今天是想通過實例將UWP開發常用的數據列表做匯總比較,作為以后項目開發參考。UWP開發必備知識點總結請參照【UWP開發必備以及常用知識點總結】。
本次主要討論以下控件:
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GridView:用於顯示數據項的水平網格控件
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ListView:用於顯示數據項的垂直列表控件
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ListBox:可選項列表控件
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ItemsControl:用於顯示數據項的列表控件。是其他控件的父類。
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Pivot:應用內部標簽導航控件
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FlipView:每次只顯示一個數據項的控件,通過滑動切換數據項
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SplitView:包含主視圖和導航試圖的控件,主視圖顯示內容,導航試圖包含導航命令或者數據
1,GridView
由於圖片比較大,水平效果變成垂直了,把圖片去掉再試試:
xaml設置如下:
<Page x:Class="ListDemo.Views.GridViewPage" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:local="using:ListDemo.Views" xmlns:data="using:ListDemo.Model" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" mc:Ignorable="d"> <Grid Background="{ThemeResource ApplicationPageBackgroundThemeBrush}"> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="50"/> <RowDefinition Height="*"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <Button Grid.Row="0" x:Name="goBack" Content="Back" Click="goBack_Click" /> <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Text="GridView" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/> <GridView Grid.Row="1" x:Name="pageList"> <GridView.ItemTemplate> <DataTemplate x:DataType="data:PageItem" > <Grid> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="50"/> <RowDefinition Height="*"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Text="{x:Bind Title,Mode=OneWay}" /> <!--<Image Grid.Row="1" Source="{x:Bind ImgUrl,Mode=OneWay}" />--> </Grid> </DataTemplate> </GridView.ItemTemplate> </GridView> </Grid> </Page>
第二張圖明顯可以看出效果了,從左到右水平布局數據項,空間不足時換行顯示。記得在Win8.1開發模板中有一個網格模板,產生的頁面就是用的GridView,不過在UWP開發中這個模板已經被刪除了。
2,ListView
ListView就是這樣垂直顯示的控件。它繼承自ListBox,一樣可以設置SelectionMode來定義是單項選擇還是多項選擇,同時還支持數據依賴屬性。
xaml設置如下:
<Page x:Class="ListDemo.Views.ListViewPage" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:local="using:ListDemo.Views" xmlns:data="using:ListDemo.Model" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" mc:Ignorable="d"> <Grid Background="{ThemeResource ApplicationPageBackgroundThemeBrush}"> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="50"/> <RowDefinition Height="*"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <Button Grid.Row="0" x:Name="goBack" Content="Back" Click="goBack_Click" /> <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Text="ListView" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/> <ListView Grid.Row="1" x:Name="pageList"> <ListView.ItemTemplate> <DataTemplate x:DataType="data:PageItem" > <Grid> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="50"/> <RowDefinition Height="*"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Text="{x:Bind Title,Mode=OneWay}" /> <!--<Image Grid.Row="1" Source="{x:Bind ImgUrl,Mode=OneWay}" />--> </Grid> </DataTemplate> </ListView.ItemTemplate> </ListView> </Grid> </Page>
3,ListBox
表面看上去和ListView沒區別,仔細看在項目被選中時是沒有動畫效果的。雖然是ItemsControl的子類控件,但是添加了選擇功能。可以設置SelectionMode來定義是單項選擇還是多項選擇。
xaml設置如下:
<Page x:Class="ListDemo.Views.ListBoxPage" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:local="using:ListDemo.Views" xmlns:data="using:ListDemo.Model" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" mc:Ignorable="d"> <Grid Background="{ThemeResource ApplicationPageBackgroundThemeBrush}"> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="50"/> <RowDefinition Height="*"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <Button Grid.Row="0" x:Name="goBack" Content="Back" Click="goBack_Click" /> <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Text="ListBox" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/> <ListBox Grid.Row="1" x:Name="pageList"> <ListBox.ItemTemplate> <DataTemplate x:DataType="data:PageItem" > <Grid> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="50"/> <RowDefinition Height="*"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Text="{x:Bind Title,Mode=OneWay}" /> <!--<Image Grid.Row="1" Source="{x:Bind ImgUrl,Mode=OneWay}" />--> </Grid> </DataTemplate> </ListBox.ItemTemplate> </ListBox> </Grid> </Page>
4,ItemsControl
xaml設置如下:
<Page x:Class="ListDemo.Views.ItemscontrolPage" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:local="using:ListDemo.Views" xmlns:data="using:ListDemo.Model" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" mc:Ignorable="d"> <Grid Background="{ThemeResource ApplicationPageBackgroundThemeBrush}"> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="50"/> <RowDefinition Height="*"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <Button Grid.Row="0" x:Name="goBack" Content="Back" Click="goBack_Click" /> <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Text="ItemsControl" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/> <ScrollViewer Grid.Row="1"> <ItemsControl x:Name="pageList" > <ItemsControl.ItemTemplate> <DataTemplate x:DataType="data:PageItem" > <Grid> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="50"/> <RowDefinition Height="*"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Text="{x:Bind Title,Mode=OneWay}" /> <!--<Image Grid.Row="1" Source="{x:Bind ImgUrl,Mode=OneWay}" />--> </Grid> </DataTemplate> </ItemsControl.ItemTemplate> </ItemsControl> </ScrollViewer> </Grid> </Page>
從中可以看出,作為列表控件的父類ItemsControl列表數據默認是不帶滾動條的,必須手動添加ScrollViewer控件。而且項目沒有選擇與未選擇區分,使用ItemsPresenter顯示數據項,以及數據項沒有任何位置設置,從坐標(0,0)開始。
5,Pivot
xaml設置如下:
<Page x:Class="ListDemo.Views.PivotPage" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:local="using:ListDemo.Views" xmlns:data="using:ListDemo.Model" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" mc:Ignorable="d"> <Grid Background="{ThemeResource ApplicationPageBackgroundThemeBrush}"> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="50"/> <RowDefinition Height="*"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <Button Grid.Row="0" x:Name="goBack" Content="Back" Click="goBack_Click" /> <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Text="Pivot" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/> <Pivot Grid.Row="1" x:Name="pageList"> <Pivot.ItemTemplate> <DataTemplate x:DataType="data:PageItem"> <Image Source="{x:Bind ImgUrl,Mode=OneWay}" /> </DataTemplate> </Pivot.ItemTemplate> <Pivot.HeaderTemplate> <DataTemplate x:DataType="data:PageItem"> <TextBlock Text="{x:Bind Title,Mode=OneWay}" /> </DataTemplate> </Pivot.HeaderTemplate> </Pivot> </Grid> </Page>
在UWP開發中是沒有Tab控件的,Pivot就是Tab控件的替代,點擊每個標簽可以切換試圖。
6,FlipView
xaml設置如下:
<Page x:Class="ListDemo.Views.FlipViewPage" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:local="using:ListDemo.Views" xmlns:data="using:ListDemo.Model" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" mc:Ignorable="d"> <Grid Background="{ThemeResource ApplicationPageBackgroundThemeBrush}"> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="50"/> <RowDefinition Height="*"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <Button Grid.Row="0" x:Name="goBack" Content="Back" Click="goBack_Click" /> <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Text="FlipView" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/> <FlipView Grid.Row="1" x:Name="pageList"> <FlipView.ItemTemplate> <DataTemplate x:DataType="data:PageItem" > <Grid> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="50"/> <RowDefinition Height="*"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Text="{x:Bind Title,Mode=OneWay}" /> <Image Grid.Row="1" Source="{x:Bind ImgUrl,Mode=OneWay}" /> </Grid> </DataTemplate> </FlipView.ItemTemplate> </FlipView> </Grid> </Page>
FlipView通過左右滑動切換數據項,每次只能顯示一個數據項,並且自帶左右切換按鈕。與Pivot很像每次操作只顯示一個試圖。
7,SplitView
xaml設置如下:
<Page x:Class="ListDemo.Views.SplitViewPage" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:local="using:ListDemo.Views" xmlns:data="using:ListDemo.Model" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" mc:Ignorable="d"> <Grid Background="{ThemeResource ApplicationPageBackgroundThemeBrush}"> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="48"/> <RowDefinition Height="*"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <Button Grid.Row="0" HorizontalAlignment="Right" x:Name="goBack" Content="Back" Click="goBack_Click" /> <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Text="SplitView" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/> <ToggleButton x:Name="HumberButton" Width="48" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Stretch"> <FontIcon FontFamily="Segoe MDL2 Assets" Glyph="" /> </ToggleButton> <SplitView Grid.Row="1" DisplayMode="Overlay" CompactPaneLength="48" IsPaneOpen="{Binding ElementName=HumberButton,Path=IsChecked,Mode=OneWay}"> <SplitView.Pane> <ListView x:Name="pageList"> <ListView.ItemTemplate> <DataTemplate x:DataType="data:PageItem" > <Grid> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="50"/> <RowDefinition Height="*"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Text="{x:Bind Title,Mode=OneWay}" /> <Image Grid.Row="1" Source="{x:Bind ImgUrl,Mode=OneWay}" /> </Grid> </DataTemplate> </ListView.ItemTemplate> </ListView> </SplitView.Pane> </SplitView> </Grid> </Page>
SplitView實際不是列表控件,只是試圖顯示控件。在主視圖的基礎上彈出顯示另外一個試圖(比如導航菜單),這也是常見需求。特別是UWP開發中一定會有的漢堡式菜單就是SplitView應用。
匯總
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水平顯示:GridView,Pivot,FlipView
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垂直顯示:ListView,ListBox,ItemsControl
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ItemsControl以列表數據項內容全顯示優先,可能會超范圍顯示,而且不會隨着窗口大小變化自動調整大小。
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ListBox與ListView數據項顯示大小依賴於父容器大小,而且會隨着窗口大小變化自動調整數據項大小。
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ItemsControl沒有滾動條,ListBox帶水平垂直滾動條,ListView帶垂直滾動條。
如何選擇這些控件
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如果不想讓數據項具備選擇功能,可以考慮ItemsControl。
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如果每次只想顯示一個數據項,可以考慮使用Pivot,FlipView。
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如果想顯示數據項詳情,可以考慮GridView,ListView。
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如果需要導航時考慮SplitView。








