django 實現完整登錄系統
本操作的環境：
===================
Windows 7 64
python3.5
Django 1.10
===================
創建項目與應用 ：
#創建項目
django-admin.py startproject mysite5 cd mysite5 #在項目下創建一個online應用 python manage.py3.5 startapp online
目錄結構如下：
打開mysite5/mysite5/settings.py文件，將應用添加進去：
# Application definition INSTALLED_APPS = ( 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'online', )
設計數據庫 ：
打開mysite5/online/models.py文件，添加如下內容:
from django.db import models # Create your models here. class User(models.Model): username = models.CharField(max_length=50) password = models.CharField(max_length=50) def __unicode__(self): return self.username
創建數據庫，創建User表，用戶名和密碼兩個字段。
下面進行數據庫的同步：
注：在Django1.9之前，數據庫同步只需要一條命令，那就是python3.5 manage.py syncdb。
Django1.9之后需要以下命令：
C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\mysite5> python3.5 manage.py makemigrations #為這些修改創建遷移文件 C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\mysite5> python3.5 manage.py migrate #將這些改變更新到數據庫中
C:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\mysite5> python3.5 manage.py createsuperuser#創建管理員賬戶，不是必須
Username (leave blank to use 'fnngj'): 用戶名（默認當前系統用戶名） Email address: fnngj@126.com 郵箱地址 Password: 密碼 Password (again): 確認密碼 Superuser created successfully. Installing custom SQL ... Installing indexes ... Installed 0 object(s) from 0 fixture(s)
后生成的 online_user 表就是我們models.py 中所創建的User類。
配置URL
打開mysite5/mysite5/urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from online import views
urlpatterns = [
# Examples:
# url(r'^$', 'mysite5.views.home', name='home'),
url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
url(r'^online/', include('online.urls')),
]
在mysite5/online/目錄下創建urls.py文件：
from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from online import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^$', views.login, name='login'),
url(r'^login/$',views.login,name = 'login'),
url(r'^regist/$',views.regist,name = 'regist'),
url(r'^index/$',views.index,name = 'index'),
url(r'^logout/$',views.logout,name = 'logout'),
]
創建視圖
打開mysite5/online/views.py 文件：
from django.shortcuts import render # Create your views here. #coding=utf-8 from django.shortcuts import render,render_to_response from django.http import HttpResponse,HttpResponseRedirect from django.template import RequestContext from django import forms from online.models import User #表單 class UserForm(forms.Form): username = forms.CharField(label='用戶名',max_length=100) password = forms.CharField(label='密碼',widget=forms.PasswordInput()) #注冊 def regist(req): if req.method == 'POST': uf = UserForm(req.POST) if uf.is_valid(): #獲得表單數據 username = uf.cleaned_data['username'] password = uf.cleaned_data['password'] #添加到數據庫 User.objects.create(username= username,password=password) return HttpResponse('regist success!!') else: uf = UserForm() return render_to_response('regist.html',{'uf':uf}, ) #登陸 def login(req): if req.method == 'POST': uf = UserForm(req.POST) if uf.is_valid(): #獲取表單用戶密碼 username = uf.cleaned_data['username'] password = uf.cleaned_data['password'] #獲取的表單數據與數據庫進行比較 user = User.objects.filter(username__exact = username,password__exact = password) if user: #比較成功，跳轉index response = HttpResponseRedirect('/online/index/') #將username寫入瀏覽器cookie,失效時間為3600 response.set_cookie('username',username,3600) return response else: #比較失敗，還在login return HttpResponseRedirect('/online/login/') else: uf = UserForm() return render_to_response('login.html',{'uf':uf},) #登陸成功 def index(req): username = req.COOKIES.get('username','') return render_to_response('index.html' ,{'username':username}) #退出 def logout(req): response = HttpResponse('logout !!') #清理cookie里保存username response.delete_cookie('username') return response
這里實現了所有注冊，登陸邏輯，中間用到cookie創建，讀取，刪除操作等。
創建模板
先在mysite5/online/目錄下創建templates目錄，接着在mysite5/online/templates/目錄下創建regist.html 文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title>注冊</title> </head> <body> <h1>注冊頁面：</h1> <form method = 'post' enctype="multipart/form-data"> {% csrf_token %} {{uf.as_p}} <input type="submit" value = "ok" /> </form> <br> <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/online/login/">登陸</a> </body> </html>
mysite5/online/templates/目錄下創建login.html 文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title>登陸</title> </head> <body> <h1>登陸頁面：</h1> <form method = 'post' enctype="multipart/form-data"> {% csrf_token %} {{uf.as_p}} <input type="submit" value = "ok" /> </form> <br> <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/online/regist/">注冊</a> </body> </html>
mysite5/online/templates/目錄下創建index.html 文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title></title> </head> <body> <h1>welcome {{username}} !</h1> <br> <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/online/logout/">退出</a> </body> </html>
設置模板路徑
打開mysite5/mysite5/settings.py文件，在底部添加：
STATICFILES_DIRS = ( os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'online/templates'), )
使用功能 :
注冊成功，提示“regist success!!”
登陸
執行登陸操作，通過讀取瀏覽器cookie 來獲取用戶名
登錄成功
參考鏈接：http://www.cnblogs.com/fnng/p/3750596.html(蟲師)