参考资料：
USB Port Insert / Remove detection using WMI
USB Port Insert / Remove detection using WMI (Source Code)
下载：
实现类代码：
USBWatcher.cs
/* ---------------------------------------------------------- 文件名称：WMIUsbWatcher.cs 作者：秦建辉 MSN：splashcn@msn.com QQ：36748897 博客：http://blog.csdn.net/jhqin 开发环境： Visual Studio V2010 .NET Framework 4 Client Profile 版本历史： V1.1 2011年08月19日 增加对插拔USB设备的定位 V1.0 2011年08月18日 基于WMI实现对插拔USB设备的监视 ------------------------------------------------------------ */
using System; using System.Management; namespace Splash.IO.PORTS { /// <summary>
/// USB控制设备类型 /// </summary>
public struct USBControllerDevice { /// <summary>
/// USB控制器设备ID /// </summary>
public String Antecedent; /// <summary>
/// USB即插即用设备ID /// </summary>
public String Dependent; } /// <summary>
/// 监视USB插拔 /// </summary>
public partial class USB { /// <summary>
/// USB插入事件监视 /// </summary>
private ManagementEventWatcher insertWatcher = null; /// <summary>
/// USB拔出事件监视 /// </summary>
private ManagementEventWatcher removeWatcher = null; /// <summary>
/// 添加USB事件监视器 /// </summary>
/// <param name="usbInsertHandler">USB插入事件处理器</param>
/// <param name="usbRemoveHandler">USB拔出事件处理器</param>
/// <param name="withinInterval">发送通知允许的滞后时间</param>
public Boolean AddUSBEventWatcher(EventArrivedEventHandler usbInsertHandler, EventArrivedEventHandler usbRemoveHandler, TimeSpan withinInterval) { try { ManagementScope Scope = new ManagementScope("root\\CIMV2"); Scope.Options.EnablePrivileges = true; // USB插入监视
if (usbInsertHandler != null) { WqlEventQuery InsertQuery = new WqlEventQuery("__InstanceCreationEvent", withinInterval, "TargetInstance isa 'Win32_USBControllerDevice'"); insertWatcher = new ManagementEventWatcher(Scope, InsertQuery); insertWatcher.EventArrived += usbInsertHandler; insertWatcher.Start(); } // USB拔出监视
if (usbRemoveHandler != null) { WqlEventQuery RemoveQuery = new WqlEventQuery("__InstanceDeletionEvent", withinInterval, "TargetInstance isa 'Win32_USBControllerDevice'"); removeWatcher = new ManagementEventWatcher(Scope, RemoveQuery); removeWatcher.EventArrived += usbRemoveHandler; removeWatcher.Start(); } return true; } catch (Exception) { RemoveUSBEventWatcher(); return false; } } /// <summary>
/// 移去USB事件监视器 /// </summary>
public void RemoveUSBEventWatcher() { if (insertWatcher != null) { insertWatcher.Stop(); insertWatcher = null; } if (removeWatcher != null) { removeWatcher.Stop(); removeWatcher = null; } } /// <summary>
/// 定位发生插拔的USB设备 /// </summary>
/// <param name="e">USB插拔事件参数</param>
/// <returns>发生插拔现象的USB控制设备ID</returns>
public static USBControllerDevice[] WhoUSBControllerDevice(EventArrivedEventArgs e) { ManagementBaseObject mbo = e.NewEvent["TargetInstance"] as ManagementBaseObject; if (mbo != null && mbo.ClassPath.ClassName == "Win32_USBControllerDevice") { String Antecedent = (mbo["Antecedent"] as String).Replace("\"", String.Empty).Split(new Char[] { '=' })[1]; String Dependent = (mbo["Dependent"] as String).Replace("\"", String.Empty).Split(new Char[] { '=' })[1]; return new USBControllerDevice[1] { new USBControllerDevice { Antecedent = Antecedent, Dependent = Dependent } }; } return null; } } }
调用示例（线程安全）：
using System; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.Management; using Splash.IO.PORTS; namespace Splash { public partial class Form1 : Form { USB ezUSB = new USB(); public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { ezUSB.AddUSBEventWatcher(USBEventHandler, USBEventHandler, new TimeSpan(0, 0, 3)); } private void Form1_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e) { ezUSB.RemoveUSBEventWatcher(); } private void USBEventHandler(Object sender, EventArrivedEventArgs e) { if (e.NewEvent.ClassPath.ClassName == "__InstanceCreationEvent") { this.SetText("USB插入时间：" + DateTime.Now + "\r\n"); } else if (e.NewEvent.ClassPath.ClassName == "__InstanceDeletionEvent") { this.SetText("USB拔出时间：" + DateTime.Now + "\r\n"); } foreach (USBControllerDevice Device in USB.WhoUSBControllerDevice(e)) { this.SetText("\tAntecedent：" + Device.Antecedent + "\r\n"); this.SetText("\tDependent：" + Device.Dependent + "\r\n"); } } // 对 Windows 窗体控件进行线程安全调用
private void SetText(String text) { if (this.textBox1.InvokeRequired) { this.textBox1.BeginInvoke(new Action<String>((msg) => { this.textBox1.AppendText(msg); }), text); } else { this.textBox1.AppendText(text); } } } }
演示界面：
C#：基于WMI查询USB设备
/* ---------------------------------------------------------- 文件名称：WMIUsbQuery.cs 作者：秦建辉 MSN：splashcn@msn.com QQ：36748897 博客：http://blog.csdn.net/jhqin 开发环境： Visual Studio V2010 .NET Framework 4 Client Profile 版本历史： V1.3 2011年09月08日 代码优化 V1.2 2011年09月02日 增加基于服务的查询 V1.1 2011年09月01日 增加基于设备ID的查询，解决LIKE子句中反斜杠字符引发的WQL查询异常 V1.0 2011年08月30日 基于WMI实现对USB设备的查询 ------------------------------------------------------------ */ using System; using System.Management; using System.Text.RegularExpressions; using System.Collections.Generic; namespace Splash.IO.PORTS { /// <summary> /// 即插即用设备信息结构 /// </summary> public struct PnPEntityInfo { public String PNPDeviceID; // 设备ID public String Name; // 设备名称 public String Description; // 设备描述 public String Service; // 服务 public String Status; // 设备状态 public UInt16 VendorID; // 供应商标识 public UInt16 ProductID; // 产品编号 public Guid ClassGuid; // 设备安装类GUID } /// <summary> /// 基于WMI获取USB设备信息 /// </summary> public partial class USB { #region UsbDevice /// <summary> /// 获取所有的USB设备实体（过滤没有VID和PID的设备） /// </summary> public static PnPEntityInfo[] AllUsbDevices { get { return WhoUsbDevice(UInt16.MinValue, UInt16.MinValue, Guid.Empty); } } /// <summary> /// 查询USB设备实体（设备要求有VID和PID） /// </summary> /// <param name="VendorID">供应商标识，MinValue忽视</param> /// <param name="ProductID">产品编号，MinValue忽视</param> /// <param name="ClassGuid">设备安装类Guid，Empty忽视</param> /// <returns>设备列表</returns> public static PnPEntityInfo[] WhoUsbDevice(UInt16 VendorID, UInt16 ProductID, Guid ClassGuid) { List<PnPEntityInfo> UsbDevices = new List<PnPEntityInfo>(); // 获取USB控制器及其相关联的设备实体 ManagementObjectCollection USBControllerDeviceCollection = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_USBControllerDevice").Get(); if (USBControllerDeviceCollection != null) { foreach (ManagementObject USBControllerDevice in USBControllerDeviceCollection) { // 获取设备实体的DeviceID String Dependent = (USBControllerDevice["Dependent"] as String).Split(new Char[] { '=' })[1]; // 过滤掉没有VID和PID的USB设备 Match match = Regex.Match(Dependent, "VID_[0-9|A-F]{4}&PID_[0-9|A-F]{4}"); if (match.Success) { UInt16 theVendorID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(4, 4), 16); // 供应商标识 if (VendorID != UInt16.MinValue && VendorID != theVendorID) continue; UInt16 theProductID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(13, 4), 16); // 产品编号 if (ProductID != UInt16.MinValue && ProductID != theProductID) continue; ManagementObjectCollection PnPEntityCollection = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity WHERE DeviceID=" + Dependent).Get(); if (PnPEntityCollection != null) { foreach (ManagementObject Entity in PnPEntityCollection) { Guid theClassGuid = new Guid(Entity["ClassGuid"] as String); // 设备安装类GUID if (ClassGuid != Guid.Empty && ClassGuid != theClassGuid) continue; PnPEntityInfo Element; Element.PNPDeviceID = Entity["PNPDeviceID"] as String; // 设备ID Element.Name = Entity["Name"] as String; // 设备名称 Element.Description = Entity["Description"] as String; // 设备描述 Element.Service = Entity["Service"] as String; // 服务 Element.Status = Entity["Status"] as String; // 设备状态 Element.VendorID = theVendorID; // 供应商标识 Element.ProductID = theProductID; // 产品编号 Element.ClassGuid = theClassGuid; // 设备安装类GUID UsbDevices.Add(Element); } } } } } if (UsbDevices.Count == 0) return null; else return UsbDevices.ToArray(); } /// <summary> /// 查询USB设备实体（设备要求有VID和PID） /// </summary> /// <param name="VendorID">供应商标识，MinValue忽视</param> /// <param name="ProductID">产品编号，MinValue忽视</param> /// <returns>设备列表</returns> public static PnPEntityInfo[] WhoUsbDevice(UInt16 VendorID, UInt16 ProductID) { return WhoUsbDevice(VendorID, ProductID, Guid.Empty); } /// <summary> /// 查询USB设备实体（设备要求有VID和PID） /// </summary> /// <param name="ClassGuid">设备安装类Guid，Empty忽视</param> /// <returns>设备列表</returns> public static PnPEntityInfo[] WhoUsbDevice(Guid ClassGuid) { return WhoUsbDevice(UInt16.MinValue, UInt16.MinValue, ClassGuid); } /// <summary> /// 查询USB设备实体（设备要求有VID和PID） /// </summary> /// <param name="PNPDeviceID">设备ID，可以是不完整信息</param> /// <returns>设备列表</returns> public static PnPEntityInfo[] WhoUsbDevice(String PNPDeviceID) { List<PnPEntityInfo> UsbDevices = new List<PnPEntityInfo>(); // 获取USB控制器及其相关联的设备实体 ManagementObjectCollection USBControllerDeviceCollection = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_USBControllerDevice").Get(); if (USBControllerDeviceCollection != null) { foreach (ManagementObject USBControllerDevice in USBControllerDeviceCollection) { // 获取设备实体的DeviceID String Dependent = (USBControllerDevice["Dependent"] as String).Split(new Char[] { '=' })[1]; if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(PNPDeviceID)) { // 注意：忽视大小写 if (Dependent.IndexOf(PNPDeviceID, 1, PNPDeviceID.Length - 2, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) == -1) continue; } // 过滤掉没有VID和PID的USB设备 Match match = Regex.Match(Dependent, "VID_[0-9|A-F]{4}&PID_[0-9|A-F]{4}"); if (match.Success) { ManagementObjectCollection PnPEntityCollection = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity WHERE DeviceID=" + Dependent).Get(); if (PnPEntityCollection != null) { foreach (ManagementObject Entity in PnPEntityCollection) { PnPEntityInfo Element; Element.PNPDeviceID = Entity["PNPDeviceID"] as String; // 设备ID Element.Name = Entity["Name"] as String; // 设备名称 Element.Description = Entity["Description"] as String; // 设备描述 Element.Service = Entity["Service"] as String; // 服务 Element.Status = Entity["Status"] as String; // 设备状态 Element.VendorID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(4, 4), 16); // 供应商标识 Element.ProductID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(13, 4), 16); // 产品编号 // 产品编号 Element.ClassGuid = new Guid(Entity["ClassGuid"] as String); // 设备安装类GUID UsbDevices.Add(Element); } } } } } if (UsbDevices.Count == 0) return null; else return UsbDevices.ToArray(); } /// <summary> /// 根据服务定位USB设备 /// </summary> /// <param name="ServiceCollection">要查询的服务集合</param> /// <returns>设备列表</returns> public static PnPEntityInfo[] WhoUsbDevice(String[] ServiceCollection) { if (ServiceCollection == null || ServiceCollection.Length == 0) return WhoUsbDevice(UInt16.MinValue, UInt16.MinValue, Guid.Empty); List<PnPEntityInfo> UsbDevices = new List<PnPEntityInfo>(); // 获取USB控制器及其相关联的设备实体 ManagementObjectCollection USBControllerDeviceCollection = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_USBControllerDevice").Get(); if (USBControllerDeviceCollection != null) { foreach (ManagementObject USBControllerDevice in USBControllerDeviceCollection) { // 获取设备实体的DeviceID String Dependent = (USBControllerDevice["Dependent"] as String).Split(new Char[] { '=' })[1]; // 过滤掉没有VID和PID的USB设备 Match match = Regex.Match(Dependent, "VID_[0-9|A-F]{4}&PID_[0-9|A-F]{4}"); if (match.Success) { ManagementObjectCollection PnPEntityCollection = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity WHERE DeviceID=" + Dependent).Get(); if (PnPEntityCollection != null) { foreach (ManagementObject Entity in PnPEntityCollection) { String theService = Entity["Service"] as String; // 服务 if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(theService)) continue; foreach (String Service in ServiceCollection) { // 注意：忽视大小写 if (String.Compare(theService, Service, true) != 0) continue; PnPEntityInfo Element; Element.PNPDeviceID = Entity["PNPDeviceID"] as String; // 设备ID Element.Name = Entity["Name"] as String; // 设备名称 Element.Description = Entity["Description"] as String; // 设备描述 Element.Service = theService; // 服务 Element.Status = Entity["Status"] as String; // 设备状态 Element.VendorID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(4, 4), 16); // 供应商标识 Element.ProductID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(13, 4), 16); // 产品编号 Element.ClassGuid = new Guid(Entity["ClassGuid"] as String); // 设备安装类GUID UsbDevices.Add(Element); break; } } } } } } if (UsbDevices.Count == 0) return null; else return UsbDevices.ToArray(); } #endregion #region PnPEntity /// <summary> /// 所有即插即用设备实体（过滤没有VID和PID的设备） /// </summary> public static PnPEntityInfo[] AllPnPEntities { get { return WhoPnPEntity(UInt16.MinValue, UInt16.MinValue, Guid.Empty); } } /// <summary> /// 根据VID和PID及设备安装类GUID定位即插即用设备实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="VendorID">供应商标识，MinValue忽视</param> /// <param name="ProductID">产品编号，MinValue忽视</param> /// <param name="ClassGuid">设备安装类Guid，Empty忽视</param> /// <returns>设备列表</returns> /// <remarks> /// HID：{745a17a0-74d3-11d0-b6fe-00a0c90f57da} /// Imaging Device：{6bdd1fc6-810f-11d0-bec7-08002be2092f} /// Keyboard：{4d36e96b-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318} /// Mouse：{4d36e96f-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318} /// Network Adapter：{4d36e972-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318} /// USB：{36fc9e60-c465-11cf-8056-444553540000} /// </remarks> public static PnPEntityInfo[] WhoPnPEntity(UInt16 VendorID, UInt16 ProductID, Guid ClassGuid) { List<PnPEntityInfo> PnPEntities = new List<PnPEntityInfo>(); // 枚举即插即用设备实体 String VIDPID; if (VendorID == UInt16.MinValue) { if (ProductID == UInt16.MinValue) VIDPID = "'%VID[_]____&PID[_]____%'"; else VIDPID = "'%VID[_]____&PID[_]" + ProductID.ToString("X4") + "%'"; } else { if (ProductID == UInt16.MinValue) VIDPID = "'%VID[_]" + VendorID.ToString("X4") + "&PID[_]____%'"; else VIDPID = "'%VID[_]" + VendorID.ToString("X4") + "&PID[_]" + ProductID.ToString("X4") + "%'"; } String QueryString; if (ClassGuid == Guid.Empty) QueryString = "SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity WHERE PNPDeviceID LIKE" + VIDPID; else QueryString = "SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity WHERE PNPDeviceID LIKE" + VIDPID + " AND ClassGuid='" + ClassGuid.ToString("B") + "'"; ManagementObjectCollection PnPEntityCollection = new ManagementObjectSearcher(QueryString).Get(); if (PnPEntityCollection != null) { foreach (ManagementObject Entity in PnPEntityCollection) { String PNPDeviceID = Entity["PNPDeviceID"] as String; Match match = Regex.Match(PNPDeviceID, "VID_[0-9|A-F]{4}&PID_[0-9|A-F]{4}"); if (match.Success) { PnPEntityInfo Element; Element.PNPDeviceID = PNPDeviceID; // 设备ID Element.Name = Entity["Name"] as String; // 设备名称 Element.Description = Entity["Description"] as String; // 设备描述 Element.Service = Entity["Service"] as String; // 服务 Element.Status = Entity["Status"] as String; // 设备状态 Element.VendorID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(4, 4), 16); // 供应商标识 Element.ProductID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(13, 4), 16); // 产品编号 Element.ClassGuid = new Guid(Entity["ClassGuid"] as String); // 设备安装类GUID PnPEntities.Add(Element); } } } if (PnPEntities.Count == 0) return null; else return PnPEntities.ToArray(); } /// <summary> /// 根据VID和PID定位即插即用设备实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="VendorID">供应商标识，MinValue忽视</param> /// <param name="ProductID">产品编号，MinValue忽视</param> /// <returns>设备列表</returns> public static PnPEntityInfo[] WhoPnPEntity(UInt16 VendorID, UInt16 ProductID) { return WhoPnPEntity(VendorID, ProductID, Guid.Empty); } /// <summary> /// 根据设备安装类GUID定位即插即用设备实体 /// </summary> /// <param name="ClassGuid">设备安装类Guid，Empty忽视</param> /// <returns>设备列表</returns> public static PnPEntityInfo[] WhoPnPEntity(Guid ClassGuid) { return WhoPnPEntity(UInt16.MinValue, UInt16.MinValue, ClassGuid); } /// <summary> /// 根据设备ID定位设备 /// </summary> /// <param name="PNPDeviceID">设备ID，可以是不完整信息</param> /// <returns>设备列表</returns> /// <remarks> /// 注意：对于下划线，需要写成“[_]”，否则视为任意字符 /// </remarks> public static PnPEntityInfo[] WhoPnPEntity(String PNPDeviceID) { List<PnPEntityInfo> PnPEntities = new List<PnPEntityInfo>(); // 枚举即插即用设备实体 String QueryString; if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(PNPDeviceID)) { QueryString = "SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity WHERE PNPDeviceID LIKE '%VID[_]____&PID[_]____%'"; } else { // LIKE子句中有反斜杠字符将会引发WQL查询异常 QueryString = "SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity WHERE PNPDeviceID LIKE '%" + PNPDeviceID.Replace('\\', '_') + "%'"; } ManagementObjectCollection PnPEntityCollection = new ManagementObjectSearcher(QueryString).Get(); if (PnPEntityCollection != null) { foreach (ManagementObject Entity in PnPEntityCollection) { String thePNPDeviceID = Entity["PNPDeviceID"] as String; Match match = Regex.Match(thePNPDeviceID, "VID_[0-9|A-F]{4}&PID_[0-9|A-F]{4}"); if (match.Success) { PnPEntityInfo Element; Element.PNPDeviceID = thePNPDeviceID; // 设备ID Element.Name = Entity["Name"] as String; // 设备名称 Element.Description = Entity["Description"] as String; // 设备描述 Element.Service = Entity["Service"] as String; // 服务 Element.Status = Entity["Status"] as String; // 设备状态 Element.VendorID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(4, 4), 16); // 供应商标识 Element.ProductID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(13, 4), 16); // 产品编号 Element.ClassGuid = new Guid(Entity["ClassGuid"] as String); // 设备安装类GUID PnPEntities.Add(Element); } } } if (PnPEntities.Count == 0) return null; else return PnPEntities.ToArray(); } /// <summary> /// 根据服务定位设备 /// </summary> /// <param name="ServiceCollection">要查询的服务集合，null忽视</param> /// <returns>设备列表</returns> /// <remarks> /// 跟服务相关的类： /// Win32_SystemDriverPNPEntity /// Win32_SystemDriver /// </remarks> public static PnPEntityInfo[] WhoPnPEntity(String[] ServiceCollection) { if (ServiceCollection == null || ServiceCollection.Length == 0) return WhoPnPEntity(UInt16.MinValue, UInt16.MinValue, Guid.Empty); List<PnPEntityInfo> PnPEntities = new List<PnPEntityInfo>(); // 枚举即插即用设备实体 String QueryString = "SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity WHERE PNPDeviceID LIKE '%VID[_]____&PID[_]____%'"; ManagementObjectCollection PnPEntityCollection = new ManagementObjectSearcher(QueryString).Get(); if (PnPEntityCollection != null) { foreach (ManagementObject Entity in PnPEntityCollection) { String PNPDeviceID = Entity["PNPDeviceID"] as String; Match match = Regex.Match(PNPDeviceID, "VID_[0-9|A-F]{4}&PID_[0-9|A-F]{4}"); if (match.Success) { String theService = Entity["Service"] as String; // 服务 if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(theService)) continue; foreach (String Service in ServiceCollection) { // 注意：忽视大小写 if (String.Compare(theService, Service, true) != 0) continue; PnPEntityInfo Element; Element.PNPDeviceID = PNPDeviceID; // 设备ID Element.Name = Entity["Name"] as String; // 设备名称 Element.Description = Entity["Description"] as String; // 设备描述 Element.Service = theService; // 服务 Element.Status = Entity["Status"] as String; // 设备状态 Element.VendorID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(4, 4), 16); // 供应商标识 Element.ProductID = Convert.ToUInt16(match.Value.Substring(13, 4), 16); // 产品编号 Element.ClassGuid = new Guid(Entity["ClassGuid"] as String); // 设备安装类GUID PnPEntities.Add(Element); break; } } } } if (PnPEntities.Count == 0) return null; else return PnPEntities.ToArray(); } #endregion } }