block是什么,這里就不多加強調了,它的優點:
第一:執行效率高,速度快
第二:使用起來比代理簡單,省卻不少代碼,增強代碼美感
有一些小的知識點要強調一下:
第一點:它類似於一個匿名函數,也跟java中的匿名內部類相似,但是,記住,它是一種數據類型,因為它內部是一個結構體,有方法有屬性,所以它具有對象的特征;
第二點:在類中聲明block為屬性時,如果使用assgin修飾,那么它被放到了棧中,方法已過就會被銷毀,所以,盡量使用copy作為修飾詞,這樣一來block就被存放到了堆中,生命周期就會延長,保證block不會被立即銷毀;
第三點:要防止循環引用,造成線程死鎖,所以,有時需要加上__weak修飾。
第四點:為什么多用copy修飾,而不用strong修飾,這是MRC時期遺留下來的寫法習慣,其實用strong也可以修飾,但是盡量用copy。
block既可以作為屬性,單獨賦值然后回調;也可以作為一個方法的參數使用,再進行回調,舉例如下,直接代碼演示:
我的例子過程大概是:首先用戶瀏覽題庫時,點擊收藏按鈕,彈出收藏界面,用戶選擇完某一個文件夾后,隱藏收藏界面,提示收藏成功!
例子一:block使用屬性單獨賦值后回調
這是收藏界面類的回調代碼
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h> //聲明block,用作選擇收藏文件后的回調處理 typedef void (^CollectionBlock)(); //選擇文件夾 typedef void (^CompleteHandleBlock)(); //選完之后的處理 @interface KJCollectionView : UITableView @property (copy,nonatomic)CollectionBlock collectionBlock; @property (copy,nonatomic)CompleteHandleBlock completeBlock; -(instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame withFiles:(NSArray *)files; @end #import "KJCollectionView.h" #import "KJMyQueBankFile.h" @interface KJCollectionView()<UITableViewDataSource,UITableViewDelegate> @property (strong,nonatomic)NSArray *allFiles; @end @implementation KJCollectionView -(instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame withFiles:(NSArray *)files { self = [super initWithFrame:frame]; if (self) { self.dataSource = self; self.delegate = self; self.tableHeaderView = [UILabel createLabel:CGRectMake(0, 0, SCREEN_WIDTH, 50) title:@"請選擇收藏位置" titleColor:HMColor(13, 195, 176) alignmentType:NSTextAlignmentCenter size:16]; self.tableFooterView = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectZero]; self.allFiles = [NSArray arrayWithArray:files]; MoveUnderLine(self); } return self; } #pragma mark - block回調,為block屬性賦值 -(void)setCollectionBlock:(CollectionBlock)collectionBlock{ if (_collectionBlock != collectionBlock) { _collectionBlock = collectionBlock; } } -(void)setCompleteBlock:(CompleteHandleBlock)completeBlock{ if (_completeBlock != completeBlock) { _completeBlock = completeBlock; } } #pragma mark - UITableViewDataSource #pragma mark - Required -(NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section{ return self.allFiles.count; } -(UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{ static NSString *reuseIdentifier = @"Cell"; UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:reuseIdentifier]; if (!cell) { cell = [[UITableViewCell alloc]init]; } cell.accessoryView = [UIButton createButton:CGRectMake(0, 0, 30, 30) imageName:@"default_true" target:self Done:@selector(chooseFileDone:)]; cell.imageView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:[self.allFiles[indexPath.row] file_image]]; cell.textLabel.text = [self.allFiles[indexPath.row] file_Name]; return cell; } #pragma mark - Optional - (CGFloat)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView heightForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{ return 50; } #pragma mark - UITableViewDelegate #pragma mark - Optional - (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{ UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:indexPath]; cell.accessoryView = [UIButton createButton:CGRectMake(0, 0, 30, 30) imageName:@"selected_ture" target:nil Done:nil]; //回調處理 _collectionBlock(); _completeBlock(); } #pragma mark - 按鈕選擇文件夾 -(void)chooseFileDone:(UIButton *)btn{ UITableViewCell *cell = (UITableViewCell *)btn.superview; cell.accessoryView = [UIButton createButton:CGRectMake(0, 0, 30, 30) imageName:@"selected_ture" target:nil Done:nil]; //回調處理 _collectionBlock(); _completeBlock(); } @end
這是在題庫類中給block傳遞回調處理的代碼:直接通過屬性賦值
#pragma mark - 點擊收藏按鈕時的代理方法 /** * 收藏作業 * @param indexPath 當前cell中選擇按鈕選中后的cell * @param btn 收藏按鈕 * @param collectionTag 當前cell中收藏按鈕的tag */ -(void)finishedClickedCollectionFileIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath CollectionBtn:(UIButton *)btn{ //創建收藏文件夾視圖和蒙版視圖 self.collectionView = [[KJCollectionView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 260, 200) withFiles:self.filesArrayM]; self.collectionView.layer.cornerRadius = 3.0; self.collectionView.layer.masksToBounds = YES; self.collectionView.center = [UIApplication sharedApplication].keyWindow.center; self.coverView = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:self.view.bounds]; self.coverView.backgroundColor = HMColorRGBA(51, 51, 51, 0.3); [self.view addSubview:self.collectionView]; [self.view addSubview:self.coverView]; [self.view insertSubview:self.collectionView aboveSubview:self.coverView]; __weak typeof(self) weakSelf = self; //為選擇文件的block賦值 self.collectionView.collectionBlock = ^(){ //取出收藏字典 KJChooseHomeworkDicM *checkBtnDicManager = [KJChooseHomeworkDicM sharedCheckBtnDicMManager]; [checkBtnDicManager.collectionDicM setObject:indexPath forKey:indexPath]; [btn setSelected:YES]; //獲取作業模型 KJLog(@"clickedCollection:%@",[weakSelf.homeworkCellFrames[indexPath.row] defaultFH]); }; //為選完文件后的block賦值 self.collectionView.completeBlock = ^(){ [MBProgressHUD showSuccess:@"收藏成功"]; //移除收藏文件夾視圖和蒙版視圖 dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(0.5 * NSEC_PER_SEC)), dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{ [weakSelf.collectionView removeFromSuperview]; [weakSelf.coverView removeFromSuperview]; [weakSelf setCollectionView:nil]; [weakSelf setCoverView:nil]; }); }; }
例子二:block作為方法的參數賦值后再進行回調
這是收藏界面類的回調代碼
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h> //聲明block,用作選擇收藏文件后的回調處理 typedef void (^CollectionBlock)(); //選擇文件夾 typedef void (^CompleteHandleBlock)(); //選完之后的處理 @interface KJCollectionView : UITableView @property (copy,nonatomic)CollectionBlock collectionBlock; @property (copy,nonatomic)CompleteHandleBlock completeBlock; -(instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame withFiles:(NSArray *)files; //聲明一個方法 -(void)chooseFile:(CollectionBlock )collectionBlock compeleteChooseBlock:(CompleteHandleBlock)completeBlock; @end // Created by mac on 16/5/20. // Copyright © 2016年 mac. All rights reserved. #import "KJCollectionView.h" #import "KJMyQueBankFile.h" @interface KJCollectionView()<UITableViewDataSource,UITableViewDelegate> @property (strong,nonatomic)NSArray *allFiles; @end @implementation KJCollectionView -(instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame withFiles:(NSArray *)files { self = [super initWithFrame:frame]; if (self) { self.dataSource = self; self.delegate = self; self.tableHeaderView = [UILabel createLabel:CGRectMake(0, 0, SCREEN_WIDTH, 50) title:@"請選擇收藏位置" titleColor:HMColor(13, 195, 176) alignmentType:NSTextAlignmentCenter size:16]; self.tableFooterView = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectZero]; self.allFiles = [NSArray arrayWithArray:files]; MoveUnderLine(self); } return self; } #pragma mark - block回調,通過方法為block屬性賦值 -(void)chooseFile:(CollectionBlock )collectionBlock compeleteChooseBlock:(CompleteHandleBlock)completeBlock{ if (_collectionBlock != collectionBlock) { _collectionBlock = collectionBlock; } if (_completeBlock != completeBlock) { _completeBlock = completeBlock; } } #pragma mark - UITableViewDataSource #pragma mark - Required -(NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section{ return self.allFiles.count; } -(UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{ static NSString *reuseIdentifier = @"Cell"; UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:reuseIdentifier]; if (!cell) { cell = [[UITableViewCell alloc]init]; } cell.accessoryView = [UIButton createButton:CGRectMake(0, 0, 30, 30) imageName:@"default_true" target:self Done:@selector(chooseFileDone:)]; cell.imageView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:[self.allFiles[indexPath.row] file_image]]; cell.textLabel.text = [self.allFiles[indexPath.row] file_Name]; return cell; } #pragma mark - Optional - (CGFloat)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView heightForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{ return 50; } #pragma mark - UITableViewDelegate #pragma mark - Optional - (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath{ UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:indexPath]; cell.accessoryView = [UIButton createButton:CGRectMake(0, 0, 30, 30) imageName:@"selected_ture" target:nil Done:nil]; //回調處理 _collectionBlock(); _completeBlock(); } #pragma mark - 按鈕選擇文件夾 -(void)chooseFileDone:(UIButton *)btn{ UITableViewCell *cell = (UITableViewCell *)btn.superview; cell.accessoryView = [UIButton createButton:CGRectMake(0, 0, 30, 30) imageName:@"selected_ture" target:nil Done:nil]; //回調處理 _collectionBlock(); _completeBlock(); } @end
這是在題庫類中給block傳遞回調處理的代碼:直接將要賦值的block寫入到方法中
#pragma mark - 點擊收藏按鈕時的代理方法 /** * 收藏作業 * @param indexPath 當前cell中選擇按鈕選中后的cell * @param btn 收藏按鈕 * @param collectionTag 當前cell中收藏按鈕的tag */ -(void)finishedClickedCollectionFileIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath CollectionBtn:(UIButton *)btn{ //創建收藏文件夾視圖和蒙版視圖 self.collectionView = [[KJCollectionView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 260, 200) withFiles:self.filesArrayM]; self.collectionView.layer.cornerRadius = 3.0; self.collectionView.layer.masksToBounds = YES; self.collectionView.center = [UIApplication sharedApplication].keyWindow.center; self.coverView = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:self.view.bounds]; self.coverView.backgroundColor = HMColorRGBA(51, 51, 51, 0.3); [self.view addSubview:self.collectionView]; [self.view addSubview:self.coverView]; [self.view insertSubview:self.collectionView aboveSubview:self.coverView]; __weak typeof(self) weakSelf = self;
//把block放入方法中 [self.collectionView chooseFile:^{ //取出收藏字典 KJChooseHomeworkDicM *checkBtnDicManager = [KJChooseHomeworkDicM sharedCheckBtnDicMManager]; [checkBtnDicManager.collectionDicM setObject:indexPath forKey:indexPath]; [btn setSelected:YES]; [MBProgressHUD showSuccess:@"收藏成功"]; //獲取作業模型 KJLog(@"clickedCollection:%@",[weakSelf.homeworkCellFrames[indexPath.row] defaultFH]); } compeleteChooseBlock:^{ //移除收藏文件夾視圖和蒙版視圖 dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(0.5 * NSEC_PER_SEC)), dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{ [MBProgressHUD hideHUD]; [weakSelf.collectionView removeFromSuperview]; [weakSelf.coverView removeFromSuperview]; [weakSelf setCollectionView:nil]; [weakSelf setCoverView:nil]; }); }]; }
上面兩種演示截圖達到的效果是一樣的:
點擊題庫中的收藏 選擇文件夾收藏
顯示收藏成功 移除文件夾視圖
本人原創,轉載須注明出處,謝謝!