在閱讀代碼量比較多的項目時，類的繼承樹和函數調用圖能夠直觀地向我們顯示類之間或者函數之間的各種關系，方便我們了解程序的整體框架，很多時候可以起到事半功倍的作用。這里嘗試了用doxygen+graphviz生成工程中的類繼承樹和函數調用圖的方法，總體來說操作比較方便。網上還有其他一些方法，比如eclipse插件還有Rational Software Rrchitect，對於eclipse插件，功能比較有限，而Rational Software Rrchitect軟件裝的時候老有問題，以后再嘗試下。
doxygen是一款用來生成項目文檔的軟件，類似於javadoc，但是比javadoc要強大，還可以對項目代碼的結構進行分析。最初doxygen設計來分析c++代碼，現在也支持如java, python, obj-c, php等語言。
graphviz是一款展示圖和網絡結構的軟件，用來繪制DOT語言腳本描述的圖形。
總的來說，就是用doxygen來生成結構，用graphviz來顯示結構。
一、軟件安裝。（環境:win7 64bit）
首先，安裝doxygen，可以在官網的download頁面下載，下載doxygen-1.8.8-setup.exe，安裝即可。軟件集成了32位和64位安裝包。然后，安裝graphviz，官網下載地址，下載windows安裝包。
二、配置doxygen。（graphviz安裝好后不需要其他配置操作）
doxygen打開的頁面如下圖所示，有三個配置選項卡：wizard,expert,run。
1）wizard選項卡。
project)step1中先設置doxygen生成文檔的工作空間，step2中設置要生成文檔的工程名字，源代碼的目錄，是否遞歸處理源代碼，還有生成文檔存放的位置。
mode)中選擇要處理的語言
output)略
Diagrams)勾選Use do tool from the GraphViz package，下面的復選框也全勾上。
2）Expert選項卡。
build)中主要勾選EXTRACE_ALL, EXTRACE_PRIVATE, EXTRACE_STATIC, EXTRACE_LOCAL_CALSSES, EXTRACE_LOCAL_METHODS
Doc)中勾選MUL_LOOK, 設置DOT_PATH即doc.exe的位置，位於graphviz安裝路徑下的bin目錄下。（這里比較關鍵，我一開始沒設置路徑，識別不出graphviz的地址，繼承關系解析出來了，但是圖沒畫出來）。
3）Run選項卡
可以查看Show configuration的配置。以下是我的配置。
# Doxyfile 1.8.8 #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Project related configuration options #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- DOXYFILE_ENCODING = UTF-8 PROJECT_NAME = javautil PROJECT_NUMBER = PROJECT_BRIEF = PROJECT_LOGO = OUTPUT_DIRECTORY = E:/doxygenWorkspace/javautil CREATE_SUBDIRS = NO ALLOW_UNICODE_NAMES = NO OUTPUT_LANGUAGE = English BRIEF_MEMBER_DESC = YES REPEAT_BRIEF = YES ABBREVIATE_BRIEF = "The $name class" \ "The $name widget" \ "The $name file" \ is \ provides \ specifies \ contains \ represents \ a \ an \ the \ "The $name class" ALWAYS_DETAILED_SEC = NO INLINE_INHERITED_MEMB = NO FULL_PATH_NAMES = YES STRIP_FROM_PATH = STRIP_FROM_INC_PATH = SHORT_NAMES = NO JAVADOC_AUTOBRIEF = NO QT_AUTOBRIEF = NO MULTILINE_CPP_IS_BRIEF = NO INHERIT_DOCS = YES SEPARATE_MEMBER_PAGES = NO TAB_SIZE = 4 ALIASES = TCL_SUBST = OPTIMIZE_OUTPUT_FOR_C = NO OPTIMIZE_OUTPUT_JAVA = YES OPTIMIZE_FOR_FORTRAN = NO OPTIMIZE_OUTPUT_VHDL = NO EXTENSION_MAPPING = MARKDOWN_SUPPORT = YES AUTOLINK_SUPPORT = YES BUILTIN_STL_SUPPORT = NO CPP_CLI_SUPPORT = NO SIP_SUPPORT = NO IDL_PROPERTY_SUPPORT = YES DISTRIBUTE_GROUP_DOC = NO SUBGROUPING = YES INLINE_GROUPED_CLASSES = NO INLINE_SIMPLE_STRUCTS = NO TYPEDEF_HIDES_STRUCT = NO LOOKUP_CACHE_SIZE = 0 #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Build related configuration options #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- EXTRACT_ALL = YES EXTRACT_PRIVATE = YES EXTRACT_PACKAGE = NO EXTRACT_STATIC = YES EXTRACT_LOCAL_CLASSES = YES EXTRACT_LOCAL_METHODS = YES EXTRACT_ANON_NSPACES = NO HIDE_UNDOC_MEMBERS = NO HIDE_UNDOC_CLASSES = NO HIDE_FRIEND_COMPOUNDS = NO HIDE_IN_BODY_DOCS = NO INTERNAL_DOCS = NO CASE_SENSE_NAMES = NO HIDE_SCOPE_NAMES = NO SHOW_INCLUDE_FILES = YES SHOW_GROUPED_MEMB_INC = NO FORCE_LOCAL_INCLUDES = NO INLINE_INFO = YES SORT_MEMBER_DOCS = YES SORT_BRIEF_DOCS = NO SORT_MEMBERS_CTORS_1ST = NO SORT_GROUP_NAMES = NO SORT_BY_SCOPE_NAME = NO STRICT_PROTO_MATCHING = NO GENERATE_TODOLIST = YES GENERATE_TESTLIST = YES GENERATE_BUGLIST = YES GENERATE_DEPRECATEDLIST= YES ENABLED_SECTIONS = MAX_INITIALIZER_LINES = 30 SHOW_USED_FILES = YES SHOW_FILES = YES SHOW_NAMESPACES = YES FILE_VERSION_FILTER = LAYOUT_FILE = CITE_BIB_FILES = #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Configuration options related to warning and progress messages #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- QUIET = NO WARNINGS = YES WARN_IF_UNDOCUMENTED = YES WARN_IF_DOC_ERROR = YES WARN_NO_PARAMDOC = NO WARN_FORMAT = "$file:$line: $text" WARN_LOGFILE = #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Configuration options related to the input files #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- INPUT = E:/javatest INPUT_ENCODING = UTF-8 FILE_PATTERNS = *.c \ *.cc \ *.cxx \ *.cpp \ *.c++ \ *.java \ *.ii \ *.ixx \ *.ipp \ *.i++ \ *.inl \ *.idl \ *.ddl \ *.odl \ *.h \ *.hh \ *.hxx \ *.hpp \ *.h++ \ *.cs \ *.d \ *.php \ *.php4 \ *.php5 \ *.phtml \ *.inc \ *.m \ *.markdown \ *.md \ *.mm \ *.dox \ *.py \ *.f90 \ *.f \ *.for \ *.tcl \ *.vhd \ *.vhdl \ *.ucf \ *.qsf \ *.as \ *.js RECURSIVE = NO EXCLUDE = EXCLUDE_SYMLINKS = NO EXCLUDE_PATTERNS = EXCLUDE_SYMBOLS = EXAMPLE_PATH = EXAMPLE_PATTERNS = * EXAMPLE_RECURSIVE = NO IMAGE_PATH = INPUT_FILTER = FILTER_PATTERNS = FILTER_SOURCE_FILES = NO FILTER_SOURCE_PATTERNS = USE_MDFILE_AS_MAINPAGE = #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Configuration options related to source browsing #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOURCE_BROWSER = NO INLINE_SOURCES = NO STRIP_CODE_COMMENTS = YES REFERENCED_BY_RELATION = NO REFERENCES_RELATION = NO REFERENCES_LINK_SOURCE = YES SOURCE_TOOLTIPS = YES USE_HTAGS = NO VERBATIM_HEADERS = YES CLANG_ASSISTED_PARSING = NO CLANG_OPTIONS = #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Configuration options related to the alphabetical class index #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ALPHABETICAL_INDEX = YES COLS_IN_ALPHA_INDEX = 5 IGNORE_PREFIX = #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Configuration options related to the HTML output #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- GENERATE_HTML = YES HTML_OUTPUT = html HTML_FILE_EXTENSION = .html HTML_HEADER = HTML_FOOTER = HTML_STYLESHEET = HTML_EXTRA_STYLESHEET = HTML_EXTRA_FILES = HTML_COLORSTYLE_HUE = 220 HTML_COLORSTYLE_SAT = 100 HTML_COLORSTYLE_GAMMA = 80 HTML_TIMESTAMP = YES HTML_DYNAMIC_SECTIONS = NO HTML_INDEX_NUM_ENTRIES = 100 GENERATE_DOCSET = NO DOCSET_FEEDNAME = "Doxygen generated docs" DOCSET_BUNDLE_ID = org.doxygen.Project DOCSET_PUBLISHER_ID = org.doxygen.Publisher DOCSET_PUBLISHER_NAME = Publisher GENERATE_HTMLHELP = NO CHM_FILE = HHC_LOCATION = GENERATE_CHI = NO CHM_INDEX_ENCODING = BINARY_TOC = NO TOC_EXPAND = NO GENERATE_QHP = NO QCH_FILE = QHP_NAMESPACE = org.doxygen.Project QHP_VIRTUAL_FOLDER = doc QHP_CUST_FILTER_NAME = QHP_CUST_FILTER_ATTRS = QHP_SECT_FILTER_ATTRS = QHG_LOCATION = GENERATE_ECLIPSEHELP = NO ECLIPSE_DOC_ID = org.doxygen.Project DISABLE_INDEX = NO GENERATE_TREEVIEW = YES ENUM_VALUES_PER_LINE = 4 TREEVIEW_WIDTH = 250 EXT_LINKS_IN_WINDOW = NO FORMULA_FONTSIZE = 10 FORMULA_TRANSPARENT = YES USE_MATHJAX = NO MATHJAX_FORMAT = HTML-CSS MATHJAX_RELPATH = http://cdn.mathjax.org/mathjax/latest MATHJAX_EXTENSIONS = MATHJAX_CODEFILE = SEARCHENGINE = YES SERVER_BASED_SEARCH = NO EXTERNAL_SEARCH = NO SEARCHENGINE_URL = SEARCHDATA_FILE = searchdata.xml EXTERNAL_SEARCH_ID = EXTRA_SEARCH_MAPPINGS = #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Configuration options related to the LaTeX output #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- GENERATE_LATEX = YES LATEX_OUTPUT = latex LATEX_CMD_NAME = latex MAKEINDEX_CMD_NAME = makeindex COMPACT_LATEX = NO PAPER_TYPE = a4 EXTRA_PACKAGES = LATEX_HEADER = LATEX_FOOTER = LATEX_EXTRA_FILES = PDF_HYPERLINKS = YES USE_PDFLATEX = YES LATEX_BATCHMODE = NO LATEX_HIDE_INDICES = NO LATEX_SOURCE_CODE = NO LATEX_BIB_STYLE = plain #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Configuration options related to the RTF output #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- GENERATE_RTF = NO RTF_OUTPUT = rtf COMPACT_RTF = NO RTF_HYPERLINKS = NO RTF_STYLESHEET_FILE = RTF_EXTENSIONS_FILE = #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Configuration options related to the man page output #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- GENERATE_MAN = NO MAN_OUTPUT = man MAN_EXTENSION = .3 MAN_SUBDIR = MAN_LINKS = NO #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Configuration options related to the XML output #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- GENERATE_XML = NO XML_OUTPUT = xml XML_PROGRAMLISTING = YES #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Configuration options related to the DOCBOOK output #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- GENERATE_DOCBOOK = NO DOCBOOK_OUTPUT = docbook DOCBOOK_PROGRAMLISTING = NO #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Configuration options for the AutoGen Definitions output #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- GENERATE_AUTOGEN_DEF = NO #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Configuration options related to the Perl module output #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- GENERATE_PERLMOD = NO PERLMOD_LATEX = NO PERLMOD_PRETTY = YES PERLMOD_MAKEVAR_PREFIX = #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Configuration options related to the preprocessor #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- ENABLE_PREPROCESSING = YES MACRO_EXPANSION = NO EXPAND_ONLY_PREDEF = NO SEARCH_INCLUDES = YES INCLUDE_PATH = INCLUDE_FILE_PATTERNS = PREDEFINED = EXPAND_AS_DEFINED = SKIP_FUNCTION_MACROS = YES #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Configuration options related to external references #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- TAGFILES = GENERATE_TAGFILE = ALLEXTERNALS = NO EXTERNAL_GROUPS = YES EXTERNAL_PAGES = YES PERL_PATH = /usr/bin/perl #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Configuration options related to the dot tool #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- CLASS_DIAGRAMS = YES MSCGEN_PATH = DIA_PATH = HIDE_UNDOC_RELATIONS = YES HAVE_DOT = YES DOT_NUM_THREADS = 0 DOT_FONTNAME = Helvetica DOT_FONTSIZE = 10 DOT_FONTPATH = CLASS_GRAPH = YES COLLABORATION_GRAPH = YES GROUP_GRAPHS = YES UML_LOOK = YES UML_LIMIT_NUM_FIELDS = 10 TEMPLATE_RELATIONS = NO INCLUDE_GRAPH = YES INCLUDED_BY_GRAPH = YES CALL_GRAPH = YES CALLER_GRAPH = YES GRAPHICAL_HIERARCHY = YES DIRECTORY_GRAPH = YES DOT_IMAGE_FORMAT = png INTERACTIVE_SVG = YES DOT_PATH = "D:/Program Files (x86)/Graphviz2.38/bin" DOTFILE_DIRS = MSCFILE_DIRS = DIAFILE_DIRS = PLANTUML_JAR_PATH = DOT_GRAPH_MAX_NODES = 50 MAX_DOT_GRAPH_DEPTH = 0 DOT_TRANSPARENT = NO DOT_MULTI_TARGETS = NO GENERATE_LEGEND = YES DOT_CLEANUP = YES
點Run doxygen即可開始解析並生成類之間的關系圖。
點Show HTML output進行查看。選擇Class->Class Hierarchy查看類的繼承圖。下圖為java.util包中的類繼承圖的一部分，另存為可以查看大圖。
