參考資料：
USB Port Insert / Remove detection using WMI
USB Port Insert / Remove detection using WMI (Source Code)
下載：
實現類代碼：
USBWatcher.cs
/* ---------------------------------------------------------- 文件名稱：WMIUsbWatcher.cs 作者：秦建輝 MSN：splashcn@msn.com QQ：36748897 博客：http://blog.csdn.net/jhqin 開發環境： Visual Studio V2010 .NET Framework 4 Client Profile 版本歷史： V1.1 2011年08月19日 增加對插拔USB設備的定位 V1.0 2011年08月18日 基於WMI實現對插拔USB設備的監視 ------------------------------------------------------------ */
using System; using System.Management; namespace Splash.IO.PORTS { /// <summary>
/// USB控制設備類型 /// </summary>
public struct USBControllerDevice { /// <summary>
/// USB控制器設備ID /// </summary>
public String Antecedent; /// <summary>
/// USB即插即用設備ID /// </summary>
public String Dependent; } /// <summary>
/// 監視USB插拔 /// </summary>
public partial class USB { /// <summary>
/// USB插入事件監視 /// </summary>
private ManagementEventWatcher insertWatcher = null; /// <summary>
/// USB拔出事件監視 /// </summary>
private ManagementEventWatcher removeWatcher = null; /// <summary>
/// 添加USB事件監視器 /// </summary>
/// <param name="usbInsertHandler">USB插入事件處理器</param>
/// <param name="usbRemoveHandler">USB拔出事件處理器</param>
/// <param name="withinInterval">發送通知允許的滯后時間</param>
public Boolean AddUSBEventWatcher(EventArrivedEventHandler usbInsertHandler, EventArrivedEventHandler usbRemoveHandler, TimeSpan withinInterval) { try { ManagementScope Scope = new ManagementScope("root\\CIMV2"); Scope.Options.EnablePrivileges = true; // USB插入監視
if (usbInsertHandler != null) { WqlEventQuery InsertQuery = new WqlEventQuery("__InstanceCreationEvent", withinInterval, "TargetInstance isa 'Win32_USBControllerDevice'"); insertWatcher = new ManagementEventWatcher(Scope, InsertQuery); insertWatcher.EventArrived += usbInsertHandler; insertWatcher.Start(); } // USB拔出監視
if (usbRemoveHandler != null) { WqlEventQuery RemoveQuery = new WqlEventQuery("__InstanceDeletionEvent", withinInterval, "TargetInstance isa 'Win32_USBControllerDevice'"); removeWatcher = new ManagementEventWatcher(Scope, RemoveQuery); removeWatcher.EventArrived += usbRemoveHandler; removeWatcher.Start(); } return true; } catch (Exception) { RemoveUSBEventWatcher(); return false; } } /// <summary>
/// 移去USB事件監視器 /// </summary>
public void RemoveUSBEventWatcher() { if (insertWatcher != null) { insertWatcher.Stop(); insertWatcher = null; } if (removeWatcher != null) { removeWatcher.Stop(); removeWatcher = null; } } /// <summary>
/// 定位發生插拔的USB設備 /// </summary>
/// <param name="e">USB插拔事件參數</param>
/// <returns>發生插拔現象的USB控制設備ID</returns>
public static USBControllerDevice[] WhoUSBControllerDevice(EventArrivedEventArgs e) { ManagementBaseObject mbo = e.NewEvent["TargetInstance"] as ManagementBaseObject; if (mbo != null && mbo.ClassPath.ClassName == "Win32_USBControllerDevice") { String Antecedent = (mbo["Antecedent"] as String).Replace("\"", String.Empty).Split(new Char[] { '=' })[1]; String Dependent = (mbo["Dependent"] as String).Replace("\"", String.Empty).Split(new Char[] { '=' })[1]; return new USBControllerDevice[1] { new USBControllerDevice { Antecedent = Antecedent, Dependent = Dependent } }; } return null; } } }
調用示例（線程安全）：
using System; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.Management; using Splash.IO.PORTS; namespace Splash { public partial class Form1 : Form { USB ezUSB = new USB(); public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { ezUSB.AddUSBEventWatcher(USBEventHandler, USBEventHandler, new TimeSpan(0, 0, 3)); } private void Form1_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e) { ezUSB.RemoveUSBEventWatcher(); } private void USBEventHandler(Object sender, EventArrivedEventArgs e) { if (e.NewEvent.ClassPath.ClassName == "__InstanceCreationEvent") { this.SetText("USB插入時間：" + DateTime.Now + "\r\n"); } else if (e.NewEvent.ClassPath.ClassName == "__InstanceDeletionEvent") { this.SetText("USB拔出時間：" + DateTime.Now + "\r\n"); } foreach (USBControllerDevice Device in USB.WhoUSBControllerDevice(e)) { this.SetText("\tAntecedent：" + Device.Antecedent + "\r\n"); this.SetText("\tDependent：" + Device.Dependent + "\r\n"); } } // 對 Windows 窗體控件進行線程安全調用
private void SetText(String text) { if (this.textBox1.InvokeRequired) { this.textBox1.BeginInvoke(new Action<String>((msg) => { this.textBox1.AppendText(msg); }), text); } else { this.textBox1.AppendText(text); } } } }
演示界面：
C#：基於WMI查詢USB設備
/* ---------------------------------------------------------- 文件名稱：WMIUsbQuery.cs 作者：秦建輝 MSN：splashcn@msn.com QQ：36748897 博客：http://blog.csdn.net/jhqin 開發環境： Visual Studio V2010 .NET Framework 4 Client Profile 版本歷史： V1.3 2011年09月08日 代碼優化 V1.2 2011年09月02日 增加基於服務的查詢 V1.1 2011年09月01日 增加基於設備ID的查詢，解決LIKE子句中反斜杠字符引發的WQL查詢異常 V1.0 2011年08月30日 基於WMI實現對USB設備的查詢 ------------------------------------------------------------ */ using System; using System.Management; using System.Text.RegularExpressions; using System.Collections.Generic; namespace Splash.IO.PORTS { /// <summary> /// 即插即用設備信息結構 /// </summary> public struct PnPEntityInfo { public String PNPDeviceID; // 設備ID public String Name; // 設備名稱 public String Description; // 設備描述 public String Service; // 服務 public String Status; // 設備狀態 public UInt16 VendorID; // 供應商標識 public UInt16 ProductID; // 產品編號 public Guid ClassGuid; // 設備安裝類GUID } /// <summary> /// 基於WMI獲取USB設備信息 /// </summary> public partial class USB { #region UsbDevice /// <summary> /// 獲取所有的USB設備實體（過濾沒有VID和PID的設備） /// </summary> public static PnPEntityInfo[] AllUsbDevices { get { return WhoUsbDevice(UInt16.MinValue, UInt16.MinValue, Guid.Empty); } } /// <summary> /// 查詢USB設備實體（設備要求有VID和PID） /// </summary> /// <param name="VendorID">供應商標識，MinValue忽視</param> /// <param name="ProductID">產品編號，MinValue忽視</param> /// <param name="ClassGuid">設備安裝類Guid，Empty忽視</param> /// <returns>設備列表</returns> public static PnPEntityInfo[] WhoUsbDevice(UInt16 VendorID, UInt16 ProductID, Guid ClassGuid) { List<PnPEntityInfo> UsbDevices = new List<PnPEntityInfo>(); // 獲取USB控制器及其相關聯的設備實體 ManagementObjectCollection USBControllerDeviceCollection = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_USBControllerDevice").Get(); if (USBControllerDeviceCollection != null) { foreach (ManagementObject USBControllerDevice in USBControllerDeviceCollection) { // 獲取設備實體的DeviceID String Dependent = (USBControllerDevice["Dependent"] as String).Split(new Char[] { '=' })[1]; // 過濾掉沒有VID和PID的USB設備 Match match = Regex.Match(Dependent, "VID_[0-9|A-F]{4}&PID_[0-9|A-F]{4}"); if (match.Success) { UInt16 theVendorID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(4, 4), 16); // 供應商標識 if (VendorID != UInt16.MinValue && VendorID != theVendorID) continue; UInt16 theProductID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(13, 4), 16); // 產品編號 if (ProductID != UInt16.MinValue && ProductID != theProductID) continue; ManagementObjectCollection PnPEntityCollection = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity WHERE DeviceID=" + Dependent).Get(); if (PnPEntityCollection != null) { foreach (ManagementObject Entity in PnPEntityCollection) { Guid theClassGuid = new Guid(Entity["ClassGuid"] as String); // 設備安裝類GUID if (ClassGuid != Guid.Empty && ClassGuid != theClassGuid) continue; PnPEntityInfo Element; Element.PNPDeviceID = Entity["PNPDeviceID"] as String; // 設備ID Element.Name = Entity["Name"] as String; // 設備名稱 Element.Description = Entity["Description"] as String; // 設備描述 Element.Service = Entity["Service"] as String; // 服務 Element.Status = Entity["Status"] as String; // 設備狀態 Element.VendorID = theVendorID; // 供應商標識 Element.ProductID = theProductID; // 產品編號 Element.ClassGuid = theClassGuid; // 設備安裝類GUID UsbDevices.Add(Element); } } } } } if (UsbDevices.Count == 0) return null; else return UsbDevices.ToArray(); } /// <summary> /// 查詢USB設備實體（設備要求有VID和PID） /// </summary> /// <param name="VendorID">供應商標識，MinValue忽視</param> /// <param name="ProductID">產品編號，MinValue忽視</param> /// <returns>設備列表</returns> public static PnPEntityInfo[] WhoUsbDevice(UInt16 VendorID, UInt16 ProductID) { return WhoUsbDevice(VendorID, ProductID, Guid.Empty); } /// <summary> /// 查詢USB設備實體（設備要求有VID和PID） /// </summary> /// <param name="ClassGuid">設備安裝類Guid，Empty忽視</param> /// <returns>設備列表</returns> public static PnPEntityInfo[] WhoUsbDevice(Guid ClassGuid) { return WhoUsbDevice(UInt16.MinValue, UInt16.MinValue, ClassGuid); } /// <summary> /// 查詢USB設備實體（設備要求有VID和PID） /// </summary> /// <param name="PNPDeviceID">設備ID，可以是不完整信息</param> /// <returns>設備列表</returns> public static PnPEntityInfo[] WhoUsbDevice(String PNPDeviceID) { List<PnPEntityInfo> UsbDevices = new List<PnPEntityInfo>(); // 獲取USB控制器及其相關聯的設備實體 ManagementObjectCollection USBControllerDeviceCollection = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_USBControllerDevice").Get(); if (USBControllerDeviceCollection != null) { foreach (ManagementObject USBControllerDevice in USBControllerDeviceCollection) { // 獲取設備實體的DeviceID String Dependent = (USBControllerDevice["Dependent"] as String).Split(new Char[] { '=' })[1]; if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(PNPDeviceID)) { // 注意：忽視大小寫 if (Dependent.IndexOf(PNPDeviceID, 1, PNPDeviceID.Length - 2, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) == -1) continue; } // 過濾掉沒有VID和PID的USB設備 Match match = Regex.Match(Dependent, "VID_[0-9|A-F]{4}&PID_[0-9|A-F]{4}"); if (match.Success) { ManagementObjectCollection PnPEntityCollection = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity WHERE DeviceID=" + Dependent).Get(); if (PnPEntityCollection != null) { foreach (ManagementObject Entity in PnPEntityCollection) { PnPEntityInfo Element; Element.PNPDeviceID = Entity["PNPDeviceID"] as String; // 設備ID Element.Name = Entity["Name"] as String; // 設備名稱 Element.Description = Entity["Description"] as String; // 設備描述 Element.Service = Entity["Service"] as String; // 服務 Element.Status = Entity["Status"] as String; // 設備狀態 Element.VendorID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(4, 4), 16); // 供應商標識 Element.ProductID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(13, 4), 16); // 產品編號 // 產品編號 Element.ClassGuid = new Guid(Entity["ClassGuid"] as String); // 設備安裝類GUID UsbDevices.Add(Element); } } } } } if (UsbDevices.Count == 0) return null; else return UsbDevices.ToArray(); } /// <summary> /// 根據服務定位USB設備 /// </summary> /// <param name="ServiceCollection">要查詢的服務集合</param> /// <returns>設備列表</returns> public static PnPEntityInfo[] WhoUsbDevice(String[] ServiceCollection) { if (ServiceCollection == null || ServiceCollection.Length == 0) return WhoUsbDevice(UInt16.MinValue, UInt16.MinValue, Guid.Empty); List<PnPEntityInfo> UsbDevices = new List<PnPEntityInfo>(); // 獲取USB控制器及其相關聯的設備實體 ManagementObjectCollection USBControllerDeviceCollection = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_USBControllerDevice").Get(); if (USBControllerDeviceCollection != null) { foreach (ManagementObject USBControllerDevice in USBControllerDeviceCollection) { // 獲取設備實體的DeviceID String Dependent = (USBControllerDevice["Dependent"] as String).Split(new Char[] { '=' })[1]; // 過濾掉沒有VID和PID的USB設備 Match match = Regex.Match(Dependent, "VID_[0-9|A-F]{4}&PID_[0-9|A-F]{4}"); if (match.Success) { ManagementObjectCollection PnPEntityCollection = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity WHERE DeviceID=" + Dependent).Get(); if (PnPEntityCollection != null) { foreach (ManagementObject Entity in PnPEntityCollection) { String theService = Entity["Service"] as String; // 服務 if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(theService)) continue; foreach (String Service in ServiceCollection) { // 注意：忽視大小寫 if (String.Compare(theService, Service, true) != 0) continue; PnPEntityInfo Element; Element.PNPDeviceID = Entity["PNPDeviceID"] as String; // 設備ID Element.Name = Entity["Name"] as String; // 設備名稱 Element.Description = Entity["Description"] as String; // 設備描述 Element.Service = theService; // 服務 Element.Status = Entity["Status"] as String; // 設備狀態 Element.VendorID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(4, 4), 16); // 供應商標識 Element.ProductID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(13, 4), 16); // 產品編號 Element.ClassGuid = new Guid(Entity["ClassGuid"] as String); // 設備安裝類GUID UsbDevices.Add(Element); break; } } } } } } if (UsbDevices.Count == 0) return null; else return UsbDevices.ToArray(); } #endregion #region PnPEntity /// <summary> /// 所有即插即用設備實體（過濾沒有VID和PID的設備） /// </summary> public static PnPEntityInfo[] AllPnPEntities { get { return WhoPnPEntity(UInt16.MinValue, UInt16.MinValue, Guid.Empty); } } /// <summary> /// 根據VID和PID及設備安裝類GUID定位即插即用設備實體 /// </summary> /// <param name="VendorID">供應商標識，MinValue忽視</param> /// <param name="ProductID">產品編號，MinValue忽視</param> /// <param name="ClassGuid">設備安裝類Guid，Empty忽視</param> /// <returns>設備列表</returns> /// <remarks> /// HID：{745a17a0-74d3-11d0-b6fe-00a0c90f57da} /// Imaging Device：{6bdd1fc6-810f-11d0-bec7-08002be2092f} /// Keyboard：{4d36e96b-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318} /// Mouse：{4d36e96f-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318} /// Network Adapter：{4d36e972-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318} /// USB：{36fc9e60-c465-11cf-8056-444553540000} /// </remarks> public static PnPEntityInfo[] WhoPnPEntity(UInt16 VendorID, UInt16 ProductID, Guid ClassGuid) { List<PnPEntityInfo> PnPEntities = new List<PnPEntityInfo>(); // 枚舉即插即用設備實體 String VIDPID; if (VendorID == UInt16.MinValue) { if (ProductID == UInt16.MinValue) VIDPID = "'%VID[_]____&PID[_]____%'"; else VIDPID = "'%VID[_]____&PID[_]" + ProductID.ToString("X4") + "%'"; } else { if (ProductID == UInt16.MinValue) VIDPID = "'%VID[_]" + VendorID.ToString("X4") + "&PID[_]____%'"; else VIDPID = "'%VID[_]" + VendorID.ToString("X4") + "&PID[_]" + ProductID.ToString("X4") + "%'"; } String QueryString; if (ClassGuid == Guid.Empty) QueryString = "SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity WHERE PNPDeviceID LIKE" + VIDPID; else QueryString = "SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity WHERE PNPDeviceID LIKE" + VIDPID + " AND ClassGuid='" + ClassGuid.ToString("B") + "'"; ManagementObjectCollection PnPEntityCollection = new ManagementObjectSearcher(QueryString).Get(); if (PnPEntityCollection != null) { foreach (ManagementObject Entity in PnPEntityCollection) { String PNPDeviceID = Entity["PNPDeviceID"] as String; Match match = Regex.Match(PNPDeviceID, "VID_[0-9|A-F]{4}&PID_[0-9|A-F]{4}"); if (match.Success) { PnPEntityInfo Element; Element.PNPDeviceID = PNPDeviceID; // 設備ID Element.Name = Entity["Name"] as String; // 設備名稱 Element.Description = Entity["Description"] as String; // 設備描述 Element.Service = Entity["Service"] as String; // 服務 Element.Status = Entity["Status"] as String; // 設備狀態 Element.VendorID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(4, 4), 16); // 供應商標識 Element.ProductID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(13, 4), 16); // 產品編號 Element.ClassGuid = new Guid(Entity["ClassGuid"] as String); // 設備安裝類GUID PnPEntities.Add(Element); } } } if (PnPEntities.Count == 0) return null; else return PnPEntities.ToArray(); } /// <summary> /// 根據VID和PID定位即插即用設備實體 /// </summary> /// <param name="VendorID">供應商標識，MinValue忽視</param> /// <param name="ProductID">產品編號，MinValue忽視</param> /// <returns>設備列表</returns> public static PnPEntityInfo[] WhoPnPEntity(UInt16 VendorID, UInt16 ProductID) { return WhoPnPEntity(VendorID, ProductID, Guid.Empty); } /// <summary> /// 根據設備安裝類GUID定位即插即用設備實體 /// </summary> /// <param name="ClassGuid">設備安裝類Guid，Empty忽視</param> /// <returns>設備列表</returns> public static PnPEntityInfo[] WhoPnPEntity(Guid ClassGuid) { return WhoPnPEntity(UInt16.MinValue, UInt16.MinValue, ClassGuid); } /// <summary> /// 根據設備ID定位設備 /// </summary> /// <param name="PNPDeviceID">設備ID，可以是不完整信息</param> /// <returns>設備列表</returns> /// <remarks> /// 注意：對於下划線，需要寫成“[_]”，否則視為任意字符 /// </remarks> public static PnPEntityInfo[] WhoPnPEntity(String PNPDeviceID) { List<PnPEntityInfo> PnPEntities = new List<PnPEntityInfo>(); // 枚舉即插即用設備實體 String QueryString; if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(PNPDeviceID)) { QueryString = "SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity WHERE PNPDeviceID LIKE '%VID[_]____&PID[_]____%'"; } else { // LIKE子句中有反斜杠字符將會引發WQL查詢異常 QueryString = "SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity WHERE PNPDeviceID LIKE '%" + PNPDeviceID.Replace('\\', '_') + "%'"; } ManagementObjectCollection PnPEntityCollection = new ManagementObjectSearcher(QueryString).Get(); if (PnPEntityCollection != null) { foreach (ManagementObject Entity in PnPEntityCollection) { String thePNPDeviceID = Entity["PNPDeviceID"] as String; Match match = Regex.Match(thePNPDeviceID, "VID_[0-9|A-F]{4}&PID_[0-9|A-F]{4}"); if (match.Success) { PnPEntityInfo Element; Element.PNPDeviceID = thePNPDeviceID; // 設備ID Element.Name = Entity["Name"] as String; // 設備名稱 Element.Description = Entity["Description"] as String; // 設備描述 Element.Service = Entity["Service"] as String; // 服務 Element.Status = Entity["Status"] as String; // 設備狀態 Element.VendorID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(4, 4), 16); // 供應商標識 Element.ProductID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(13, 4), 16); // 產品編號 Element.ClassGuid = new Guid(Entity["ClassGuid"] as String); // 設備安裝類GUID PnPEntities.Add(Element); } } } if (PnPEntities.Count == 0) return null; else return PnPEntities.ToArray(); } /// <summary> /// 根據服務定位設備 /// </summary> /// <param name="ServiceCollection">要查詢的服務集合，null忽視</param> /// <returns>設備列表</returns> /// <remarks> /// 跟服務相關的類： /// Win32_SystemDriverPNPEntity /// Win32_SystemDriver /// </remarks> public static PnPEntityInfo[] WhoPnPEntity(String[] ServiceCollection) { if (ServiceCollection == null || ServiceCollection.Length == 0) return WhoPnPEntity(UInt16.MinValue, UInt16.MinValue, Guid.Empty); List<PnPEntityInfo> PnPEntities = new List<PnPEntityInfo>(); // 枚舉即插即用設備實體 String QueryString = "SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity WHERE PNPDeviceID LIKE '%VID[_]____&PID[_]____%'"; ManagementObjectCollection PnPEntityCollection = new ManagementObjectSearcher(QueryString).Get(); if (PnPEntityCollection != null) { foreach (ManagementObject Entity in PnPEntityCollection) { String PNPDeviceID = Entity["PNPDeviceID"] as String; Match match = Regex.Match(PNPDeviceID, "VID_[0-9|A-F]{4}&PID_[0-9|A-F]{4}"); if (match.Success) { String theService = Entity["Service"] as String; // 服務 if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(theService)) continue; foreach (String Service in ServiceCollection) { // 注意：忽視大小寫 if (String.Compare(theService, Service, true) != 0) continue; PnPEntityInfo Element; Element.PNPDeviceID = PNPDeviceID; // 設備ID Element.Name = Entity["Name"] as String; // 設備名稱 Element.Description = Entity["Description"] as String; // 設備描述 Element.Service = theService; // 服務 Element.Status = Entity["Status"] as String; // 設備狀態 Element.VendorID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(4, 4), 16); // 供應商標識 Element.ProductID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(13, 4), 16); // 產品編號 Element.ClassGuid = new Guid(Entity["ClassGuid"] as String); // 設備安裝類GUID PnPEntities.Add(Element); break; } } } } if (PnPEntities.Count == 0) return null; else return PnPEntities.ToArray(); } #endregion } }