- 寫操作——添加操作
mongodb提供以下操作執行添加文檔操作
- db.collection.insertOne() 3.2新添加
- db.collection.insertMany() 3.2 新添加
- db.collection.insert()
- 首先介紹下 insertone() 操作
語法規則：
db.collection.insertOne( <document>, { writeConcern: <document> //Optional. A document expressing the write concern. Omit to use the default write concern. } )
關於 writeconcern 后邊章節會詳細介紹
返回值：
A document containing:
- A boolean acknowledged as true if the operation ran with write concern or false if write concern was disabled.
- A single element insertedId with the _id of the inserted document.
注意：
集合不存在該操作會創建集合。
該操作不支持 db.collection.explain() 查詢計划 可以使用insert 代替。
實例：
try { db.products.insertOne( { item: "card", qty: 15 } ); }; catch (e) { print (e); };
返回值：
{ "acknowledged" : true, "insertedIds" : [ ObjectId("562a94d381cb9f1cd6eb0e1a"), ] }
添加write concern選項之后 復制集
try { db.products.insertOne( { "item": "envelopes", "qty": 100, type: "Self-Sealing" }, { writeConcern: { w : "majority", wtimeout : 100 } }; //w:majority，表示>1/2的節點有數據 ) } catch (e) { print (e); }
如果超時返回結果實例
WriteConcernError({ "code" : 64, "errInfo" : { "wtimeout" : true }, "errmsg" : "waiting for replication timed out" })
- 介紹下 inserMany() 操作 該操作是 3.2版本新添加的功能
語法規則：
db.collection.insertMany( { [ <document 1> , <document 2>, ... ] },//An array of documents to insert into the collection. 注意是數組 { writeConcern: <document>, ordered: <boolean> //Optional. A boolean specifying whether the mongod instance should perform an ordered or unordered insert. Defaults to true. 默認式按照順序添加的 順序添加的速度要慢於不按順序添加的 } )
返回值：
A document containing:
- A boolean acknowledged as true if the operation ran with write concern or false if write concern was disabled
- An array of _id for each successfully inserted documents
注意：
- 每一組操作最大可以有1000個文檔。
- 順序添加的速度要慢於不按順序添加的。
- 不存在的集合會自動創建。
- insertMany() 也不支持db.collection.explain() 可以使用insert 代替。
- 如果添加出錯會報出 BulkWriteError exception 異常，按照順序添加的 操作遇到錯誤會直接停止，而不按照順序的會繼續執行在隊列中的寫操作。
實例：不指定 _id
try { db.products.insertMany( [ { item: "card", qty: 15 }, { item: "envelope", qty: 20 }, { item: "stamps" , qty: 30 } ] ); } catch (e) { print (e); }
返回值：
{ "acknowledged" : true, "insertedIds" : [ ObjectId("562a94d381cb9f1cd6eb0e1a"), ObjectId("562a94d381cb9f1cd6eb0e1b"), ObjectId("562a94d381cb9f1cd6eb0e1c") ] }
指定_id字段：
try { db.products.insertMany( [ { _id: 10, item: "large box", qty: 20 }, { _id: 11, item: "small box", qty: 55 }, { _id: 12, item: "medium box", qty: 30 } ] ); } catch (e) { print (e); }
返回值：
{ "acknowledged" : true, "insertedIds" : [ 10, 11, 12 ] }
插入一個_id字段重復的字段：
try { db.products.insertMany( [ { _id: 13, item: "envelopes", qty: 60 }, { _id: 13, item: "stamps", qty: 110 }, { _id: 14, item: "packing tape", qty: 38 } ] ); } catch (e) { print (e); }
返回值： 返回 BulkWriteError 異常 只會添加第一條數據
BulkWriteError({ "writeErrors" : [ { "index" : 0, "code" : 11000, "errmsg" : "E11000 duplicate key error collection: restaurant.test index: _id_ dup key: { : 13.0 }", "op" : { "_id" : 13, "item" : "envelopes", "qty" : 60 } } ], "writeConcernErrors" : [ ], "nInserted" : 0, "nUpserted" : 0, "nMatched" : 0, "nModified" : 0, "nRemoved" : 0, "upserted" : [ ] })
沒有順序添加操作：
try { db.products.insertMany( [ { _id: 10, item: "large box", qty: 20 }, { _id: 11, item: "small box", qty: 55 }, { _id: 11, item: "medium box", qty: 30 }, { _id: 12, item: "envelope", qty: 100}, { _id: 13, item: "stamps", qty: 125 }, { _id: 13, item: "tape", qty: 20}, { _id: 14, item: "bubble wrap", qty: 30} ], { ordered: false } ); } catch (e) { print (e); }
返回值： 即使出現錯誤后續的字段也能正常添加進
BulkWriteError({ "writeErrors" : [ { "index" : 2, "code" : 11000, "errmsg" : "E11000 duplicate key error collection: inventory.products index: _id_ dup key: { : 11.0 }", "op" : { "_id" : 11, "item" : "medium box", "qty" : 30 } }, { "index" : 5, "code" : 11000, "errmsg" : "E11000 duplicate key error collection: inventory.products index: _id_ dup key: { : 13.0 }", "op" : { "_id" : 13, "item" : "tape", "qty" : 20 } } ], "writeConcernErrors" : [ ], "nInserted" : 5, "nUpserted" : 0, "nMatched" : 0, "nModified" : 0, "nRemoved" : 0, "upserted" : [ ] })
帶着 寫入安全級別writeconcern 跟 wtimeout
try { db.products.insertMany( [ { _id: 10, item: "large box", qty: 20 }, { _id: 11, item: "small box", qty: 55 }, { _id: 12, item: "medium box", qty: 30 } ], { w: "majority", wtimeout: 100 } ); } catch (e) { print (e); }
返回值： If the primary and at least one secondary acknowledge each write operation within 100 milliseconds
{ "acknowledged" : true, "insertedIds" : [ ObjectId("562a94d381cb9f1cd6eb0e1a"), ObjectId("562a94d381cb9f1cd6eb0e1b"), ObjectId("562a94d381cb9f1cd6eb0e1c") ] }
超時返回：
- WriteConcernError({ "code" : 64, "errInfo" : { "wtimeout" : true }, "errmsg" : "waiting for replication timed out" })
- 介紹下 inser() 操作
語法：
db.collection.insert( <document or array of documents>, //數組或者文檔都可以添加 { writeConcern: <document>, ordered: <boolean> //跟insertMany()操作作用一致 } )
返回值：
- A WriteResult object for single inserts.
- A BulkWriteResult object for bulk inserts.
- 介紹下 批量操作 bulk 函數
將多個數據更新操作（插入 修改 刪除）操作放到一個待執行的列表中來批量執行
包括： db.collection.initializeOrderedBulkOp() 順序執行 如果其中某項操作出現問題 mongodb 不會做任何修改
db.collection.initializeUnorderedBulkOp() 並行執行
例如：如果一個執行list 包含添加 更新 刪除操作 ，mongodb 會把操作分成三個組：第一個執行insert 操作 第二個執行更新操作 第三個執行刪除操作
Bulk.getOperations()可以查看一組各類型的操作是如何分組的，執行之后才能調用。
BULK支持以下操作：
The Bulk() builder has the following methods: Name Description Bulk.insert() Adds an insert operation to a list of operations. Bulk.find() Specifies the query condition for an update or a remove operation. Bulk.find.removeOne() Adds a single document remove operation to a list of operations. Bulk.find.remove() Adds a multiple document remove operation to a list of operations. Bulk.find.replaceOne() Adds a single document replacement operation to a list of operations. Bulk.find.updateOne() Adds a single document update operation to a list of operations. Bulk.find.update() Adds a multi update operation to a list of operations. Bulk.find.upsert() Specifies upsert: true for an update operation. Bulk.execute() Executes a list of operations in bulk. Bulk.getOperations() Returns an array of write operations executed in the Bulk() operations object. Bulk.tojson() Returns a JSON document that contains the number of operations and batches in the Bulk() operations object. Bulk.toString() Returns the Bulk.tojson() results as a string.
詳細信息查看 mongodb 文檔
實例： 順序執行操作 db.users.initializeOrderedBulkOp()
var bulk = db.users.initializeOrderedBulkOp(); bulk.insert( { user: "abc123", status: "A", points: 0 } ); bulk.insert( { user: "ijk123", status: "A", points: 0 } ); bulk.insert( { user: "mop123", status: "P", points: 0 } ); bulk.find( { status: "D" } ).remove(); bulk.find( { status: "P" } ).update( { $set: { comment: "Pending" } } ); bulk.execute();
實例：並行執行 db.collection.initializeUnorderedBulkOp() 執行操作的時候為了提升性能會重新更改執行的順序。
var bulk = db.users.initializeUnorderedBulkOp(); bulk.insert( { user: "abc123", status: "A", points: 0 } ); bulk.insert( { user: "ijk123", status: "A", points: 0 } ); bulk.insert( { user: "mop123", status: "P", points: 0 } ); bulk.execute();
Bulk.getOperations() 返回mongodb bulk.execute() 執行時候的數組 包含執行的操作 。
實例：
var bulk = db.items.initializeUnorderedBulkOp(); for (var i = 1; i <= 1500; i++) { bulk.insert( { x: i } ); } bulk.execute(); bulk.getOperations();
返回的結果：
[ { "originalZeroIndex" : 0, "batchType" : 1, //1 insert 2 update 3 remove "operations" : [ { "_id" : ObjectId("53a8959f1990ca24d01c6165"), "x" : 1 }, ... // Content omitted for brevity { "_id" : ObjectId("53a8959f1990ca24d01c654c"), "x" : 1000 } ] }, { "originalZeroIndex" : 1000, "batchType" : 1, "operations" : [ { "_id" : ObjectId("53a8959f1990ca24d01c654d"), "x" : 1001 }, ... // Content omitted for brevity { "_id" : ObjectId("53a8959f1990ca24d01c6740"), "x" : 1500 } ] } ]