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.659 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native54 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.659 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native55 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.659 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native56 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.659 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native57 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.659 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native58 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.660 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native59 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.660 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native60 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.660 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native61 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.660 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native62 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.660 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native63 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.660 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native64 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.660 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native65 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.660 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native66 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.660 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native67 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.660 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native68 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.655 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-5] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native3 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.655 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-4] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native2 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-8] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native19 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-2] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native0 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.656 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-3] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native20 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.657 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-10] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native8 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.658 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native48 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.658 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-7] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native51 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.658 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-11] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native52 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.658 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-12] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native10 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.661 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-13] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native11 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.662 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-14] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native12 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.662 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-15] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native13 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.663 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-16] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native14 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.663 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-17] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native15 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.663 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-18] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native16 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.663 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-19] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native17 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.664 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-20] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native18 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.664 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-21] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native69 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.664 INFO 4668 --- [ main] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native89 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.664 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-6] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native90 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.664 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-22] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native70 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.664 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-5] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native91 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.664 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-5] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native92 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.664 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-8] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native93 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.664 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-2] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native94 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.664 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-10] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native95 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.664 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-3] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native96 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.664 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-7] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native98 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.664 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-9] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native97 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.664 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-11] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native99 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.664 INFO 4668 --- [ main] com.laojiao.securitydemo.ControllerTest : All tasks finished. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.666 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-23] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native71 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.667 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-24] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native72 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.667 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-25] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native73 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.669 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-26] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native74 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.669 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-27] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native75 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.673 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-28] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native76 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.674 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-29] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native77 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.674 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-30] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native78 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.676 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-31] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native79 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.677 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-32] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native80 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.677 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-33] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native81 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.677 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-34] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native82 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.678 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-35] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native83 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.679 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-36] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native84 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.679 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-37] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native85 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.679 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-38] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native86 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.680 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-39] c.l.securitydemo.mythreadpool.AsyncTask : Task2-Native87 started. 2018-03-25 21:23:07.680 INFO 4668 --- [ MyExecutor-